must for all bma’s olympiads (free sample) · 84 combined vertical and horizontal inversion or...
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Brain Mapping Academy
BMA’s
’s Reaso
nin
g Tra
iner
BM
APlu
s7
TM
Class 7
www.bmatalent.com$ 7
Reasoning Trainer Plus
This book is a part of the curriculum designed for reasoning for classes 1 to 10.
Reasoning and logic skills are an integral part of a wide range of subjects suchas Math, Science, Design and Technology, etc. These skills are also vital in our day today lives.Reasoning Trainer caters to fulfill the above requirement.
This book trains the child's mind to :
� Look at problems with different perspectives through observation, explorationand critical thinking.
� Integrate the application of Math to problem solving.
� Think critically, reason logically and express mathematically.
� Practice, investigate, evaluate and learn with understanding.
� Develop positive attitude towards Mathematics.
This book contains several interesting and investigativeproblems with worked out examples and explanations.
A concerted effort has been made to make learning ofreasoning questions an enjoyable and activeexperience.
Simple, graded and colourful illustrations make theideas more child – friendly.
The catalyst to boost and sharpenlogical thinking and reasoning skills. ` 50
Detailed solutionsfor all problems
of Reasoning Trainer Plusare available in this book
Check this Out!Check this Out!
Brain Mapping Academy
BMA’sTM
Solutions
India’s FIRST scientifically designed portal
for Olympiad preparation
• Olympiad & Talent Exams preparation packages
• •Analysis Reports Previous question papers
• •Free Demo Packages Free Android Mobile App
YOUR
COACH
A unique opportunity to take about 50 tests per subject.
Get 15% discount on all packages by using the discount coupon code: KR157N
Must For AllOlympiads
` 125
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Class 7
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Published by:
Brain Mapping Academy#16–11–16/1/B, First Floor, Farhath Hospital Road, Saleem Nagar, Malakpet, Hyderabad–500 036. & : 040–66135169, 65165169E-mail: [email protected]: www.bmatalent.com
© BRAIN MAPPING ACADEMY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
The entire concept of Reasoning Curriculum including syllabus, content, style of questions is registered under copyright act.
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Publication Team
Chief Mentor : Srinivas Kalluri
Authors : Y.S. Srinivasu
Design and Typing : Muhammed Irfan Khan
Cover Design : D. Nagendra Raju
ISBN : 978-93-82058-06-9
Disclaimer
Every care has been taken by the compilers and publishers to give correct, complete and updated information. In case there is any omission, printing mistake or any other error which might have crept in inadvertently, neither the compiler / publisher nor any of the distributors take any legal responsibility.
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VERBAL REASONING
NON-VERBAL REASONING
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List of useful symbols
VERBAL REASONING
1. Making one word from two ................................. 11 to 13
2. Word formation ..................................................... 14 to 16
3. Insert letter ............................................................. 17 to 19
4. Using letters for numbers ...................................... 20 to 23
5. Puzzle test ............................................................... 24 to 30
6. Letter & Number sequences .................................. 31 to 37
7. Which one is different ? ........................................ 38 to 40
8. Matching Pairs ........................................................ 41 to 46
9. What comes next .................................................... 47 to 51
10. Mathematical Reasoning ..................................... 52 to 63
11. Break the codes .................................................... 64 to 71
12. Direction sense ..................................................... 72 to 79
NON-VERBAL REASONING
Spatial sense ......................................................... 80 to 85
13. Odd one out ......................................................... 86 to 92
14. Analogy ............................................................... 93 to 105
15. Series ................................................................. 106 to 116
16. Mirror Images ................................................... 117 to 129
17. Folded in ........................................................... 130 to 147
Key ................................................................... 148 to 151
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8 0
Chapters like Which one is different, Analogy and What
comes next comes under this category.
Let us study some common properties before learning
those chapters.
1 . Manipulation:
In non-verbal reasoning, shapes can be manipulated by:
A. Size B. Transformation C. Addition
D. Subtraction E. Frequency
A. Shapes can increase in size or decrease in size.
(i) Enlargement (ii) Reduction
Transformation:
Shapes can be transformed. This means a shape can be
stretched or squashed, but retains its main characteristics
i.e., the same number of sides and vertices (corners) and
one dimension must remain constant.
Onedimensionremainsconstant
This Kite shapewill still have four
sides and fourvertices afterit has been
transformed. i.e.,stretched or squashed.
1. Stretched 2. Squashed
A Transformationcan involve aStretch in onedirection and a
Squash in anotherdirection.
INTRODUCTION TO SPATIAL SENSE
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8 2 Movement :
In non - verbal reasoning, shapes move in these ways.
They can
A. Reflect B. Rotate C. Invert
D. Superimpose E. Transpose
Reflections:
A shape can be reflected across an imaginary mirror line
or line of reflection.
X Y
Shape X is reflected on the other side of the mirror line
to form shape Y.
Rotat ion:
In non - verbal reasoning, shapes can rotate in clockwise
or anti-clockwise direction. To avoid confusion, it is best
to measure the rotation by the shortest route. This will
be either in a clockwise or an anti-clockwise direction
around the 360o turn.
360o
45o
90o
270o
180o
135o
125o
315o
Clockwise
Anti-clockwise
Smaller shapes can rotate around the outside of larger
shapes or on the inside of larger shapes.www.bm
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8 4 Combined vertical and horizontal inversion or flip: This is
180o rotation of the original shape.
Superimposit ion:
In non - verbal reasoning, shapes can be superimposed
onto other shapes. These superimpositions can include a
Merger, an Overlay, A linkage or an Enclosure.
Superimpositions can be indicated with a grey fill to help
with visual clarity and ease of understanding.
Merger:
The second shape merges (crosses over) the first shape.
The integrity (lines) of both shapes are retained. In this
case it is a 90o rotation and inversion of the original shape.
Overlay:
The second shape overlays (is on top of) the first shape.
The original shape is partially covered. In this case it is a
90o rotation of the original shape.
Linkage:
The second shape is linked to (does not cross over) the
first shape. The integrity (lines) of both shapes are kept.
Several shapes can be linked together.
Enclosure:
The second shape is enclosed within the first shape. In
this case a copy of the first shape is reduced in size and
enclosed within the original shape.
Transposit ion:
In non - verbal reasoning, shapes can be transposed or
moved from one position to another, either horizontally
or vertically. Movement to the right or to the left are
horizontal and movements up or down are vertical. Some
transpositions involve both vertical and horizontal
movements i.e., a shape could move up and to the right.
Transpositions are enclosed to show movement.
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8 5
1. Horizontal transpositon 2. Vertical transpositon
3. Horizontal and vertical transpositon
Patterns:
Shapes can make patterns in two ways.
A. Repetition B. Cumulation
Repetit ive:
Shapes can be arranged in a repetitive patterns.
The telegraph poles are in a repetitive pattern of one,
two, three, two, one, two, three crossbars etc.
Cumulative:
Shapes can be arranged in a cumulative pattern.
The pentagon shape builds line by line in five stages.
Layering:
Non - verbal reasoning questions are complicated by the
process of layering. Questions can have up to five layers
(or changes) that have to be observed, to find a solution.
Some shapes only have one layer or change.
The segment shape has only received one layer or change.
It has been rotated 180o.
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8 6
Objective
To sharpen your ability to distinguish shapes or symbols according
to their common features.
To test your ability to find shapes that are similar or different.
The question types we will look at in this section are often referred
to as �Similarities questions�. They test your ability to work out
which shapes are similar and which are different in a given set of
options.
You need to use your observation skills to compare the given
shapes, symbols and find the visual link or links.
Questions on odd one out are generally from the types given
below.
In verbal reasoning, numbers/letters are joined with certain
mathematical rules.
In non-verbal reasoning, we should consider the factors like
shapes, positions, lines, movements, additions, subtractions,
countings, repetition etc. before solving problems.
Example 1
Identify the odd one out.
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
Answer: (D)
ODD ONE OUT13Chapter
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Explanation:
Function: What does each object do?
All the objects show time.
So, there is no odd one out.
Shape: What is the shape of each object?
Look at the shapes inside and their outlines.
The shapes inside all are two arrows.
The outline of all the shapes are circles.
So, there is no odd one out.
Position: What is the position of each object?
Look at the positions of the shapes inside.
The circles are all in the same position.
The arrows are all in different positions, and all are fixed in the
centre.
So, there is no odd one out.
Angle: What are the angles in each clock?
Look at each angle between the arrows.
(A) right angle = (900) (B) right angle = (900)
(C) right angle = (900) (D) less than a right angle (< 900)
The arrows are always at right angles to each other apart from
the arrows in (D), which are at less than a right angle (i.e, 300) to
each other.
So, (D) is the odd one out.
Now check such that there is no other variable term that could
give answers.
Is there an odd one out?
Number, shading and size do not give answer.
So, the answer is option (D).
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8 8Example 2
Find the one which is different from the others.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Answer: (A)
Explanation:
Shape: What is the shape of each object?
It is a six point star.
Number: What is the total number of triangles in each object?
Total number of triangles = 6
Shade: Are there any filled triangles?
Yes, there are two filled triangles.
In all the figures except (A), the filled triangles are corners of the
same triangle. In option (A), the filled triangles are corners of
different triangles.
Hence, (A) is the odd one out.
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8 9
TRY THESE
1. Find out the different figure.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2. Find out the different figure.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.4.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
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9 0 7. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
8. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
9. Find out the different figure.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
10. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
11. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
12. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
13. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
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9 2 21. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
22. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
23. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.
(A) (B) (C) (D)
24. Which shape is different from the others?
(A) (B) (C) (D)
25. Which shape is different from the others?
(A) (B) (C) (D)
26. Which shape is different from the others?
(A) (B) (C) (D)
27. Which shape is different from the others?
(A) (B) (C) (D)
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Brain Mapping Academy
BMA’s
’s Reaso
nin
g Tra
iner
BM
APlu
s7
TM
Class 7
www.bmatalent.com
Reasoning Trainer Plus
This book is a part of the curriculum designed for reasoning for classes 1 to 10.
Reasoning and logic skills are an integral part of a wide range of subjects suchas Math, Science, Design and Technology, etc. These skills are also vital in our day today lives.Reasoning Trainer caters to fulfill the above requirement.
This book trains the child's mind to :
� Look at problems with different perspectives through observation, explorationand critical thinking.
� Integrate the application of Math to problem solving.
� Think critically, reason logically and express mathematically.
� Practice, investigate, evaluate and learn with understanding.
� Develop positive attitude towards Mathematics.
This book contains several interesting and investigativeproblems with worked out examples and explanations.
A concerted effort has been made to make learning ofreasoning questions an enjoyable and activeexperience.
Simple, graded and colourful illustrations make theideas more child – friendly.
The catalyst to boost and sharpenlogical thinking and reasoning skills.
Detailed solutionsfor all problems
of Reasoning Trainer Plus are available in this book
Check this Out!Check this Out!
Brain Mapping Academy
BMA’sTM
Solutions
India’s FIRST scientifically designed portal
for Olympiad preparation
• Olympiad & Talent Exams preparation packages
• •Analysis Reports Previous question papers
• •Free Demo Packages Free Android Mobile App
YOUR
COACH
A unique opportunity to take about 50 tests per subject.
Get 15% discount on all packages by using the discount coupon code: KR157N
Must For AllOlympiads
www.bmata
lent.c
om
(Free Sam
ple)