myths & legends
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Myths and Legends
Johanna RiobambaJenny Quiroz
Andreas Puenayan Juan Carlos Guevara
What are myths, legends and folktales?
Myths and legends are stories that have been told over a long period of time that have no proof of existence. Cater: (v.)
to provide what is
required or desired
(for)
Hand Down: (v.) to pass (an outgrown
garment) on from one
member of a family to a
younger one
What are legends?A legend is a semi-true story, which has been passed on from person to person.Encompass:
(v.) to include entirely or
comprehensively
What are myths?
A myth is a story based on tradition or legend, which has a deep symbolic meaning.
Shift: (v.) to move or cause to move from one place or position to
another
Convey: (v.) to
transmit or
transfer.
What are folktales?A folktale is a popular story that was passed on in a spoken form, from one generation to the next.
Comprise: (v.) to include;
contain.
What is the difference between legends, myths and
folktales?
Myths, legends and folktales are hard to classify and often overlap.
Overlap: (v.)(of two things)
to extend or lie partly over (each other)
Account: (n.): a verbal or written report, description, or narration of some occurrence, event, etc.
WHITCHESA witch is a person who practices witchcraft. In the Western world, a witch is associated with a woman riding on a broomstick. A witch is a recurring character in the contemporary imagination.
Wart : a small rounded outgrowth.
Pantheon: all the gods collectively of a religion
witchcraft: the influence of magic or sorcery.
HISTORY
In Europe in the early modern period, persecution of witches took place. As a result, tens or hundreds of thousands of people were tried for witchcraft, and executed.
COMMON IDEAS ABOUT
WITCHES
The mark of the devil
People believed that witches had a pact with the devil. The diabolical mark (or mark of the devil) was a token left on the skin of the witch.
BIRTHMARK: a blemish or new growth on skin formed before birth
VAMPIRESA vampire is a creature that feeds on the life essence of other living things in order to stay active. In some Eastern cultures, the vampire is a demonic deity or lesser god who is part of the sinister pantheon in their mythologies.
COFFIN: a box in which a corpse is buried or cremated
GARLIC: the bulb of this plant, made up of small segments that have a strong odour
IDENTIFYING VAMPIRE
Corpses thought to be vampires were generally described as having a healthier appearance than expected, plump and showing little or no signs of decomposition. Evidence that a vampire was active in a given locality included death of cattle, sheep, relatives or neighbors.
Goblin
A grotesque elfin creature of folklore, thought to work mischief or evil.
Shrewd: characterized by keen awareness, sharp intelligence, and often a sense of the practical Tinkers: a traveling mender of metal household utensils.Gunpowder: Any of various explosive powders used to propel projectiles from guns, especially a black mixture of potassium nitrate, charcoal, and sulfur.Upper: higher or highest in relation to physical position, wealth, rank, status, etcSwords: A weapon consisting typically of a long, straight or slightly curved, pointed blade having one or two cutting edges and set into a hilt.
Goblin
This is a word used to describe ugly evil sand spirits such as Boggarts, Bogies and Ghouls.
• Boggarts: A ghost or poltergeist.
• Bogies: Spectrum • Ghouls: A malevolent
spirit or ghost
Zombie
This is a human that has died for a period of time and re-animated with a reconfigured central nervous system and without a beating heart.
Necromancy:The practice of supposedly communicating with the spirits of the dead in order to predict the future.
Priestesses: A woman who presides over religious rites, especially in pagan religions.
Zombies
Characteristics:• Rise from the Grave by
themselves.• Bloodsucking like
vampires.• Their bite is contagious.• Faster and Stronger.• Hunger for brains.• Controlled by the devil
WEREWOLF
The werewolf, also known as lycanthrope, is a legendary creature found in many independent cultures throughout the world. According to popular belief, a werewolf can stay with his animal look only for about a few hours, usually when the full moon comes out. a werewolf is a person who becomes a wolfLycanthrope: a
person who believes that he is a wolf
Bullet: a small metallic missile enclosed in a cartridge, used as the projectile of a gun
CURSE:an appeal to a supernatural power for harm to come to a specific person, group
HOW TO BECOME A
WEREWOLF?
MOTHMAN
Refers to a strange form that binds the human form in the shape of moth. Also was the name given to a strange creature sighted multiple times in the Point Pleasant area of West Virginia, on the border with Ohio between November 1966 and November 1967. Several observers described the creature as a man-sized beast with wings and large luminous eyes.
Gravediggersa person whose occupation is digging graves.
screech To cry out in a high-pitched, strident voice.
Muthman
• Some people say that what they saw was a kind of owl.
• Everyone believes the Muthman is a premonition that something bad will happen
• It is believed that Muthman is a kind of demon
Owl: a nocturnal bird that usually hunts at night and that has a large head and eyes, a powerful hooked beak, and strong claws
Colombian Myths and Legends
The Colombian folklore has strong influences from Spanish culture, with elements of African and native American cultures.Folklore: (n.) the
body of stories and legends attached to a particular place, group, activity, etc.
• The Hombre Caiman, or Alligatorman.• The Mohana (La Mojana) Mother of
water or Mami Wata • The evil chicken ("pollo maligno") • The Candileja • The dark mule or Mula Retinta• The Tunda (La Tunda) • The Patasola or "one foot"• The Moan • The Llorona or the Weeping Woman • The Madre Monte (Mother of the
forest) or Marimonda• The Sombreron
The TundaIt is a myth of the Pacific coastal region of Colombia and Ecuador.
Ressemble: (v.): to
possess some similarity to;
be like.
Lure: (v.) : to tempt or attract by
the promise of some type of reward
Shrimps: (n.): any of various chiefly marine decapod crustaceans of the genus Crangon and related genera, having a slender flattened body with a long tail and a single pair of pincers.
Cunning: (adj.) made with or showing skill or cleverness; ingenious.
Logger: (n.) a person whose work involves felling trees,
transporting the timber, etc.
Lumberjack.
The SombreronIt's an east-central Colombian folk tale in which a hellish man, The Sombreron, wears a big sombrero that covers his head to his calves.
Calves: (n.) the thick fleshy part
of the back of the leg between
the ankle and the knee.Peasant: (n.) a
person who lives in the
country; rustic.
Patasola – One Foot
It is one of many myths in South American folklore.
Wilderness: (n.) a wild,
uninhabited, and
uncultivated region
Flesh: (n.) the soft part of the
body of an animal or human.
The Weeping Woman
It is a widespread legend in North and South America.Widespread:
(adj.) extending over
a wide area.
Doom: (n.) death or a
terrible fate.
Whereabouts: (n.)
(functioning as singular or plural) the place, esp. the
approximate place, where a person or
thing is.
The Mohana (La Mojana)
Mother of water or Mami Wata is a shape shifting water spirit who usually appear in human form to seduce and take away the humans.Basin: (n.) a round
container open and wide at the top with
sides sloping inwards towards the bottom or base, esp. one in
which liquids are mixed or stored.
Greek mythology
Greek mythology was used to explain the environment in which humankind lived, the natural phenomena through the days, months, and seasons. Myths were connected to religion and explained the origin and lives of the gods.
Humankind: human beings
collectively; t
he human race.
Gods and goddesses of Mount Olympus
On the summit of Mount Olympus lived the gods. This mountain in northern Greece was said to be where the gods and goddesses built their homes and palaces. There the twelve Olympian gods and goddesses held court, with Zeus as the leader of the gods.
Summit: the highest point or
part, as of a hill, a line of
travel, or any object.
Hold (p.p. held): to keep in a specified
state, relation,
etc.
Hermes, the messenger god.
Apollo, god of light, medicine, music and flocks, buy also prophecy.
Dionysus, god of wine and madness. Flocks: a
number of animals of one kind, especially
sheep, goats, or birds
Goddesses
Hera, queen of the gods and the goddess of marriage and family.Demeter, goddess of fertility, agriculture, nature, and the seasons.Athena, goddess of wisdom, defense, and strategic warfare.
Wisdom: knowledge of
what is true or right coupled with just judgment as
to action
Warfare: armed conflict
between two enemies.
Creatures and monsters of Greek mythology
Greek mythology is filled with a variety of monsters. For example, dragons, giants, demons and ghosts, and creatures such as the Sphinx, Minotaur or Centaurs. There were also many fabulous animals such as the Nemean Lion, and the winged horse Pegasus.
Winged: having wings.
The Sphinx The sphinx was a female monster with the body of a lion, the breast and head of a woman, eagle's wings and, according to some, a serpent-headed tail.The Sphinx used to sit outside of Thebes, asking the same riddle to anyone who passed by. The riddle was going as follows:
"What goes on four legs at dawn, two legs at noon, and three legs in the evening?"
Riddle: a puzzling question,
problem, or matter.
Noon: twelve o'clock in the
daytime.
Dawn: the first appearance of daylight in the
morning.
The fatesThe Fates have the awesome power of deciding a man's destiny. They assign a man to good or evil. Their most obvious choice is choosing how long a man lives. There are three Fates:
Clotho, the spinner, who spins the thread of life. Lachesis, who choses the lot in life one will have and measures off how long it is to be. Atropos, she who cannot be turned, who at death with her shears cuts the thread of life.Spin: to
form (the fibers of
any material)
Thread: a fine cord of cotton
or wool, or other fibrous
material.
Lot: the portion in life assigned by fate; one's
fate, fortune, or destiny.
Shears: scissors of large size
The Hecatonchires They were born of Gaea, the Mother Earth, and Uranus, the Heaven, during the creation of the world. There where three Hecatonchires in Greek mythology: Briareus, the Vigorous, Cottus, the Furious and Gyes, the brutal. All of them were strong, proud monsters, huge and terrible, each of them having hundred hands and fifty heads growing from their shoulders.
Huge: extraordinarily large in bulk, quantity, or
extent.
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