NAME (5) GREAT INVENTIONS / TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED BY THE MESOPOTAMIANS

Find the city @ 15N, 121E P.R11

PICK UP VIEWING GUIDE (UNDER TUT)FIND THE CITY @: 66N, 21W (Doc. “B”; P. R9)PICK UP Mr. BURSTEIN-- OPEN HIM TO P. 54

FOCUS:LOOK FOR EVIDENCE THAT MESOPOTAMIA WAS A DEVELOPING CIVILIZATION.

CIVILIZATION OF MESOPOTAMIALIST TWO (2) POSITIVE ASPECTS OF MESOPOTAMIA’S LOCATIONLIST TWO (2) NEGITIVE ASPECTS OF MESOPOTAMIA’S LOCATION

35ºN

40ºN

20oN

20ºE 40ºE 55ºE

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C

DEFINE: DOMESTICATION of ANIMALS: > ANIMALS ADAPTED TO LIVING WITH MAN >SERVE A PURPOSE, IE

F O O D!!! YUMMMMMMMM

THE ANCIENT SUMERIAN BURGER—”FOOD OF THE GODS”

GEOGRAPHYGEOGRAPHY

GeographyGeography

• THE LAND BETWEEN 2 RIVERSPART OF THE FERTILE CRESCENT

• WHAT MAKES THE LAND FERTILE?– “FLOOD MUD”; FROM THOSE SNOWY MOUNTAINS

– TIGRIS RIVER– EUPHRATES RIVER

• HOW DID MAN LEARN TO FARM?

• TRIAL & ERROR

• OBSERVATION

• WHAT WERE THE FIRST CROPS?

• WHEAT & BARLEY

FIRST SETTLERS; c. 8,000 BCFARMING STARTS; c. 7,OOO BC

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HIGH TECH AGRICULTUREHIGH TECH AGRICULTURE

LEVEE- • EARTH WALL, HOLDS BACK WATER

IRRIGATION- • CANALS THAT BRING WATER TO THE FIELDS

• SUMARIAN PLOW

6,000 BC

Sumerian big wheel 2,000 AD

TIMETIME

THE CIRCLETHE CIRCLE

• 360º

• 1º= 60 MINUTES

1-MIN= 60 SECONDS

THE COMPASS ROSE

TIMETIME

• 1st CALENDAR– 12 MONTHS

– 30 DAYS PER MONTH

– WHEN THE PASSAGE OF YEARS MADE THE CALENDAR INACCURATE, THEY ADDED A 13th MONTH TO GET BACK IN LINE WITH THE SEASONS

OUR CLOCK CAME FROM OUR CLOCK CAME FROM THESE IDEASTHESE IDEAS

ADVANCED SUMERIAN LEARNING

ASTRONOMY

ASTROLOGYSTUDY OF HEAVENLY BODIES

AN ATTEMPT TO USE THE POSITION OF THE STARS TO PREDICT HUMAN EVENTS

CONSTELLATIONS

>GROUPS OF STARS

>HAVE A SPECIAL NAME

HOROSCOPESHOROSCOPESPREDICTIONS FOR THE FUTUREPREDICTIONS FOR THE FUTURE

• The Zodiac ("Circle of Animals") is the name given to the band of the ecliptic encircling the earth. It is like a belt in space, about 15 degrees wide, across which the planets move and form their geometrical relationships. The Zodiac forms the stellar backdrop for the apparent path of the Sun, called the plane of the ecliptic.

Astrologers divide the circle of the ecliptic into twelve parts, each subdivided into 30 degrees, making 360 degrees in all. The twelve divisions are called the Signs of the Zodiac. These signs are related (but not exactly identical) to the constellations (star groups) of the same name

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thethe ZODIAC ZODIAC• The Zodiac is made up of 12 different sun signs. Your date of birth

determines which one you are. Click your sign below for complete detailed information on your sign:

• Aries - March 21 - April 20 • Taurus - April 21 - May 21 • Gemini - May 22 - June 21 • Cancer - June 22 - July 22 • Leo - July 23 -August 21 • Virgo - August 22 - September 23 • Libra - September 24 - October 23 • Scorpio - October 24 - November 22 • Sagittarius - November 23 - December 22 • Capricorn - December 23 - January 20 • Aquarius - January 21 - February 19 • Pisces - February 20- March 20

PREDICTION- EVEN YOU WILL GET A DATE SOME DAY!!!!

WRITTEN LANGUAGEWRITTEN LANGUAGE

WRITINGWRITING

• SCRIBE• DUDE(ETTE) WHO CAN WRITE

• STYLUS• THE EARLY BIC PEN!

• USED TO MAKE WEDGE SHAPES

• CUNEIFORM• “stylus ized” crazy wedge shaped writing of the Sumerians

– STARTED AS PICTOGRAPHS

What were the first and final steps in the development of writing?

Why do you think, only scribes could write?

• Oldest written language

• Started as pictographs

• Scribes and their tools

• Changed to wedge-shaped symbols (cuneiform)

2000 AD

2,000 bce

Working with Cuneiform Working with Cuneiform

• Task: Using the chart that is infront of you and theCuneiform inscription handout, translate

and follow what is written on the handout

Making a Clay Cuneiform TabletMaking a Clay Cuneiform Tablet

• Task: Using the chart that is in front of you andany tools that are located in this room, youare to write your NAME in cuneiform on theclay tablet.

MAKE SURE YOU PAY ATTENTION TO DETAILS AND WRITE NEATLY!!!!!

• Helped explain things

•Passed down orally

•Later recorded onto clay tablets

THE CITY STATETHE CITY STATE

zigguratzigguratSUMARIAN TEMPLE

BUILDING MATERIAL?

MUD BRICKS

What in the world?

SOCIAL HIERARCHYSOCIAL HIERARCHY

SOCIAL CLASSESSOCIAL CLASSES

• NOBLES (2 story homes, close to ziggurat)– KING– PRIESTS– GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS

• MERCHANTS / ARTISENS (1 story homes)– Specialized jobs

• PEASANTS –FARMERS / LABORERS• SLAVES (captured or in debt)

GET YOUR Prayer statues

Leave in ziggurat—”theY pray while you play!”

Made IN YOUR LIKENESS

SORRY: ONLY PRIESTS MAY ENTER THE TEMPLE

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PRIESTS THEN SHAREWITH THE PEOPLE

GOD of FOOD

McDEEZ

WHAT HAPPENS IF FLOOD WATER HITS THE TEMPLE’S MUD BRICKS?

ARE YOU READY?

ARE YOU SURE?

DIAGRAM DESIGNED BY: –ZIG E. RAUT