Haydn - Creation (1798) Sacred Oratorio Doesnt follow typical resolutions Loud soft And there was LIGHTTTTTT London

Mozart - Piano Concerto (1786) Concerto Vienna Combined sonata and ritornello form Vivaldis concertos were ritornello form, made it into a sonata form but with ritornello Gallant style (Gluck, Mozart, Haydn) Melody focused, not a lot of harmonic changes Lighter texture, tuneful, slower harmonic change

Beethoven Eroica Symphony (1803) Symphony Vienna A heros journey, transcended what symphony had been before Dedicated to Napoleon, crossed it out when he realized that Napoleon crowned himself Dedicated it to a noble man Started with the idea for the Finale, came from the Creatures of Prometheus Huge development Expanded size of orchestra (3 horn parts, 8 cellos) Main motive never typically presented, starts developing it before he presents it Resolves mysteriously downward A lot longer and larger scale, more harmonically adventurous Less symphonies, more work on each one

Gluck - Iphignie en Tauride Opera Paris First act, aria by Iphygenie Operatic Manifesto Return opera to more storytelling, less over the top Strip big choruses, de capo arias Really convey the story than focus on the singers showing off Pioneered Gallant style

Schubert String Quartet in d minor, II movement Quartet Vienna (actually born there) Inspired by theme from Der Tod und das Madchen Use different ranges for different characters, totally different styles to emphasize storytelling Thought of piano and voice as equal partners Opens string quartet with piano part melody, not voice

Berlioz Symphonie Fantastique (1830) Symphony Paris 5th movement, Dream of a Witches Sabbath Weird falling wind lines Dissonant harmonies Creepy bouncy tune Programmatic music (scandalous!!!) Witches are mocking him, his beloved is the witch queen Idee Fixe (melody of his beloved) is distorted to sound like witches laughter Never really trained/schooled

Stamitz Symphony in Ab Sonata form Mannheim Directed Mannheim orchestra Famous orchestra, famous conductor Rehearsed more than other ensembles Mannheim crescendo/Mannheim fortissimo Known for their impressive dynamics Symphony in Ab Rockets

Terms: Vienna Programmatic Symphony Lied Sonata Form Empfindsam Song Sentimental style Rapid harmonic changes Emotional Bach Esterhazy Court Symphony Stamitz -> Mozart -> Haydn -> Beethoven -> Berlioz Gallant Style