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Preface

Thisbookiswrittenwiththeaimtosendawake‐upcalltoallKhmer,whetherinsideofCambodia,abroadinanothernation,fromthegenerationsofold,tothegenerationsofthefutureandtoallotherpeopleseekingtoachievethefreedomfromthenefariousinfluenceoftreacherouscommunistVietnam.ThisbookwillalsorevealtherootsofproblemsthatendangertheveryexistenceofCambodiatothepresentday.

Afterreadingthisbook,anyKhmernationalistshouldfeeltheurgetouniteinordertohelpsaveourcountry,ournation,ourreligionandourpeoplefromtheimminentperilsitisfacing.Ourotheroptionisweallowournationtodisappearlike thecountryofChampaandallowourcountrymen/womento live inmiserylikethepeopleinKampucheaKrom?

As Khmer, how canwe be proud of ourselves to be the descendants of thegreat builders of the worldly renowned Angkor Watt Temples if we cannotprotect our rights, our nation and themonumental heritage our ancestors hadentrustedtoourgeneration?

Weshouldnotallowasmallgroupofcorruptedpeopletodestroythecountryorletthemstealthenationalresourcesfortheirowngainslikewedotothisday.Weshouldnotallowthemtokeepcontinuingtheiractivitiesorelsewewillallowour country tobecome the same asKampucheaKrom,which theVietnamhaveoccupiedsince1949andoccupiedCambodia throughsecretpoliciesofVietnamandCambodianPeoplePartyHunSen’sdictatorshipregime.

This book is written to illustrate and indicate the root of the problems inCambodia and to show the Cambodian people about what the dictator andcommunist try to hide from the Cambodian people. Like the evil policies ofVietnamesecommunisttoswallowupCambodianterritoryfromthegraspsofitspeople. As the evidence from past experiences shows that the deaths andmassacre ofmillions Cambodian people, KhmerKrom and people in the regionwereduetoVietnamesecommunistexpansionistpolicy.

Atthismoment,therearemanyproblemshappeninginCambodiatoday,suchasdeforestation,oreexploitation, landgrabbing,corruption, tyranny,and illegalimmigrationbybothVietnameseciviliansanduniformedsoldiersintoCambodia.YetthepresentregimeledbyHunSenhasnotruewillinfindasolutiontoseekjustice for the Cambodian people. It seems as if the regime does not wish toprotect the interest of Cambodian. On the other hand, in this book, the authorwants to show Cambodian people’s need and their desires to change politicalleadership.Untilthepresentleaderswholiveunderneo‐Vietnamesecoloniesareremovedwillourcountrytrulygainindependence,truepeace,truefreedomandtruedemocracyiftherearerealized.

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Cambodianpeoplehavealwayssufferedfromonegenerationtoanother;itisbecause their leaders aremore infatuatedwithpowerandpersonal gain ratherthan what is best for the nation. They are happy over the tears of the peoplesufferings.ThesearethetypesofleadersthatarecurrentlyinpowersuchasHunSen,HengSamrinandCheaSim;whoweretrainedbytheVietnamesecommunistideologybyHanoi.

Vietnam has brought communist doctrine as their way to spread out intoCambodiansocietywhichcausedadivisionbetweentheKhmerpeople;muchlikeadropofblackinkbeingdroppedinaglassofpurewater.ThereasoncommunistVietnamhaddonethiswasbecausetheywanttoconfiscateCambodianresourcesandswallowCambodianterritories.

Vietnam intended to uproot Cambodia and make it become weaker as anexample. Itwashappening in thePolPot regime (capitalofCambodia)becausethey want to fulfill their ambition in swallowing Cambodian territories. OnJanuary7,1979,VietnaminvadedandoccupiedCambodiauntilthisveryday.

Cambodia is small countrieswhich thereareplentyofnatural resourcesbutunfortunately it is under the leadership of present dictator who are satisfiedliving under the Vietnamese colony. This caused Cambodia to lose naturalresources to Vietnamwho brought all those resources to their country such asland, wood, minerals, livestock, and much more. Vietnamese communist havebeencontrollingCambodiatodaybyusingneo‐colonyandtheyuseillegaltreatieswhichhavebeenusedwithHunSen,CheaSim,HengSamrinin1979,1982,1983,1985 and they are now using the supplementary treaty dated in October 2005betweenVietnamandthecurrentgovernment.Wecanseethelandconflict,landgrabbing and force eviction which takes place almost across the country as oftoday.Itismainlyduetothepresentgovernmentprovidingthe45%concessionland to Vietnamese companies and the other like it. The period of each landconcessionlastattheveryleast99years.

The people in Cambodia are currently afraid of the word development andinvestment,becausebyusingthewordinvestmentanddevelopmentCambodianpeople are be faced with force eviction and land grabbing by the companies,which are permitted by the government. Force eviction and land grabbingseriouslyaffectthesurvivabilityofthepeople,especiallythepoor,becausetheirlivesaredependingonthe land. Itmeansthat(farmandrice field) is thepotofthepoor. If their landshavebeenconfiscated,howdotheyexpect thepeopletomakeliving?

Under therulingofdictatorHunSen,who iscalled the thiefof thenation inthe report of Global witness, we can see that all thesemen do not protect thenational interest or work for the interest of the Cambodian people; on thecontrary,allthesemenhavebeencommittingcorruption,stealingthenationand

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dividing the land to Vietnam. All these men was regarded as the unfair orcorrupted officers therefore, they are the thieves in the eyes of the peoplesuffering under their corruption. These kinds of people are worse than thecommonthiefbecause theysteal thenation’s resourcesandproperties for theirown gain and leave the nationwith endless problems. The people are the oneswhoshouldhavethepower;theyshouldhavefullrightstoremovethesemenofcorruption frompowerandpunish themfor thecrimes theyhavecommitted tothecountryanditspeople.

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Introduction

Cambodia is a country located in South East Asia which is approximately181,035squarekm.ThewesternborderisnexttoThailand,whilethenorthernisnext to Thailand and Laos and the eastern is next to Vietnam. Cambodianpopulation today is 14.5 million including the 4.5 million Vietnamese who areliving illegallyand legally inCambodia.SomeothersareVietnameseespionageswhocamouflageintoKhmer;theyhavebeencontrollingtheimportantministriesof the current government in civilian, military and policemen. Most of theCambodianpeoplearetheBuddhistholderandtheleastareIslamandChristianholder.CambodiatodayhasbeencontrolledbydictatorshipregimeHunSenwhohadbeenappointedbyVietnamastheirpuppetsince1980s;hecameintopowerinthe1980sandworkedasministerofforeignaffair.In1999,CambodiabecamethefullmembershipofASEAN(AssociationofSouthEastAsianNation).

Cambodia used tobe theunder control of Vietnamduring the reign ofKingAngMeyfrom1835to1841butduringthattimeCambodianscouldstandupandfreethemselvesfromVietnam.ItwasbecauseCambodianswereunitedandstooduptooustVietnamfromthecountry.Duringthattime,Cambodiawasoccupiedbyone of Vietnamese commander‐in‐chief whose name was Truong Minh Giang.Lateron,Cambodiafell intoaFrenchcolony from1863to1954;Frenchcoloniststarted to controlCambodia from the reignofKingNorodamSoramridh till theendofhisreign.CambodiawasalsoundercontrolofJapanforashorttimeduringtheSecondWorldWar.After freeing fromFrenchcolony,Cambodia fell intothesecondIndochinesewar; itwasduringthistimetheworldfell intothecoldwarbetween the free world (United States and allies) and the communist world(SovietUnion).ThenCambodiahadchangedtoanewpolicybyturningtoChina,which was a new pole that claimed about neutral policy. And then the secondIndochinesewarstartedbreakingoffbetweentheNorthernVietnam(Vietnamesecommunist)ledbyHoChiMinhsupportedbyChinaandtheSouthernVietnamledbyNgorDinNhiem supportedbyUSA in1958.Thiswarwas intended tounitebetween the north and the south but the true purpose of this war made byVietnamesecommunist,wastoaggressandtoexpandtheirterritoriestothewestwhich was coming into Cambodian territories. So Vietnamese communist canfulfilltheirambitiontooccupythewholeIndochina.ThenSihanoukandSalotSar(PolPot)whohelpedsupportcommunistknownastheVietcongagainstKhmerRepublic led by Lon Nol who was supported by USA. When Vietcong defeatedKhmer Republics in Cambodia on April 17, 1975, Vietnam transferred theirvictoryandtheirpowertoSihanoukandSalotSarwhowereservingtheVietcong.Just13dayslaterafterVietcongdefeatedKhmerRepublicregime,LonNol,on17April 1975, that was 30 April 1975; Vietnamese communist ended the warbetween the North Vietnam and the South Vietnam right away. This was anevidence toproof that thewarwhichmadebyNorthVietnamwasapurpose to

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expand their territories and for their ownnational interest and spreading theircommunist in this region. They were successful in ruling over small countriessuch as Laos, Cambodia, and Kampuchea Krom under policy of CommunistIndochina. Therefore, the day of 17 April 1975 was the victory of IndochineseCommunistwhich therewasNorthVietnamwhowas theheadmaster.Taking alookattheKampucheademocraticregime(1975‐1979),Vietnampreparedagoodplan according to their principles of Indochinese Federation to turmoil, thesituationinthisregimebyusingthegroupsofKhmerrougewhichwastrainedbytheircommunist ideology inHanoi in1950stodosubversion inthisregime.AllthesefactorswerethecausetomakeCambodiafallintothedangerofthekillingfield.Vietnamtookcommunist ideologyas theirway to trainbothKhmerKromand Khmer to kill each other that caused millions people death from 1975 to1979.During that time, Cambodiawas led byNorodamSihanouk and Salot Sar(aliasPolPot).

NorthVietnamwas good at using their guerrilla tactics to fightwithKhmerRepublics andUSA during thatwar such as they used theNorodam Sihanouk’sname and his picture to convince Cambodian people to support them becausethey understand that Norodam Sihanoukwas popular among the people. TheytoldCambodianpeoplethattheywereNorodamSihanouk’stroops.AfterVietcongdefeated Khmer Republic, Vietnam changed his uniform to wearing a blackuniformthesameas theKhmerrouge; theywerecamouflage intoKhmerrougemixed with Khmer rouge forces who were trained by Hanoi. They killedCambodian people, educated men, scholar and Khmer patriot who were theofficersorofficialswhoworkedinLonNolregime.TheykilledCambodianpeoplebecausetheychargedCambodianpeoplewiththefollowersofUSA.ThecountryfellintoturmoilinthePolPotregime.Lateron,VietnamchangedtheirnewpolicybychangingKhmerRougeswhowerepro‐ChinatoKhmerRougeswhowerepro‐Vietnam.TheysenttheirmilitarytoinvadeandtooccupyCambodiaon7January1979.ItwasduetotheconflictbetweenVietnamandChinaandtheChinesehadaconflictwithSovietUnion.VietnamquittedChinaandturnedtheirforeignpolicyto have a relationwith Soviet Union.Whereas a politics in Cambodia, Vietnamchanged the old Khmer communistwho had a Chinese political trend and theyinstalledanotherKhmercommunistwhohadaVietnamesepoliticaltrendsuchasPenSovann,ChanSy,HengSamrin,HunSenandCheaSiminstead.TheyusedallthoseKhmerastheirpuppetforservingtheirpolicy.Therefore,theKhmerRougewho were pro‐China and worked in Pol Pot regime fled to Cambodian Thaiborder.Taking thisopportunity,VietnamarrestedandkilledCambodianpeopleagainbyaccusingthemofPolPot.TheyarrestedthousandsofCambodianpeopleandforcedthemtoworkinthejunglewheretherewerelandminesandmalaria.Therewerefewpeopleabletosurvive.ChanSywaskilledbypoisonousinjectionandPenSovannwasarrestedtoimprisoninHanoifor10years52daysbecausetheydidnotserveVietnamesepolicy.

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In1979,CambodiafellintothethirdIndochineseWar.ThiswarwasmadebyVietnamwho invaded Cambodia on 7 January, illegal Hun Sen’s regime againstwith three groupsofKhmer resistances along theCambodian‐Thaiborder.Thiswarwas the same as the second Indochinesewar during 1960s‐1970s becausetherewasonesideofKhmerinstalledbyVietnamesecommunist forsupportingtheir policy like Heng Samrin, Chea Sim and Hun Sen and the other sides ofCambodianswhostruggledalongCambodianThaibordersupportedby the freeworld.ItwasthesameasKhmerRepublicLonNoLandSarimatakwhosupportedbyUSAandNorodamandSihanoukandPolPotwassupportedbyVietcongandChina.Thiswarhadbeencontinuinguntil theendofcoldwar in1989.Vietnampretended towithdraw their troops fromCambodia in 1988but they have justtakenofftheirmilitaryuniformandlefttheminfiltratedinCambodiabywearingincivilians tocontinueoccupyingCambodia insecret.Theyhavebeenhiding inthe Cambodian People Party (CPP); therefore, CPP did not allow the UnitedNationstoverifythemafterVietnamwithdrewtheirtroops.ItwasuntiltheParisPeace Agreement on 23 October 1991 which there was four Cambodian sidesfromdifferentpartiessignedoverthistreatyandendedtheconflictinCambodia.ThisagreementwasgivenachancetoVietnamtobeabletofreetheirhandfromcondemnoftheinternationalswhoaccusedthemofinvasionCambodia.ThiswasbecauseofSihanoukandHunSenwhoworkedforservingVietnamesecommunistpolicy.TheyweredeceptivetheinternationalstoseethatthewarwhichexplodedinCambodiawasthecivilianwar.

In1993,Cambodiagainedthesmalllightofdemocracythroughthefreeandfair election organized by the United Nations Transitional Authorities forCambodia(UNTAC).Onthecontrary,theUnitedNationshavenotyetcompletedtheirmissionsuccessfully,HunSenestablishedseparatistarmytheeasternregionofthecountrycalledsecessionandthreatenedtoprovokethewarwhilehe lostthe election in 1993. Why Hun Sen was brave to anti‐United Nations; it wasbecause they depended on Vietnam who supported from the back; NorodamChakropong was a leader of separatists in the secession area. By having thisproblem, the king Norodam Sihanouk sacked the United Nations to leaveCambodiaandhesharedthepowerwithdictatorHunSenwhowasappointedtobe a second primeminister. He has been leading the country so far. However,Cambodianpeopledidnothavealucktogaintherealpeace,freedom,democracyanddevelopmentthesameaswhattheUnitedNationsmadetheirefforttohelpbecauseon5‐6 July1997, thedictatorHunSenmade thebloody coupd’état totake the power and killed more than 280 members of the Khmer compatriot,democratsintheFuncinpecPartyandintheLiberalDemocraticPartyledbySoenSan.ThiswasalessonofpastexperiencesforKhmertokeepinourmindthatthecommunist did not regard Khmer patriot as Khmer. They always listen andrespect to theirmaster Vietnamwho used tactic to cheat theKhmer to go intotheir cage and then they killedKhmer freely.What happened in Cambodia, the

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leaderNorodamSihanoukwho is the activistof communist cheatedCambodianpeopleoveragainandagain?Therefore,therespectiveelectionslateronwerenotfreeandfairbutitwaspreparedbytheCambodianPeoplePartytobedeceptivefromtheopinionofthenationsandinternationals.AllthoseresultsoftheelectionwerenotcomingfromthetruewillsoftheCambodianpeople.

Whatmentionedabove is to indicate thatCambodia today is falling into theleadershipofdictatorshipregimeHunSenunderneo‐coloniesofVietnamwhichcausedCambodianpeopletoliveundersufferingssofar.

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AcknowledgmentFirstly,IwouldliketopaymyrespectstotheDharmaandallMonks,whoare

the grounding figures for every Buddhist layman and laywoman. It isfundamentallyimportanttoprotecttheKhmernationatalltimes.

IwouldliketoalsopaymyrespectstomyfatherandmotherwhoaredeemedasgodlyanddeliveredmeatbirthasaKhmer.IwouldliketogivethankstoeveryteacherandprofessorwhogavemeandallKhmerchildrenknowledge,aswellasindividualswhoreadandsupportthisbookforprovidinganewknowledgetoallCambodianpeoplewhohaveneverlearnedaboutourownhistory.Itwasbecausethey have been hiding for benefiting their political interests, power and forachievingtheirgoaltocontroloverCambodianterritory.

Withthisbook,“ThemysteryofCambodia”IhavetranslatedfromtheKhmerbook titled the root of 7 Januarywhich I havewritten in 2009. I intend to paygratitudetoallKhmerpatriotleadersandKhmerheroeswhomadeafightforthecause of nations to protect the nation, religion, Khmer people, and Khmerterritories in the past so that the country has happiness and prosperity for allKhmers of prior generations to the present. It was just a small book forcontributiontolearnandasforresearchingdocumentonKhmerpoliticsandforsharing toKhmer citizens;Khmerpatriots, anddemocrats to see real problemswhichhavebeentakingplacesinCambodiatoday.Therefore,weareKhmermustbebravetostandupandstronglycommittedtogethertoendtherootofproblemsfor cause of nations by not allowing the small group to sell and to destroy thenationthesameasCambodianPeoplePartyorHunSenwhohavebeenfollowingtheIndochinesefederationpolicy.

At last, I wish all holy things, which are looking after Cambodia andCambodianpeopleandespeciallyforallthosewhodaretostandupforachangeandforaresolutiontothenationalproblemswithhappinessandprosperitiesandsodothosewhoarecopyingthisbookforsharingthatknowledgetoCambodianpeople.

Denmark,23October,2012

SereySam

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Contents

Preface 1Introduction 4Acknowledgement 8

CHAPTERONE

TheRootofProblems

I. OriginofCommunistinCambodia 11II. TheRootofKhmersgenocide 20III. WhyCambodiafellintothegenocideregime 21IV. Therootof7January 26V. VietnamesetroopsinvadedandoccupiedCambodia

7January1979 27VI. ThewarbetweentheKhmerresistanceagainstwithVietnamese

invasionandillegalpuppetregimeHunSen 30VII. TheParisPeaceAgreement 30VIII. Thedemocracywasreborn 31IX. Thedecliningdownthedemocracy 32X. CambodiafellintodictatorshipHunSenandunder

Vietnameseneo‐colony 33XI. Thebalanceofpowerinexecutive,judicialandlegislative 34

1. TheInformation 352. TheEducation 363. TheElection 364. TheFreedomofExpression 375. TheLaw 38

XII. Whatistheactionofrecentcommunistdictatorleaderdoestosufferpeople? 391. PeopleevictionandLandGrabbing 392. Corruption 403. Poverty 414. KhmerRougeTrail 425. Neo‐ColoniesinthepictureofCompanyandLandconcession 436. NationalResources 437. ThefutureofCambodia 45

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CHAPTERTWOEndtheProblems

I. WhatdoKhmerpeoplewant? 46II. HowcanKhmerhelpKhmer? 46III. WhatdothepeopleintheregionLao,Hmong,Chamand

Khmerdo? 47IV. WhatdoEUandUShelpKhmervictims? 47V. Khmermustleadthecountrythroughthereal

Principleofdemocracy 471. Legislative 482. TheCourt 483. TheExecutive 494. TheInformation 495. CorruptionElimination 496. Increasethestandardlivingofpeople 497. ThePoliticalParties 508. NationalElectionCommittee 509. IllegalimmigrantandVietnamesespies 50

VI. Conclusion 51References 52

rYs

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TheRootofProblems

I‐OriginofCommunistinCambodia

InthetimeofcommunismwhichwasspreadingoutinEuropeandcausedtheworldtohaveasecondWorldWaruntilitwasendedin1945.TheUnitedNationswhichtherewas importantcountriesandthepermanentmemberssuchasUSA,SovietUnion,China,EnglandandFrancewereestablishedtofindoutthesolutionintheworld.Thentheworldfellintothecoldwar.Atthattime,theworlddividedintothecommunistworldandthefreeworld.Thecommunistcountriesexist97and some other countries was standing at the free world. The communistoriginatedfromtheSovietUnion(Lenin,Stalin)Germany(Hitler,KarlMax)Italy,Eastern Europe, France, and the free world are USA, England and some othercountries.ThecommunistspreadoutinEuropeandAsiaincludingChina(MaoSeTung),Vietnam(HoChiMinh)andCambodia,whichtookthecommunistideologytoput intopractices.Cambodia followed thecommunist ideologysinceVietnamtook this ideology to broadcast in Cambodia during the French colony. ThenVietnamwasledbyHoChiMinhwhomadetherevolutiontochangekingBaoDaiand made a struggle for liberating the country from the French colony. WhenVietnam lived under French colony and they had no freedom, therefore,Vietnamese king has said to his people that living as a simple citizen in anindependentcountrywhichexistfreedomisbetterthanlivingasakingorofficersunderforeigner’soccupancy.In1945,BaoDaiabdicatedhisthroneanddeliveredtoHoChiMinhtoleadthecountry.HoChiMinhhadchangedtheregimefromthemonarchy regime to the republican social Vietnam.He continued to struggle tooustFrancefromtheirterritories.

SomeCambodianstudentswhowenttostudyabroadsuchasSalotSar,IengSary who studied in France brought the communist ideology to educate thestudentsandadvertised inCambodia.This communistdoctrinewasnot comingfromtheirpersonalwillwhichwas independentortheycamefromfreedomforCambodian interest but it came from the communist doctrine which was thebranch of Indochinese communist led by Ho ChiMinh. The leader name SoengNgoc Minh alias Achar Mean who was camouflage to be Soeng Ngoc Thanh’sbrother. He worked as the president of Cambodian people party (Branch ofIndochineseCommunist).TuSamuthandSalotSarworkedunderthiscommunist.ThenVietnamtookcommunistideologytotraintoCambodianchildrenwhohavenot yet learned about the histories and politics well; they wanted Cambodianpeople to serve their politics in order to occupy and swallow Cambodianterritories.Therefore,Vietnamtooktheiropportunitytoenlargetheirinfluencesin Indochina and Southeast Asia. At the time of the three countries, Cambodia,VietnamandLaoswasunderFrenchcolony, it isbecauseoftheassistancefromtheChinesecommunistpartyKOMINTERNGandinaccordancewithHoChiMinh

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who became amember of international communist parties; Vietnam organizedtheir revolution to oust French from the Indochinese territories. Vietnam tookcommunist ideologyas theirwayandcalled for thepeople in the region to joinwith their fight to oust French from the Indochinese territories so that thecountries would be able to gain the independence. Please remember thatcommunistideologywhichwastrainedtoCambodiansbyVietnamwasthewrongcommunist ideologyforonlyservingtheVietnamesepolitics.WhatVietnamhaddonelikethis, it isbecauseoftheywanttouprootCambodiannationtobecomeweak the same as Pol Pot regime and at the end they will be able to swallowCambodiaasdonewithChampaandKampucheaKrom.VietnamapproachedintoCambodiatolobbyCambodianssecretlyinCambodianterritories;theyconvincedCambodian people to be the members of Vietnamese communist parties since1946.AfterthatVietnamarrestedCambodianchildren3500to4000totraintheirwrong communist ideology in Hanoi. All those Khmer was very young andunawarethehistoriesandpolitics;soitwaseasyforthemtofallintoVietnamesecommunist ideology. They worked for the Hanoi’s politics. Those who weretrained have been working actively in Cambodia to persecute and threatenCambodianpeopleandnationsubsequentlyuntiltoday.

Indochinese Communist was established by Ho Chi Minh in Hong Kong onFebruary 3, 1930. This communist party supported by China and communistinternational from Soviet Union. China trained Vietnamese activists and gavefinancialsupportandmilitaryequipmenttothem.HoChiMinh’smilitarytrainingbaselocatedintheSouthernofChina,NorthernThailandandLaoswhereasSovietUnionhelpedtrainthekeyseniorVietnameseactivistsinMoscow.WhenHoChiMinhbecameamemberofinternationalcommunist,hetookcommunistdoctrineMaxLenintoeducatethepeoplewhowerelivinginthecountriesofIndochina.HoChiMinhhadbeenleadingthepeoplewhowereinthreecountriesofIndochinatofight for liberating their countries from the French colony. He changed theleadershipinVietnamfromthemonarchyregimetoSocialRepublicofVietnam.It

Vietnamese leader names Ho Chi Minh during his speech in Hanoi. 

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was thenVietnamunder the leadershipof the kingBoaDai.At the end,HoChiMinh defeated over king Bao Dai in 1945 and changed the country to therepublican. Ho Chi Minh continued their policy to oust French colony fromIndochina. Ho Chi Minh has 19 names; he was one of popular person amongVietnamesepeople.HoChiMinhwasbornon19May1890inKimleanvillageinNheAnnprovince,Vietnam.In1911,HoChiMinhleftforFrancebytheship;heworkedasachefofFrench.HoChiMinhbecameamemberofFrenchcommunistin 1920 and changed his name to beNguyenAi QuocwhichmeantNationalist.From1921‐1929,HoChiMinhparticipatedinpoliticalactivitiesof internationalcommunistandbroadcastedonebookwhichtitledtherevolutionpathin1927.In1923HoChiMinhwenttoSovietUniontofindsupportfromthecauseofhisfightamongofhisnationswhoweretheoppositionandlivedorexiled inabroad.HoChiMinhwent to India, Burma, China, Thailand, Hong Kong, England and USA.VietnamesepoliticalmovementapproachedtoworksilentlyinCambodia,atthattime,mostofthemareVietnameseworkersintherubberplantation;theyarethefirst communist persons called VietMinhwho approached to do the politics insome parts of Cambodia such as in Kampong Cham, Kompot and some otherprovinces. Vietnam started to propagandize and did the psychologicalpropaganda among Cambodian people who were the workers in the rubberplantationthere.TheylobbiedCambodianpeopletobeamemberofIndochinesecommunistpartiessothattheyworkedforVietnamesecommunistparties.SomeofCambodianpeoplefellintotheirtrapandworkedforthepolicyofVietnamesecommunist.Inbetween1946‐1954,thousandsofCambodianchildren35004000werekidnappedtotraintheircommunistideologyinHanoiwhichwasthencalled(PramatPromong);theydiditrespectfullylateron.HoChiMinhstruggledagainstFrench until they defeated French at Dien Bean Phu in 1954. They arrestedFrenchsoldiersastheirhostagesandforcedFrenchtosigntheGenevatreatytodeliver the independence to Indochina on 20 July 1954. Vietnam started tocontinuetheirpolicytocontrolIndochinainsteadofFrance.

Cambodian children who were kidnapped by Hanoi to train and follow their communist ideology to serve in Pol Pot regime. 

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Cambodian studentswhogained the scholarship to study inFrance suchasSalotSar,IengSary,ChounMom,HouNim,HouYounwereinterestedintheredbookofcommunistwrittenbyMaxLenin.ItwasthetimethatcommunisttheorywaspopularintheEurope.Cambodianstudentstookthecommunistdoctrineandopposed against the Monarchy regime of King Sihanouk. Finally, NorodamSihanoukstoppeddonating the scholarship to all those students includingSalotSarwhowasanti‐Sihanouk.In1951,SalotSarreturnedbacktoCambodiaevenifhedidnotgraduate fromhisstudymajored inelectronics;hebecamea teacherandranforoneprivateschoolwhichnamedKampucheaBudh.SalotSarranthesecretpoliticalmovementantiNorodamSihanouk.Whentheinformationleakedto the government and Norodam Sihanouk publicly announced to accuse themand follow toarrestofSalotSar andhisgroup; thenhisgroupescaped into thejungleandjoinedwithCambodianpeoplerevolutionpartywhichwasthebranchof Indochinesecommunistparty.TheCambodianpeoplerevolutionparty ledbyVietnamese named Soeng Ngoc Minh camouflaged into Cambodian. WhyVietnameseusedhisnameSoengNgocMinh;itwasbecausehewantedtodeceiveCambodianpeople that hewas a SoengNgocThanh’s younger brother. So theycouldleadCambodiansfortheirpoliticalpurposeanditwasalsobecauseSoengNgocThanhwasoneofpopularleadersamongCambodianpeoplewhoregardedhimasKhmerNationalist at that time.ThisCambodianPeople revolutionpartybecametheCambodianPeoplePartyledbyHengSamrin,CheaSimandHunSentoday. Therefore, on 28 June 2009, it was a day of the 58th anniversary ofCambodianPeopleParty.

After the Geneva treaty, three countries, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam inIndochina gained the independence from France in 1954. Vietminh, whoinfiltrated in Cambodia, were required to withdraw from Cambodia. WhenVietnam withdrew from Cambodia, Vietnam kidnapped some of Cambodianchildren to train their wrong communist ideology in Hanoi and some otherCambodians travelled to Hanoi by Vietnamese ship. All these Cambodian weresentbackfromHanoitokillCambodianpeopleindemocraticKampuchearegime.AllthoseCambodianswhoweretrainedbyVietnamweretherootofCambodiangenocide which caused Cambodian people approximately 1.7million deathsduring (1975‐1979). And the fate of all those Cambodian people was killed byVietnamese plan subsequently because they want to eliminate the proofs andevidences to confuse the international opinion and Cambodian people. TheyespeciallywantedtokeeptheirplaninsecrettoswallowCambodia.Therefore,onJanuary 7, 1979, Vietnam sent their troop to invade Cambodia without theapprovaloftheUnitedNations.

In 1958, Vietnam communist started to break off the war with SouthernVietnam. They have their principles to unite both countries between NorthVietnamandSouthVietnam.Butinfact,theVietnamesewarintendedtoenlargetheirterritoriesinIndochina.

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Vietnamese communist accused southern Vietnam led byNgoDinhDiem ofthe puppet of USA. They started the war by requesting Cambodia and Laosterritories for providing the shelter to their military in fighting with southernVietnamandUSA.TheroadcameacrossLaosandCambodiawhichwasnamedHoChiMinh road.Vietcongsheltered in theeasternpartofCambodia to fightwithSouthern Vietnam and USA. Under theword tomake thewar to oust USA andtheir followers from the Indochinese territories; Sihanouk signed the treatiessecretlywithHoChiMinh in1965toallowVietcong tohidingandsheltering intheeasternpartofCambodiasuchasKratie,Mondolkiri,Preyveng,SvayriengandKampong Cham but Vietnamese troop came across deeply into Cambodianterritories;theydidnotshelteronlyfiveprovincesassaidintheagreement.Thatcaused to have event of 18 March 1970. It was the day which Lon Nol andSirimatakhadaparliamentassemblytovoteforoustingNorodamSihanoukfromthepower.LonNol’stroopstartedtofightwithVietcongwhowereinCambodia.

Why there were Vietnamese military bases in Cambodia, it was tactics ofVietnamese communist which borrowed the street to surround the country.VietnamesecommunistwasspreadthewarintoCambodia.ThebattlefieldwasinCambodia because Vietnamese guerrilla base located in Cambodia; therefore,SouthernVietnamfought intobaseofVietcong inCambodia thatcausedcivilianCambodiansdeathandmanyinjuredinChantreavillage,SvayRiengprovince.

OnSeptember2,1969,HoChiMinhdiedandhisbodywaskept in thegoodconditionuntilthepresent.TheleaderSihanoukandHunSenpaidtheirrespecttoHoChiMinhalso.IntheHunSen’shouse,herespectsthephotosofHoChiMinhthesameasherespectstheBuddha.

Vietnam gained many benefit from second Indochinese war such as Finance,material, weapons, Cambodian territories and so on. Ho Chi Minh had diedbecauseVietnamwantedtofreethemfromChinasoVietnamwouldnotpayforany debtwhich China had helped support Vietnam since 1930. Vietnam gainedthe benefits from USA who helped support southern Vietnam Ngo Dinh Dien;Vietnam took over Cambodian territories, Khmer Krom Territories and Laosterritories. To protect all their interest, Vietnam turned their policy to have

Norodam Sihanouk paid respect to Ho Chi Minch in Hanoi 

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relationwithSovietUnion.Therefore,wecanseethatVietnamcouldgainmanybenefits from three super power countries (China, USA and Soviet Union) andgainedbenefitsfromthesmallcountries(Laos,CambodiaandChampa).

During the second Indochinesewar,Vietnamhadprinted the fakemoney tobuy Cambodian products and goods for feeding their troops. They shotCambodian’s animals (cowsandbuffalos) for their troop’s food (borrowed landandCambodianeconomytofeedtheirtroops).

Southern Vietnam had received the assistance from USA and occupiedKampuchea Krom. Ho Chi Minh had sacrificed his life owing to his nationalinterest; theydidnot refundtoChinaandUSAandtheychangedtheirpolicy toSoviet Union. They were anti‐USA. They did not recognize every treaties andcontractwhichwas doneby Sihanouk andHoChiMinh.Theyhave a chance tomanipulateforswallowingCambodianterritories.

SihanoukhelpeddonatetoVietcongHoChiMinhwasamemberofInternationalcommunistKOMINTERN.Tospreadout communist inAsia,HoChiMinhwasamemberof international communistorganized by China; hewent to Thailand,Malaysia and Singapore to preside inestablishmentanotherbranch in thesecountries.SovietUniondelegatedHoChiMinhtotakeresponsibilitiesinsettingupthebranchofcommunistinCambodiaandLaoswhichisonepartofinternationalcommunistdonatedbySovietUnion.The reason why Ho Chi Minh establishes the branch of their parties in eachcountry is to enlarge Vietnam territories by invasion Cambodia, Laos and afterthatexpandhispolicytothecountriesinSouthEastAsiathesameasStalinandRussia did over their neighboring countries in establishment Soviet Union inEastern Europe. In the second Indochina War, Vietcong were supported andpermitted by Norodam Sihanouk; therefore, Vietnamese troops entered intoCambodianterritoriesdeeperanddeeperinCambodia;VietnamtookCambodianterritoriesasthebattlefield.Theyprintedthefakemoneytobuymeat,food,rice,pig, cow to feed their troops. Sihanoukdidnot solve theproblemsandpolitical

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turmoil in the country suchas thedemonstrationwhichwas takenplace at theVietcongembassy,Vietcongwereacrossthecountriesbuthiswifeandmother‐in‐lawwent tovisitFrance.Twoparliamentarianswent to invitehimtosolve theproblems which he created such as Vietcong invaded at the eastern country,Sihanouk vile and Kampong Speu. He did not return to Cambodia because helistened tohismother‐in‐lawandhiswifewhoadmiredhimasagod;hewasaDharmmoek;noonecanmakehimtrouble.Althoughhismother,Kosamak,madea phone call to him to invite him to come back to Cambodia but he was stillstubborn.Hedidnotlistentoanybody.Therefore,LonNolandSirimataktoppledNorodamSihanoukon18March1970byvotinginthenationalassembly92vs.0.WhatLonNolandSirimatakmadethedecisiontotoppleSihanoukbecausetheywanted to solve the issue of Vietcong troops who invaded Cambodia at theeastern of the country? After Sihanouk was toppled, he did not stay silentlyalthoughLonNol and Sarimatak promised to give himback a power after theyfinished solving the problems with Vietcong troops in Cambodia. However,SihanouktravelledtoRussia for findingsupportbutRussiadidnotsupporthimthenhetravelledtoChinawherehewassupportedbyChinaandVietnam.ChinaandVietnamhelpedsupporthimwithmaterialandweapons.Theypromisedtoconfiscate the throne back for him. They convinced Norodam Sihanouk to joinwith Salot Sar (Salot Sar) to set up Kampuchea United Front known as KhmerRouge on 23March 1970 in Beijing. He was a president of Kampuchea UnitedFrontandworkedwithKhmerRouge,SalotSar, IengSaryandKhievSamphorn.Whereas Vietnamese communist helped Khmer rouge such as ammunition,weapons,food,soldiersandtraininguntiltheycoulddefeatKhmerRepublicson17 April 1975. After they defeated the Khmer Republics; Vietnam installed thepower to Khmer rouge (Khmer communist). Vietcong who were staying inCambodia camouflaged into Khmer Rouge by wearing black shirt the same asKhmerRougeandsomeCambodianswhoweretrainedbyHanoiweresentbackto Cambodia; they started to kill Khmer Republics in Kampuchea democraticregime because they classified that Khmer Republics was the groups of anti‐Vietnam communist; this caused Cambodia to fall into genocide regime whichmillions Cambodian people and Khmer Kampuchea Krom were killed inCambodiaduringKampucheademocraticregime.

ToarresttheCambodianswhowereanti‐Vietnamesecommunist;theyfoundthe guilty by alleging themasCIAor the enemyof revolution. Thosewhowereallegedwerearrestedandkilledcruelly.ThereweremanyCambodianpeopleinthe Khmer Republics regime were killed especially students, intellectuals,democrats and nationalists. This genocide regimemade Cambodia notorious inthe world that Cambodians were cruel by blaming that Khmer killed Khmerwhereas Vietnam gained many benefit from Cambodia both territories andwealth; 7 January 1979, Vietnam changed new policy and installed Khmer

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VietminhwhowastrainedbyHanoisuchasPenSovann,ChanSy,HengSamrin,CheaSimandHunSentocontinueworkingfortheirpolicy.

Theday7 January1979wasnot thedaywhichVietnamliberatedCambodiabut it was the day of invasion Cambodia, robbed Cambodian wealth andcontinued to kill Cambodian people through their strategy by chargingCambodianpeopleasPolPotortheykidnappedCambodiansorstudentstodeathintheK5regionwheretherewerehundredthousandpeopledeathbecausethemalaria and land mine. In 1979, there were 120000 Vietnamese soldiersoccupyingCambodianterritories.TheycontinuedtooccupyCambodiauntiltodaychangedtheirtacticsbyinfiltratingworkinginCambodianPeoplePartyaccordingto thepoliticalsituationso far.TheKhmerRouges(communist)whowereanti‐VietnamwerechangedtoKhmerrouges(communist)whowerepro‐Vietnamin1979.They installedanewKhmercommunistwhowerepro‐Hanoi tobe in thepowersuchasPenSovann,ChanSy,HengSamrin,CheaSimandHunSen.SomeofthesemenhavingbeenrulingCambodiatoday.

Therefore, Indochinese communist Ho Chi Minh started neo‐colonies overCambodia and Laos by regarding majorities of Vietnam who live in thesecountries as Cambodians or Laotians. They put the plan into the practice is toinfiltrate the Vietnamese agents who have been trained by Hanoi to run theirbusiness or personal career in these countries. The sons and daughters ofVietnamstartedtoleadCambodiaorLaosthroughthecommuniststyle.Afterthethird Indochinese war ended Vietnam left many Vietnamese troops in Laos tohelpcommunistinLaosandtocrackdownHmongwhoweresupportedbyUSA.Whereas Cambodia, after the negotiation and the treaty over the Paris Peacetreaties23October1991,VietnamwithdrewuniformtroopsbutVietnamleftthecivilian troops to infiltrateandtowork in thekeyministries inCambodia.Theywere allowed by Cambodian People Party for cracking down against theopposition or anyonewho are anti‐Vietnamese communist in Cambodia. IllegalVietnamese immigrants live freely in Cambodia; they have the Cambodianidentity card; those are living in Tonle Sap, CbarAmpov,Neak Loeurng,Kratie,Kampong Chhnang and Kampong Cham. Vietnam cracked down againstoppositioninbothcountriesbyaccusingthemofthefollowersofUSA;theykilledall those men the same as they uproot the grass; it means that they kill theoppositions or the followers of USA; this was the communist ideology whichVietnameducatedCambodianstomakethemtokillKhmer;butcontraryVietnamistheonewhogainedthebenefit fromthisregionwhenCambodianintellectualandeducatedmenwerekilled.

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NowVietnamcontinuedHoChiMinh’spolicytocolonizeCambodiaandLaos

secretly.LaosisoneoftheprovincesofVietnamandsodoCambodia.Vietnamleftthe civilian troops 3000 including the special forces and espionage, tanks andhelicopters2kilometerandhalfawayfromPhnomPenhnexttoToulKrasanginTakmao;especially,Vietnamesetroopswhocamouflagedintotheworkersintherubber plantations and the investment companies are to confiscate the land ofCambodia people. Vietnamese troop based there because they are ensure thatHanoi’spuppetHunSendoesnotbetraythepolicyofHanoi.TherearealsomixedVietnameseCambodianbodyguardledbyOengBunHeang.

Vietnamese communist occupied neo‐colonies over Cambodia and Laothrough their territories expansion policy by the first time Vietnam send theirtroop to occupyboth countries and then they take their families or relatives toresettle in new territories. After that those soldiers camouflage into civilianclothesassimplecitizensandchangethosetroopstonewtroopstoimprovetheirforces.

In 1989, while there were a diplomatic pressure again Vietnam becauseVietnamviolatedCambodia;Vietnamwas isolated;VietnamandhispuppetHunSenwas inferior to threeKhmerresistancemovement locatedalongCambodianThailandborder;VietnamforcedtheirpuppetHunSentoillegallysigntogivetheeasternterritoriesofCambodiatoVietnamesetroopsandVietnamesecitizensthesame as Sihanouk singed secretly with Vietcong in 1965. Therefore, theVietnamizationinCambodiahastakenplacesinceVietnamoccupiedCambodiaonJanuary7,1979.VietnamforcedthepuppetregimeinPhnomPenhtobroadcastthe curfew 240 and the appealing curfew for Cambodia to consider aboutimprovement the friendshipwith Vietnam and their duties to help Vietnamesecitizens to asylum in Cambodia. In 1989, there were 1 250 000 VietnameseresettledinCambodia.Lateron,Vietnamsetupanewmapwhichenlargestheir

President Richard Nixon during his explanation about communist expansion. 

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border until 40 kilometer inside Cambodian and they did the same in Laoterritories. Hun Sen gave the land to Vietnam such as Koh Tral and Koh Sesthroughtheillegaltreatiesin1980sandsupplementarytreaties(treatiestofulfillthe illegal treaties in 1980s) signed on 15 October 2005 by the king Sihamoni.MostVietnamesecitizenslivedattheeasterncountriessuchasinPreyvengandSvayriengprovinces.

Vietnamcontinued theirneo‐colonypolicybyenlarging territoriesalong theborder such as along the beach and the island according to the illegal treaties;theyaretryingfinishtonewborderdemarcationin2012.ItwasdonebyrecentpuppetleadersHunSenanditwascontrarytotheParisPeaceAgreement.

Nowadays, the friendship Cambodian Vietnam organization which nameUnitedFront fordevelopment andProtectCambodiawas theVietnamese front.They set up this movement across Cambodia and there are 24 branches ofVietnameseassociationinCambodia.

ThisfrontwasthesameasnationalliberationfrontwhichwasestablishedbyHanoiduringtheVietnamesewarcalledsecondIndochinesewar.

Recently,in2004,VietnamcommandedthepuppetcommunistwhoworkedinCambodia and Lao to sign on the Triangle Development Zone agreement. ThisagreementmadeVietnamexpand their territory legally to thewest; therewerethreeprovincesinCambodiasuchasStoengTreng,RatanakkiriandModolkiriandthree provinces in Laos such as Ateu, Pi Sekong and Saravann. There are 400privatecompanieswhicharethecovertohidetheillegalVietnamesetroopsandimmigrants in Cambodia; they are workers. They also have Vietnamese radiobroadcastinginSihanoukVillewhereislocatedattheSouthwestofCambodia.

Although Ho Chi Minh had passed away but his ideology and plan stillcontinueinpresenttimebyadaptingasSovietUnion.II.TheRootofKhmerGenocide

Most of Cambodian people have still been in doubt about the death of 1.7millionCambodianpeopleintheKampucheademocraticregime.Whatcausedthemassacreinthisregime?ItwasbecauseeverythinghasbeenhidinginCambodia;theydidnotallowCambodianpeopletoknowthetruth;Cambodianpeoplewerenotallowedtoknowaboutthepolitics,policyofnationorhistories.Theywillbethreatenediftheydaretoexpresstheiropinionortotalkaboutpolitics.Thetruehistory has been hiding; the Cambodian history started from the SangkumreasNiyumregimein1950s,KhmerRepublicregime,KampucheaDemocraticregimeand until nowwas not telling the truth. If they said the truth, it will affect thepresentleaderswhocommittedthewrongpolicy.Communisttriedtomakethemcrazy with their different ideologies and their psychological propaganda. They

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made Cambodian people lost with their deceptive and their propaganda; whatthey repeatedoveragainandagain isabout theKhmerRougeregime.TheygetCambodian people angry with each other and cause division in Cambodiansociety; they admire the day 7 January 1979 and they are grateful to it. Theymanipulatedthatthisdaywastheliberationday.

In fact, the root of Khmer genocide was coming from the Indochinesecommunist federation thatwas created byHo ChiMinh in 1930 inHongKong.Vietnam created another Khmer communist branch (Khmer Rouge) calledCambodian revolution party in 1951. Vietnam trained 3500‐4000 Cambodianpeoplewiththeirwrongcommunistideologyin1950sinHanoiandtheysentallthese Cambodians to Cambodia during the Kampuchea democratic regime topracticetheirplotinCambodia.

WhenVietconggainedthecompletevictoryon17April1975,theygavetheirvictorytoKhmerRougeandtheydestroyedthebooksanddocuments.TheykilledthepeopleofCambodiathemonks,theeducatedmen,teachers,andsoldierswhoworked for Lon Nol’s regime. They want to eliminate the political events orhistorywhichtookplaceatthattimeandtheydonotwantCambodianpeopletoknowthetruthofhistorythathappenedatthattime.Vietnamesecommunistwasthe onewhomade theplot to putCambodia into the genocide.They took theirideologytotrainCambodians.CambodianleaderslikeSihanoukandPolPotwhoweregreedywithpower;theybelievedinChinaandVietnam’scheats.TheymadeCambodiaharassmentandcollapsedintothekillingfields.TheyusedtheirwrongcommunistideologytoeducateCambodianstokillCambodians.ThistrickcausedCambodianpeoplestillfeelingconfusedtothisday.Thepeopledonotunderstandthe reasons why they have been killed. Vietnamese communist have changedtheirpolicy stepbystepbyusingHunSenas theirpuppet to controlCambodiasecretly. When Cambodia collapsed into the zero during 1975, no books anddocument left. The educated people were killed because it is easy for them tocontrol Cambodia. They changed the history of Cambodia for teaching youngerCambodianstolearn.

Therefore,thosewhokilledKhmerareVietnamesecommunistorIndochinesecommunistwhichtookcommunistdoctrineas theirwaytotrainCambodian forkilling Cambodians. Some of Cambodian leaders who are crazy with power ortitle;theyworkforVietnam.CambodianfellintokillingfieldsowingtotheplotofIndochinesecommunistFederationwhichismastermindedbyVietnam.TherootofKhmergenocidewastheplotofVietnamesecommunist.III.WhyCambodiafellintothegenocideregimeAs mentioned above, Cambodian communist party originated from theIndochinesecommunistpartyinVietnam.IndochineseFederationwasthebranchof international communist established byHo ChiMinh in Hong Kong in 1930.

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ThisIndochinesecommunistpartywassupportedfinanciallybytheinternationalcommunist China and Soviet Union. Indochinese communist party was createdtheir branches in Cambodia and Laos. Those are now becoming a CambodianPeople Party and Laos’s communist party. They set up some other branches inThailand,MalaysiaandSingapore,too.Therefore,whatcausedKhmerKromandCambodian death in the past, it was the plot of Vietnamese communist toeliminateKhmerraceand fulfill their ambition to swallow the territoriesof theneighboring countries in Indochinese region. They were deceptive CambodianandtriedtohideCambodianpeopleaboutthetruehistoryandpoliticaleventsbychanginghistoriestothehistoriesofIndochinaforyoungerCambodianchildrentolearnandfollowthem.TheyviolatedtherightsofKhmerpeopleputpressureonthefreedom;Cambodianpeoplearethreatenedif theytalkaboutthepoliticsand thenationalpolicy.Theycharged thosewhodare to speakout the truthoropposeagainstthem.TheythreatenedCambodianpeopletobefearful,banthemnot to express their political opinion and telling about histories. They arrestedandkilledthepoliticaloppositionbychargingthemindifferentways.

Cambodian communist parties led by Vietnamese who camouflage intoCambodiansnamedSoengNgocMinhaliasAcharMeanandTuSamuth,SalotSarwas the branch of Indochinese communist. Vietnamese communist came intoCambodiaandranasecretpoliticalmovementintherubbertransplantationfarmin Kampong Cham, Samlot and Kampot in 1946. Vietnammade propaganda toLaotianandCambodianstojoinwiththemtooustFrenchcolonyfromterritoriesbut behind of this purpose, Vietnamhad a plan to control Indochina instead ofFrance. Itwasbecause therewasChinaandSovietUnionhelpedthemfromtheback. In 1954, France signed Geneva treaties to provide the independence toIndochinawhenVietnamdefeatedFrenchtroopsinDienBeanPhouinthebattlefield.

As shown above, the origin of Cambodian communist was the branch ofIndochinese Communist Party which was established and led by CommunistVietnam.VietnamesecommunistcametodothesecretactivitiesinCambodiaasworkers in Kampong Cham and other provinces in 1946. At that time, theyconvinced young Cambodianswho did not know about the history and politicsand there were around 3500‐4000 arrested to Hanoi for training communistideology.AfterFrancegrantedtheindependencetoCambodia,LaosandVietnam;the activities of Cambodian communist continued to fight against the kingSihanouk since 1951; North Vietnam continued thewarwith South Vietnam in1958bysayingthatSouthVietnamNgoDinhDienwasthecapitalistandpuppetof USA. North Vietnam stepped into the war with South Vietnam by askingCambodia tohelpVietcong;at that timeCambodiahadbeenrulingbyNorodamSihanouk;Sihanouk’s foreignpolicysaid thatCambodiawasaneutral state.ButSihanoukhelpedVietcongsecretlytofightSouthernVietnamandUSA.

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AftertheyfinishedtheirmissiontooustFrenchcolonyfromIndochina; laterthey started another war again; it was between the North Vietnam and SouthVietnamin1958.NorthVietnamsaidthattheymadeawarbecausetheywanttoliberateSouthVietnamandunitebetweenthenorthandthesouth.

In1965,NorodamSihanoukandHoChiMinhhavea secret agreementwitheachothersoSihanoukhelpedVietcongtohideintheirtroopsinsideCambodianterritoriesinordertofightwithSouthVietnamandTheUnitedStatesofAmericaby using the guerrillawar. Until 1969, Cambodia broke the diplomatic relationwithUSbecausetheneutralityofthecountryledbyNorodamSihanoukarelostowing to Norodam Sihanouk helped provide the settler and military base toVietcong.

There were many problems taken place at that time such as corruption,economic crisis; Sihanouk could not solve all those problems especiallyVietnamesetroopswhoentereddeeplyinCambodianterritories.Vietcongtrooprefused to withdraw from Cambodian territories because they had agreementwith Norodam Sihanouk; and Southern Vietnamese invaded into the Chantreavillage,SvayReangprovince.

WhenthereweremanyproblemshappeninginCambodiasuchasthestudentsstoodupandheldthedemonstrationagainsttheVietcongwhowereinCambodia,NorodamSihanoukdidnotsolvethisproblembutheandhiswifeandhismother‐in‐lawwenttovisitFrance,RussiaandBeijingby leavingtheproblemschaos inCambodia.LonNolandSirimataktriedtoinvitehimbacktosolvetheseproblemsofVietcongbuthedidnotcomeback.

AndSalotSarwhogotscholarshiptostudyinFrancemajoredinelectronicswasinterestedinpolitics;hereadacommunismbook(RedBook)inFrance.ThefirsttimeSarlotSar ledthestudentswhostudiedinFrancetofightagainstwiththeleadingofKingNorodomSihanouk.HereturnedbacktoCambodiaafterKingNorodom Sihanouk deducted his scholarship although he didn’t graduate. AfterhearrivedinCambodia,hewasnothappywiththeleadingoftheKingNorordomSihanouk; he set up a secret political movement to revolutionize in Cambodia.Later his plan was known by King Sihanouk and then Sihanouk announcedpubliclytoarrestSalotSarandthepersonswhojointwithhimaround63peopleincludingSonSentoo. In that time,SalotSarran intothe forestsandbecametosecretaryofTuSamoutwholedbySoengNgocMinh.WesawthatVietnamhelpedKhmerrougetofightagainstwithKingNorodomSihanouk.

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NorodamSihanoukistheLeaderofKhmerRougethatworkforthecommunistVietnamandChina.

Butattheirback,VietnamrequestedSihanoukforprovidingsomefoodsand

sheltertotheirtroopsforfightingwithSouthernVietnamandUnitedStates.Thiswar spread into Cambodia and damage the country the same as taking fire toburnourhouses.NorthVietnamhadstartedwarwithsouthVietnamsince1958,and this war spread into Cambodia’s territory since 1965 because SihanoukpermittedVietcongtoshelterfrom60000to80000soldiersattheeasternpartof Cambodia but thenKhmer’s soldiers had only 30000. InKhmerKampucheaKrom,VietnamusedthenameofKingNorodamSihanoukintheirpropagandatocheatKhmerKromforservinginpoliticsofVietnamcommunist.SomeofKhmerKrom worked for South Vietnam (free) for against with invasion of NorthVietnam. Some worked for North Vietnam. Vietnamese communist tookphotograph of King Sihanouk and CD record for advertising to KhmerKrom sothey could believe that if they joint with Sihanouk, they could liberate KhmerKampucheaKromfromVietnam.SobothKhmerhaddied;thosewhoworkedforNorthVietnamand thoseworked forSouthVietnam.VietnamborrowedKhmerhandtokillKhmer.ForCambodiaonegroupofCambodianswaspro‐republicandother was pro‐Sihanouk Pol Pot and Vietnam communist. Vietcong took thepicture of King Sihanouk towear on their shirt and they told Cambodians thatthey were the King Sihanouk’s troop. They did that because they want to besupportedfromCambodiancitizens.ThewarbetweenSouthVietnamandNorthVietnamendedon30April1975;thatwasonly13daysafterVietnamcommunistdefeatedRepublicKhmeron17April1975.VietnamgainedmanyadvantagesbutmillionKhmerKromandKhmerhaddied;sogivingtheopportunitytoVietnamtoinvade Cambodia and occupied Cambodia until today. When Vietcong’s soldierstayedacrossthecountrysuchastheywereinSihanoukvile,KampongSpeu;KingSihanouk didn’t stayed in Cambodia to solving the Vietcong who lived inCambodia’sterritory,whichwastheproblemthatwasfromhissecretpermissionbut he left for France with his wife Monich and his mother‐in‐law. MotherKosomakwrotethelettertocallhimbackthecountrybuthedidnotcomeandhe

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listenedtohiswifeandmotherinlaw.Hedidn’tcomebackforsolvingVietcongwhostayedinCambodia’sterritoryalthoughhepromisedwiththecongressmanthat he would come to Cambodia on 17 March 1970. Seri Matak and Lon NolopenedaparliamentarymeetingtotoppleKingNorodomSihanoukbecausetheywanttooustVietcongtoleavefromCambodia’sterritory.AfterLonNoldroppedhim from the power, King Sihanouk travelled to SovietUnion and after that hetravelled to China for finding the support to fightwithKhmerRepublics led byLonNol.With support fromVietnamandChina, Sihanouk agreed toparticipatewith Salot Sar and they established exiled government which named KhmerUnitedFronton23March1970inBeijing.TheymadewarwithKhmerRepublicledbyLonNolandSirimatak.Chinahelpedsupportweaponsandfoods;Vietnamhelped support in technology and training, educate communist ideology andarmed force to help Khmer Rouge.What Sihanouk didwas caring for only thepowerandroyalthrone;SihanoukdidnotcareaboutnationalinterestandlivesofKhmer people who died. Vietcong’s soldiers who stayed in territory wore thepicture of King Sihanouk and they told Khmer people that they were the KingSihanouk’s troop because Vietnam had known that in that time King SihanoukwasverypopularamongKhmerpeople.MostofKhmersupportedthoseVietcongto fight with Khmer Republic troops. There were many students, intellectuals,monks, and Khmer people who loved the country had joint together to fightagainst Vietcong. And some of Cambodian believed in their propaganda; theywent into Marki forest for struggle to demand his throne back through theannouncement of King Sihanouk from Beijing. At the end Khmer Rouge led bySalotSarwhousedtoopposeNorodomSihanoukin1950sagreedtojointogetherwith each other because China and Vietnam convinced them. Vietcong whohelped Khmer Rouge to fight with Khmer republic Lon Nol; at this point,Cambodiawasunderthestrategyofcommunist; theyhad justborrowedKhmerhandstofightwitheachotherbutattheendCambodiawasthe lostandKhmerpeoplehaddied.Thecountrywasdestroyedbythewar;attheendCambodiafellintoVietnamcommunist’shand.

UnitedStates’troopswithdrewfromIndo‐Chinaaftertheyhadanagreementwith Vietnam in Geneva in 1973 to end second Indo China war. Vietnamcontinued their fight to invade Cambodia by hiding from Sihanouk and KhmerRouge who hide the internationals to see that it was a Civil War. The warcontinueduntilVietnamcommunistdefeatedKhmerRepublicson17April1975.TheygavetheirvictorytoKhmerRougewhohadSihanoukandPolPotasleaders.VietnamchangedtheirclothesfromVietcongtoweartheKhmerRouge’sclothesandcontinuedtokillKhmer.TherewerethreegroupsofKhmerRougethen.OnegroupcamefromHanoi.TheywerekidnappedandtrainedbyVietnaminHanoithey are thekillers.When theywant to killKhmer, theyaccusedKhmerofCIA,KGB or followers of American. The second group of Khmer rouge was pro‐SihanoukandthethirdgroupofKhmerrougewaspro‐PolPot.All threegroups

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were trained by Vietcong when they ran into Marki forest. So who madeCambodiatofallintomassacrearethegroupsofcommunistwhoweretrainedbyHanoi. All those killers had been sent respectively fromHanoi to kill Khmer inKampuchea Democratic Regime. They had received the direct command fromHanoitokillKhmer;theysaidtodigrootofgrass;theymustuprootit.IdeologyofVietnamcommunistwhichfoughtwithfollowersofUSA;theyintendedtodestroythe rootofCambodiannation to falldownandstay in turmoil.WhenCambodiafellintochaosofmassacre,VietnamhadchangedtheirpolicyfromKhmerrougewho were pro‐China to Khmer rouge who were pro‐Vietnam by invadingCambodia 7 January 1979. Thiswas becauseVietnamhad a conflictwith ChinaandtheyturnedtheirforeignpolicytoSovietUnion.

When the educated men were killed in Kampuchea democratic regime,therefore, Cambodia fell into occupation of Indochinese Federation whichmastermindedbyVietnam.FortheCambodianpeoplewhosurvivedtoday, theylivewithfears;theydarenotexpresstheirtrueopinionandthetruthinsociety.They suffer under pressure of dictatorship communist today. Therefore, doweallowournationtofallintodisasterandsufferingcomeintoourchildrenofnextgeneration?IV.TheRootof7January

Asabove,Vietnam’spolicyfollowedHoChiMinh’splanwhichwassetupin1930.ThecountrieswhichlocatedinIndoChinaareLaos,Cambodia,Cham,andKhmer‐Kampuchea Krom was aggressed by Vietnam; Vietnam colonized overIndo‐Chinacountriesbecausetheywanttoimprovetheircitizenlivingstandard.Vietnam communist used every tactics to fight with Cambodia to weakenCambodia. Vietnam had plots to kill Khmer in Pol Pot regime and madeCambodiansocietyfelldownsuchastheyburnedthedocuments;theykilledtheeducated men and eliminated Cambodian history. To certify that the KhmerRouge regime ledby Sihanoukwhowas a president ofKhmerUnitedFront; hecooperated with Pol Pot who were supported every things by Vietnamesecommunist(Vietcong)andChinasuchastraining,weapons,armedforcestofightwith Lon Nol and Seri Matak until they gained the victory on 17 April 1975.Vietcong gave the victory to Khmer Rouge (Khmer communist). Vietcong whowereinsideCambodiachangedtheirclothtobeblackuniformcamouflagedintoKhmer Rouge to be deceptive the internationals and Cambodian people that itwasKhmerwhokilledKhmer in this regime.AfterVietnammadethesociety inturmoil, Englandwanted to intervene in that regime but Vietnam denied it; oncontrary, Vietnam invaded Cambodia by changing their new policywithout thepermission of the United Nations. Vietnam occupied Cambodia in 1979; theyinstallednewKhmercommunistwhowaspro‐VietnamandchangedCambodianhistory. Every head of school were not allowed to tell the true history or truesocietytothestudents;iftheydidso,theywouldbeaccusedofteachingpolitics

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or talking about the politics. The root of 7 January is Vietnamese communist(Indochinese Federation) who have taken over Cambodia since 17 April 1975;they have just changing the Khmer Rouge(Khmer communist) who were pro‐ChinatoKhmerRouge(Khmercommunist)whowerepro‐Vietnaminstead.

Viet‐Camb‐LaoshadameetingpresidedbyHoChiMinh.V.VietnamesetroopsinvadedandoccupiedCambodia7January1979

January7,1979VietnamchangedthegroupofKhmerRougewhowerepro‐Chinato thegroupofKhmerRougeswhowerepro‐Vietnam.Khmercommunistwhowerepro‐VietnamsuchasPenSovan,ChanSy,HengSamrin,HunSen,CheaSim, Say Buthorng and there were many others who were trained in Hanoi.VietnaminstalledKhmerforworkingfortheirpoliticsbecauseVietnamreturnedtheirpolitical relation fromChina tohaveapolitical relationwithSovietUnion.China disputed with Soviet Union so China turned their foreign policy to theUnitedStatesduringthemandateofDengXiaoping.WhenVietnaminstalledPenSovann and Chan Sy to rule the country but Pen Sovann and Chan Sy did notpracticetheirpolicy;VietnaminjectedpoisonousmedicinetoChanSydeathwhilehewasflyingtoSovietUnion.AndPenSovannwasarrestedtoimprisoninHanoifor52daysand10yearsbyHunSenandSayButhorng,ifhewasnotmarriedtoPhan Vandong’s daughter, he would be killed the same as Chan Sy. Vietnaminstalled Hun Sen, Chea Sim, and Heng Samrin to rule the country until today.VietnamoccupiedCambodiaandconfiscatedCambodianwealthtotheircountryand they arrested the personswhowere anti‐Vietnamby accusing them of PolPot. As for survivors,menwho are adultwere forced towork as an army andotherasaworkerin5kregion;theywerediedowingtomalaria,mineandbomb.Atthattime,VietnamhadcompletelyoccupiedCambodia.Vietnamstartedtofightwith Khmer resistance along Cambodia Thailand border in 1984. At the end,KhmerresistancecouldnotfightwithVietnamandwithdrewtoSiteIIandSiteB.In 1985, the United States of America donated to Khmer Resistance 5 million

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dollars a year, donated the military weapons and trained cadet in Klandong,Thailand.VietnamwascondemnedbytheInternationalsandcountriesinregionsuch as China andASEAN because of invasion Cambodia except Indonesiawhowas inneutrality.SovietUnionsupportedVietnam.AfterSovietUnioncollapsedin1989,SovietUnionstoppeddonatingtoVietnambecausetheyhaveeconomiccrisis. They lacked the financial in the reserved because they focused onstrengthening the military; they lost with their policy in Indochina but theygained the benefit from the policy in East Europe. Vietnamwas inferior to theKhmerresistancebecauseKhmerresistancewassupportedbyASEAN,ChinaandUSA; but according to the research, Khmer resistance forces did not have goodtechniqueintheirfightsotheywereinferiortoVietnameseguerrillatroopswhowerewell trained andenoughmilitaryweapons.ThenKhmerResistancesweresenttotraininThailandandMalaysia.AfterKhmerResistanceweresuperiortoVietnamandtheirpuppetHunSenandHengSamrinbecausetheirallianceSovietUnion collapsed in the cold war with US. Soviet Union turned to have a goodrelationwith US in the governmentMikhail Gorbachev tomake their economygood.Therefore,VietnamhadchangedtheirattitudetoletHunSenandSihanouktonegotiationandsignedtheParisPeaceTreatieson23October1991andtheycheatedKhmerresistancestobekilledbycommunistonebyonesofar.Policy of communist Vietnam changed to Soviet and have conflict with Chinatherefore inCambodia therewereagroupofKhmerrougewhowerepro‐ChinaandthegroupofKhmerrougepro‐Vietnam;inparalleltothepolicyofIndochinaofVietnamthattheyintendedtodominateLaoandCambodia;On7January1979,Communist Vietnam change the communist pro‐China to new communist pro‐Vietnam by installing new Cambodian communists to lead the country instead;groupofKhmerVietminhwere trained inHanoi, thosearePenSovan,ChanSy,CheaSim,HunSen,HengSamrinandsoon.

PhotosofmembersofCambodianPeoplePartytrainedbyHanoi.On 7 January 1979, Vietnamese troops around 12000 came to invade inCambodia; they installed Pen Sovann to be a prime minister in 1981 several

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monthsafterPenSovannwasarrestedtoimprisoninHanoifor10years52daysbecausehedidnot followVietnamesepolicy; thenChanSycame insteadofPenSovannfrom1981to1984;ChanSydidnotfollowthepolicyofVietnamlikePenSovanndid.ThenChanSywaspoisonous injectionandkilledon theplan.ThenHunSenwasaformerForeignMinisterintheCambodianPeopleSocialRepublics.Atthistime,VietnamwastakingmanypropertiesfromCambodiasuchaswood,gold, value things in Cambodia back to Vietnam. Vietnam continued to arrestKhmer (rouge) to imprison and kill. Therefore, Khmer rouge escaped to thebordertofightagainsttheVietnamesetroops.KhmerinCambodiawerearrestedtoserveassoldiersandsenttotheborderandthemeninCambodiaarecollectedtoworkintheforestsuchcuttingwood,bambootomakethemsharpened.Thosewhowenttotheforesthavelittlechancetosurviveandreturnhomebecausetheywerediedofmalaria,mineandbomb.Khmerresistancesweredividedintothreesides 1‐Democratic Kampuchea led by Khiev Samphan, 2‐Khmer Nation PeopleLiberationFrontledbyMr.SoenSanand3‐FuncinpecledbyNorodamSihanoukto fight against Vietnamese invasion and the illegal regime led by Hun Sen. In1984, theVietnamesecampaigndestroyed thesettleofKhmerresistance forcesalong theCambodian–Thaiborder.Khmerresistance troopswereunderseriousdestructionsbytheVietnameseassaultandwithdrewtotheSiteIIcampandSiteBcamp.In1987,KhmerresistancetroopweresupportedbyUSandtheyhelpedtrainKhmercadetinKlangdonginThailandandMalaysia.TheresistancetroopsweresuperiorboththemilitaryandthediplomatictoVietnamandillegalregimeledbyHunSen.Especially,SovietUnionwhosupportedVietnamwerecollapsed;therefore, Vietnamese troopwithdrew from Cambodia in 1988 by not allowingUN to control andmonitor; itwas the chance of Vietnamese troopswearing incivil infiltrated in Cambodia and working in the important institutions ofCambodian government such as military, police, foreign affair and economicsuntilnow.

Cambodianresistancesatthefirsttimeslackedeverything,theweapons,foodsupplies,hospital, tacticsandstrategyso theVietnamese troopcameacross theborder to fight against the Cambodian resistances at the camp along theCambodianThai border.NamYoen camp ledbyLokTaKeoChounwas openlyattacked in 1984. Nang Chan camp, Obok, Ampil, Rithysen, PromVeth, and theotherplaceswereopenlyattackedbytheVietnamesetroopsin1984.Cambodiancivilianswere collectedby theUNHCR to only one campSite II andSiteBnearThailandborderuntil theParis PeaceAgreement then theywere repatriated toCambodia.Attheendofthisresistance,CambodianfollowthestrategyofVietnambecauseVietnamwithdrew fromCambodia owing to thepressure fromASEAN,China andUS and reached Paris Peace Agreement; therewere only Cambodiansidestosigntheagreement;theVietnameseinvasionwaseliminatedtheirimageoftheirinvasionamongtheinternationalsandturnedtheirproblemstocivilwar.

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Vietnamneverlosttheirimageontheinternationalstagebecausetheyusedtheirpuppettostandinstead.VI.ThewarbetweentheKhmerResistanceagainstwithVietnameseinvasionandillegalpuppetregimeHunSen

VietnamhasalwaysusedCambodianleaderswhoaregreedywiththepoweras theirpuppet toservetheirownpolicy. Itwasthesameas in1970s;VietnamusedSihanoukandPolPotastheirtoolstohidetheinternationalstounderstandthat itwas thecivilianwar. In1979,VietnamusedcommunistHunSenas theirtools to serve their own policy. They borrowed Khmer to make the war withKhmerthesameasVietnamesewarin1970s,whichVietnamborrowedthehandof Khmer rouge led by Pol Pot and Sihanouk to make the war with KhmerRepublics led by Lon Nol. It was then invaded by Vietnamese troop across thecountry;Vietnamstarted thepolicy ofVietnamization inCambodia.Vietnamesetroop got married to Khmer women, whereas Vietnamese girl was married toCambodianmen. There are five people among of one Cambodian people in thedowntown and one of them among of five Cambodian people living in thecountryside. This stage was not the different from the war in the Khmerrepublican regime because one side of Cambodian supported by VietnamesecommunistsuchasthedictatorHunSenandtheothersidesupportedbyChina,USandASEAN,therefore,theKhmerresistancealongThaiCambodiaborderaresuperior toVietnamand illegalcommunist regimeHunSen.WhenSovietUnioncollapsed and ended the cold war with USA, in 1989 Germany become onecountry.SovietUnionstoppedsupportingVietnam;therefore,Vietnamdecidedtowithdrawtheiruniformsoldiers firstbutVietnamleftmanysoldierswearing incivilians in Cambodia. VietnamusedHun Sen to negotiate respectfully until theParispeaceagreement23October1991.WhatVietnamdidisbecausetheywanttofreethemselvesfromtheinternationalcondemnaboutinvasioninCambodiasotheinternationalcanseethatitwasthecivilianwarbetweenKhmerandKhmer.IfwehavealookontheKhmerrougeregimewhichcausedmillionpeopledeath,Vietnamdidthesamewayalso,VietnamkidnappedCambodianchildrentotraintheirideologytokillCambodiansandusedKhmerRougeSihanoukandPolPottofollowtheirpolicytodeceptiveCambodianuntilthepresent.

ThenegotiationwasdonebetweenSihanoukandHunSeninPataya,Thailand,Jakarta,IndonesiaandfinallyinParison23October1991.VII.TheParisPeaceAgreement

The Paris Peace Agreement had been done after the respective negotiationbetweenSihanoukandHunSensince1987.Thecoldwarwhichwastheconflictbetween the free world and the communist world was ended in 1989. SovietUnion used the communist ideology and the United States used the free anddemocracy.SovietUnionsupportedVietnamesecommunist technique,specialist

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andweapons.ThespecialistsofSovietUnionapproximately100000worked inVietnam.China,USAandASEANsupportthethreegroupsofKhmerResistances.ThosethreegroupsweretheKhmerPeopleNationalLiberationFrontledbySoenSan;thesecondgroupwasKampucheaDemocraticledbyKhievSamphanandthethird was FUNCINPEC led by Norodam Sihanouk. It is because US, China andASEANputapressureadiplomaticrelationonHanoiandSovietUnioncollapsedso Vietnam was inferior to Khmer resistance in diplomatic relations and localpolitics;VietnamwithdrewtheiruniformedtroopbutlefttheirciviliantroopsinCambodia. They infiltrated in Cambodian People Party Hun Sen. Vietnam sentHun Sen to negotiate with Sihanouk instead. Vietnam could be freed fromcondemn of the internationals because the internationals can see that the wartookplaceinCambodiawasthecivilwar.Infact,itwastheaggressivewar.HunSen and Sihanouk negotiated respectively until reaching the Paris PeaceAgreementon23October1991whichtherewereIndonesiaandFranceasaco‐presidentduring thedayof signingon thepeace agreementdoneby four sidesfromKhmer PeopleNation Liberation Front led by Soen San, Funcinpec led byNorodam Ranaridh, Kampuchea Democratic led by Khiev Samphan andCambodianPeopleParty ledbyHunSen.Thereasonwhythesecountrieswasaco‐presidentbecausethesetwocountriesareneutralduringthethirdIndochinawar. Theywere not supported both Vietnam and Khmer resistances. The ParisPeaceAgreementbroughtCambodiatoreachtheceasefireandmadethecountrypeaceanddemocracythroughtheelectionorganizedbyUnitedNationsin1993.ThenFuncinpec ledbyNorodamRanaridhwas thewinnerandgained58seats.CambodianPeoplePartywasaloserandgained51seats.HunSenannouncedtoraisearmyandsetupseparatisttomakethewar.SihanouksharedthepowertocommunistHunSenwhowasbackedbyVietnamtobeasecondprimeminister.The Paris Peace Agreement is an important political crossroad for Cambodianhistory and the hope for Cambodian people because this agreement broughtCambodiawithpeaceanddemocracy.Oncontrary, thisagreementwasnullifiedbecause dictator Hun Sen and his master Vietnam did not respect it andfurthermoretheymadeabloodycoupd'étattokillKhmernationalistandKhmerdemocratson5‐6July1997andtheyviolatedthehumanrightrespectively.VIII.TheDemocracyWasReborn

The democracy was reborn during the Free and Fair Election which wasorganized by the United Nations in Cambodia in 1993. The country has lostnumerous interests to the aggressive war of Vietnam. Vietnam gained a lot ofbenefitsuchasthepropertieseitheronthe landorinthelandthattheyrobbedfrom Cambodia to their country. Losing the land to Vietnam owing to illegaltreatiesbetweenVietnamand their puppet; the sacrificeofKhmerpatriots andotherKhmerpeoplebecamemeaninglessbecauseofthestupid leader,whowasunderthepoliticsofVietnamcommunistsuchasKingSihanoukandHunSen.Weobservedthatin1993,therewerealargeamountofKhmerpeoplewenttovote

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becausetheywantachangeandwantthecountrytobedevelopment.Theylivedunder the torture,persecutionby thedictatorHunSenandVietnamcommunistfor long times. The United Nations ran a free and fair election. But CambodianpeoplewerehopelessafterSihanoukoustedtheUnitedNationsfromthecountryandsharedthepowerwithcommunistHunSen.Atthattime,Cambodiawasledby twoprimeminister, firstprimeministerwasNorodamRanaridhandsecondprimeministerwasHunSen.From1993to1997,Cambodiagainedashorttermbright of freedomanddemocracybut communistHunSenmade a bloody coupd'état to kill approximately 280 democrats and Khmer patriots. Our belovedhomelandfellgraduallyintoHunSenDictatorshipundersecretcolonyofVietnamuntilthepresent.IX.DecliningdowntheDemocracy

DecliningdownthedemocracyintothecommunistsstartedfromHunSenhadcoupd'étattoobtainpowerfromFuncinpecPartythatledbyNorodomRanaridhonJuly5‐6,1997.HunSenappointedUngHuotasacaricatureprimeministertosubstitute.Thiscoupd'étatwasaplanofcommuniststhatVietnamwasamastertokill‐offthekeyKhmerpatriotsanddemocratswhowerestrongtomakeiteasyforthemtomakeCambodianpeoplesufferedliketoday.Duringthattime,itwasfoundthattherewerealotofdemocratsandpatriotsinFuncinpecPartyandtheBuddhist Liberal Party led by Son San were arrested to kill such as Ho Sok,KrouchYoeum,ChoaSambathandCheaRithychhut,andaround300otherswerealsokilled.TheotherwhosurvivedhadleftfortheOsmachandcontinuedtofightwith Hun Sen and Vietnam communist. Hun Sen transferred the meaninglesspowertoUngHuot;itwasthesamewhenVietnaminvadedCambodiaonJanuary7, 1979 and that installed Heng Samrin and Hun Sen aswell.When Hun Sen'sgroup could not defeat the struggle group who were around 300 persons atOusmach, theUSsenatornamedRonaldBakercametovisitdirectlyatOsmach;thisinformationcausedSihanoukcalledhisson,NorodomRanariddhwhowasinexiled to convince Nhek Bunchhay and Khan Savoeun to turn back into thecountrybypromisingtogivethemthepositioninthegovernment;however,thatpower was taken gradually by communists until the end. What Khmer peoplewerestillhavingconfusionwas that they thought thatKingSihanouk is truly toloveKhmerpeople,Khmerpatriotsanddemocrats;theytriedtofollowthiskingsince they struggled inMaki forest and Khmer‐Thai border because they weremisunderstandingthatwhatKingSihanoukdidisfornationalinterest,lovedandprotectedKhmerpeople. In fact, Sihanoukwas a communist,whowas cheatingCambodian people according to the communist policy and he followed thecommuniststocollecttheCambodianpatriotstokillagain.Sihanouk,PolPotandHunSenareallcommunistscalledKhmerRouge.

Inconclusion,wefoundthattheelectionsthatweredoneafterwardhavebeenorganizedbyCCP;theresultofelectiondidnotcomefromthetruewillofKhmer

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people. Cambodia have been falling into this communist power that caused thedemocratsandKhmerpatriotstobekilledoveragainandagainandneverfoundthekillersforthepunishment.Thecountryfellintoonlyoneperson,andonemancanmakealldecisionsineverycase;Khmerpeoplehavenorightstoexpresstheiropinionbecausetheyarescaredofusingthepowerofcourtsystemtoarrestthemtojailortheyhavebeenthreatenedorkilledaswell.X.CambodiafellintoDictatorshipHunSenandunderVietnameseneo‐colony

IfwetakealookonourKhmerhistorysinceTroSorkPaemperiod,wefoundthat thereweremany problems happened in the past and fell into trouble andinternal conflict. Itwasnot clearedbecause thedocumentsweredestroyedandhistorywasomittedanditwasnotwellrecorded.Thesefactorsmadecountryfallintothetroubleandwarbecausetheleaderswasdependingontheneighboringcountries to fight with each others, without trusting and giving the value onnations. The path of this history used to occur on Khmer over again and againuntil there had been fighting and mass killing Khmer in Pol Pot regime. Theprinciple of Khmer history was destroyed; moreover, they counterfeited thehistoryandleftitforKhmergenerationstostudy.Indeed,innewlyKhmerhistoryafter Khmer obtained the independence from France, we found that theycounterfeitedthehistoryinordertocheatKhmerpeopletosupportthembecausethey only needed the power and throne. Vietnam organized the politicalmovementinIndochina;theysetupCommunistPartyinothercountriessuchasLoaandCambodiaaswell.VietnammadetheKhmerRouge(CommunistKhmer);afterthatVietnamchangedKhmerRougewhichwasledbyPolPotandSihanouk,thentheyappointedKhmerRouge,HengSamrin,CheaSimandHunSentotakepower and continue working for their policy. Therefore, we could see thatCambodia fell into occupation of Vietnamcommunist since January7, 1979.OnJanuary7,1979wasnotthedaywhichVietnamcametohelpKhmerpeoplebutitwas the day that Vietnam invaded Cambodia and changed their new policy tocheat Cambodian people only. The master of policy maker was from HanoiVietnam because Vietnam planned to kill the basic of Khmer Nation; that whytheykilledtheeducatedmenandstudents.ThecommunistswerepropagandizingineverythingtomakeKhmerpeopleandinternationaltoseethatCambodiawasademocratic country;Cambodia fell intoHunSenDictatorshipunderVietnameseNeo‐Colonies.VietnamesecamouflageintoKhmer;infact,theycontrolledKhmerbyusingtheworddemocracyandtheyappointedthekingtoconcealtheirsecretpolitical goals for swallowing Cambodian territories. Vietnam withdrew backtheir uniform troop but left the civilian troopsworking in significant positions;even more, they have Cambodian ID and were legible to vote in Cambodia.Cambodian people fell lostwith their policy andmisunderstand that Cambodiaarepeacefulnow.Infact,Cambodianpeopleliveundersufferingtoday.

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WhenUNTAC came to Cambodia for seekingpeace, security and democracyfor Cambodians; Cambodia started to run the country by using multi‐partiesdemocracy.CambodiacanseethelightofdemocracyundertheUNTACmandate.Cambodia at that time used the UNTAC law in the temporary time; but KhmerRouge did not join the national election prepared by UNTAC because they saidthat There are still Vietnamese troops wearing in civil in Cambodia and theycontinued to fight and after the election in 1993, UNTAC was also immediatesackedby thekingNorodamSihanouk fromCambodia afterHunSen separatedfiveprovincesattheeasternbankofMekongtofightwithUNTAC.TheCambodiangovernment ledbytwoprimeministeronewas fromFuncinpecpartyNorodamRanaridh and one was from Cambodian People Party led by Hun Sen. ThisgovernmentranthecountryuntilHunSenmadethecoupd'état5‐6July1997tooust theNorodamRanaridh frompowerand installedOengHout tobeaprimeminister insteadofNorodamRanaridh likewhatVietnamese invadedCambodiaandinstalledHunSenregimein1980s.

In the strategic terrain, Vietnam has to control Cambodia seriously by thecamouflage to be Cambodian and install Cambodian men for them in order toconfuse the national and international opinion. If Vietnam does not controlCambodia;KhmerinKampucheaKromwillhavethepositiontostandupfortheirrightandfreedomthatVietnamcolonizedKhmerkromsince4 June1949whenIndochina was under colony of France. For that reason, it was seen that theVietnameseauthoritiesalwayscometoarrestKhmerKrominCambodiabacktoimprison and torture like the caseofMonksTimSakhorn,whowasarrested inTakeoprovince,Cambodia.XI.TheBalanceofpowerinExecutive,Judicialandlegislative

Referring todemocracyprinciples; the threepowers (Legislative,TheCourt,and The Executive) should be equality and stayed separately power. But theleadinginCambodiaisnotholdingthetruedemocracyandtruefreedombecausethreepowersunderonemanHunSen.CommunisttookthemultipoliticalpartytodeceptiveCambodianthatCambodiaisademocraticcountry.ThedemocracyinCambodia is contrary to the true principle of democracy.The judicial system isnotindependent,theyarecorruptedandinjustice;theyarefavorintherichandhighrankingperson,especiallytheyareafraidofpowerfulmenHunSen.Actually,the court was not under anyone or any political parties. As the parliaments,membersofnationalassemblyandsenatorsdidnotplayroleasrepresentativesofcitizensbuttheyarerepresentativestotheparties.Thediscussiondonotfindoutthenationalbenefitorprotectcommoninterestsbuttheyaretryingtofightforpower; they committed corruption, and sucking sweat fromnation, religion,andcitizenastheirownbenefits.

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1.Theinformation

Almostnews(Newspaper,RadioandTV)inCambodiaexcepttheindependentmedia from abroad are not independent; they do notwork as professional butthose are controlled by the governmentmostly theywork for pro‐CPP so theyprovided the pro‐CPP information that is not reflecting the real society. This iscontrarytotheprincipleoftruedemocracy.Theydarenotwritesomethingtruthinthesocietybecausetheyareafraidofaffectsthegovernmentoriftheysaythetruethinghappenedinthegovernmenttheywillbekilledorarrestedtoimprison.So they are concerned about their security or afraid of being arrested or shotdeath. The murderer has never been arrested or has never been found forpunishment; exactly,many journalistswereunderhunt byHunSenAuthoritiessuchasYouSaravuth(SralanhKhmerdirectoreditor),DamSeth(DirectorEditorofMoneasakanewspaper),HangChakrawhowassentencedto twoyears in jailandrecently,KaySamboandhissonwerekilled.

TherewillbenoproblemswithsomeofNewspaperormediathatarepro‐CPP

suchasReaksmeyKampuchea,Kohsantepheap,Everyday.com;andsomeTVsuchasTV3,CTN,Bayon,AbsarastationbuttheinformationfromRadioFreeAsiaorVoice of America is not widely opened to the citizen they are also underinvestigationor intimidationwhenthecitizen listenedtotheRadioFreeAsiaorVoice ofAmerica. If anyonedare to express their political opinionor speak thetruth about the societyhasbeen threatenedor arrested suchasMr.MoernSonwhotalkedabouttheAngkorrenovationdonebySokKongbyusingthelight;byhis opinion, it affects the AngorWat which is the wonders; he was accused ofincitement or false information and he was followed to arrest. Therefore, ifanyone dares to express their opinion about the truth in the society wasthreatenedandtheyareconcernedaboutthesafetyandsecurity.

Journalist Khim Sambo and one son were shot death in Phnom Penh. 

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SokAnrenovatedAngkorWatwiththelightbycravingit.2.TheEducation

The education has importantly changed after the Paris Peace Accord andnationalelectionpreparedbyUNTACin1993.Manyschoolshavebeenbuiltandthebookshavebeenprintedfromthegradeoneuntilgrade9,7.7%in2000and15.5% in 2001.Many Private Universities and state Universities took place inCambodiabutthosehasbeenevaluatednotqualifiedenoughtotheinternationalstandardbecause theeducational systemarecorrupted,nomaterialsandstudysuppliesforstudentstoresearch.

Theeducational system inCambodiaarecorrupted thatcaused thestudentsarenotqualifiedanddonotfitwiththeregionalstandardbecausethecurriculumvitae, the study supplies, and the salary of teachers are still worst‐paid. Theeducation is also influence from the politics because the freedomof expressionandteacherdarenotsaysomethingtruth in thesocietytoteachthestudents; iftheydothat, theywillbesackedorunderpressurebytheschooldirector.MostschoolsdirectorarethemembersofCambodianPeopleParty.TherealhistoryofCambodiaareeliminatedrespectfullyespeciallyinthecoldwaroftheIndochinawar II until now; they said something following the political ideology of rulingparty or government. Especially like teacher name Sunthun in Kampong Thomprovincewasunderchargeof teaching thestudents in thewrongwayand theysackedhimtotheotherplace.Therefore,theeducationinCambodiaisnotequallysomerichcangetbettereducationbutthepoorhasnochancetogoschool.

3.TheElection

Allcitizenshavetherighttovote.Theelectionmustbeafreeandfairelection.The laterelections except theelectionwhichwasdone in1993werenota freeandelection.theelectionthattookplacelaterafterthenationalelectionpreparedbyUNTACin1993werenotprocessingfairandjustice;theresultofelectiondonot come from the realwilling of Cambodians because the election is only thepicture of CPP to confuse the citizens and internal opinion and international.EverythingwaspreparedbyCPP.Almostallstateinstitutionareundercontrolof

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CPPandarebackedbyVietnam; therefore, theyareafraidof thesepowers; thenationalelectioncommitteeisnotindependentandneutralbuttheyarepro‐CPPorthememberofCPP;theyarenotworkingforfreeandfairelectionbuttheydoanything to follow the command of ruling party. Especially, the fraud electionwhichispreparedbytheNationalElectionCommitteefoundthattheballotboxeswere throwing into the river ormissing andmisspelling the names of citizens.Therefore,theprocessofnationalelectionisnotfairandjusticethatiscontrarytothe principles of democracy. The chance of propaganda is mostly given to therulingparty(CPP).

ThemembersofoppositionpartysuchasSamRainsyPartywereintimidatedandthreatened.TheirnameswereleftoutfromthepollinglistsbutinsteadtherewereillegalVietnameseimmigrationeligibletovote.Thepeoplearedisappointedandunbelievable to the stateandpresent authoritiesbecause the resultsof thepastelectionarenotcomingoutfromtheiropinion.TheCPPpartytakesthegiftand some money to strengthen their members before each national electionwheretheotherpartieswereprohibitedtodothis.

4.TheFreedomofExpression

It is said only on the constitutionbut in the real situation is prohibited; thepeople who dare to criticize the government or talk about the nation werethreatened and shot death or intimidation by saying thosewill be imprison orexileordeath.Therefore,thepeoplenevercareaboutthecountryornationgoingon but they care only the money for daily living. The univalent strike anddemonstrationisbannediftheyconsideredthatitiscontrarytotheirpolicybutifit is benefit to their policy; it can happen; if the demonstration happened theauthoritieswillusetheviolencetocrackdownsothepeopledarenotsayanythingand the people said something inAssociationwith the politics is threatened orintimidationand theydarenot say and get involved inpolitics or anyactivitiesregardingthesociety.Thepeoplewhoprotectthenationalinterestordemandforjustice,freedomanddemocracywerekilledorarrested.LikePangSokhoeun,sayabout theborder territories that lose toVietnamwas followed toarrestbyHunSenauthorities.CheaVichea,presidentofWorkerUnionwasshotdeathowingtohelp the workers resolution until now the murder have never found. PisethPealykawas shot and later shewasdied inKalmethhospital.TouchSreyNech,Singer,wasshotseverelyinjuredowingtosingasongandmanyactivistsofSamRainsy were killed. Recently, there were many innocent people who werearrested because of accusing them of distributing leaflets; some are teachers,monkandstudentssuchasPhonSamarth,YemMony,LokTy,Khemarak,Hong,Piseth,Vibolandsoon.

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KhemarakandHong LokTy YemMony5.TheLaw

The senior official of present government does not respect the law; the lawhasonlythepaper;theseniorofficialviolatesthelawandpoorpeople.becauseofcorruption, someownerof factoriesdoesnotrespect the labor lawby force theworkerstoworkovertimeandonholidayandsometimetheydidnotpayfortheworker and escaped from the factory but the government does not seek thejusticeforthoseworkers.

Law does not protect the people or serve the public interest because ofcorruption. The court is not independent. Law is under the powerfulmen. Thepowerfulman standon the lawwhen theweakpeople arevictimand injustice.LikeHunTowhoisthenephewofHunSenshotthepeoplealongthestreetdeathbutnoonecanfindthejusticeforthevictimandthekillerarefreetolive.PisethPealyka,whowasshotdeathbecause,BunRany,HunSen’swifeorderedtokill.No one can find the murderer until now. Like Chea Vichea was killed on 22January2004,therealmurdererswerenotarrestedtoimprisonbutwhentherewereapressurefromeverywheretheyarrestedtheinnocentlikeBornSamnangandSokSomoeurntoimprisoninstead.ThisisimpunityinCambodia.

WhatistheactionofrecentcommunistC

Leader of labor union names Chea Vichea was shot dead in Phnom Penh in 2004. 

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XII. WhatistheactionofrecentcommunistdictatorLeadersdoestosufferpeople?

AssaidinthebookofKhmerNationleadersoneandtwoalready,theleadersmusthaveagoodcharacterandtraitofleaders.TherecentleadersofCambodiaHunSenarecompletelydifferentfromwhatissaidinthebooksmentionedabove.

1.Peopleevictionandlandgrabbing

Force evictionand landgrabbing is thebigproblems inCambodia.Byusingthe picture of company and the word development, which most of them isVietnamesecompanythatthegovernmentgavethelandconcessionfor99yearofeachmandate. This policy are affecting the standard living and interest of poorpeople and general people because they are losing the land; lost the job andcareerfromthatpolicythatmakeCambodianpeoplepoorerandpoorer.Andthechanceisthegroupofpatronageofpowerfulmanandcompanywhogainbenefita lot and they are richer and richer because of stealing the nation; it is not forinterestofCambodianpeopleastheeventhappenedintheDeykrahomandotherprovinces.

ForceevictionandlandgrabbingtookplacesacrossCambodia.ThisisadiseaseinCambodiathatrecentgovernmentisnotcapableanddoes

not have a willing to solve these problems. There are a lot criticism from thepublic’sandfromcitizensandespeciallyfromGlobalWitnessandUnitedNations.Thegovernmenthavenotwillingtosolvethisproblemsbecausethisistheissuethat they can deceptive the people, nation and international ideas for stealingfromthenationputintotheirowninterestorflowfromthiscountrytofillothers.

They evicted people from one place to another or evicted them from theirhouseandleftthemwithoutpropers