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Native Americans PilgrimsTraditions

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Thanksgiving

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The First Thanksgiving1

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Curators of the museum

Ellie Morgan-Student at Bradley University-major in Special Education and Elementary Education concentration in English.

Sam Krasinski-Student at Bradley University-major in Special Education and Elementary Education concentration in Social Studies.

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Note: Virtual museums were first introduced by educators at Keith Valley Middle School in Horsham, Pennsylvania. This template was designed by Lindsey Warneka under the direction of Dr. Christy Keeler during a Teaching American History grant module. View the Educational Virtual Museums website for more information on this instructional technique.

Sources:

"History.com." History.com. A&E Television Networks. Web. 22 Nov. 2014. <http://www.history.com>.

Ferris, J.L.G. The First Thanksgiving 1621. Image. Cleveland: Foundation Press, 1932. From Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Online Catalog. http://loc.gov/pictures/item/2001699850/

"Library of Congress Home | Library of Congress." Library of Congress Home | Library of Congress. Web. 29 Oct. 2014. <http://www.loc.gov/>.

Stokes, John and Kanawahienton David Benedict (Turtle Clan/Mohawk). Thanksgiving Address: Greetings to the Natural World. Six Nations Indian Museum and The Tracking Project, 1993.

16.D.2a (US)Describe the various individual motives for settling in colonial America.

16.C.1a (US) Describe how Native American people in Illinois engaged in economic activities with other tribes and traders in the region prior to the Black Hawk War.

Standards:

Name of MuseumNative Americans &

Thanksgiving

Proclamation Wampanoag TribeWampanoag

PeaceTreaty

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Thanksgiving

Macy’s Parade Football 4th Thursday in November

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Food of Thanksgiving

Hunting & Gathering The first meal Thanksgiving

today

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Pilgrims

Plymouth Rock Mayflower Mayflower compact

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• The “first thanksgiving” in 1621 was celebrated between the Wampanoag tribe and Pilgrims at Plymouth Colony.

• It was a good year of harvest and the pilgrims wanted to celebrate after losing many people from the harsh winter.

• They had also made a new friendship with the Native Americans and wanted to celebrate that.

The First Thanksgiving

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• President Washington declared a public Thanksgiving in 1789 to give thanks to Almighty God and all he had given to the people.

• “…the service of that great and glorious Being who is the beneficent Author of all the good that was, that is, or that will be.”

• The actual National Holiday of thanksgiving that we celebrate today was put into law by congress in 1941 even though it was established as a national holiday by Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War.

Public Thanksgiving

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-Lived in Rhode Island and Massachusetts during 17th century.

-Had large population (over 12,000) but it slowly died off due to disease throughout the 17th century.

-They ate the “Three Sisters” –maize, beans and squash.

-Their interaction with pilgrims was how Thanksgiving was adopted.

-Soon after, however, there was a war between the Indians and the Pilgrims which began the settler dominance in the new world.

-Still members of the Wampanoag tribe today on a reservation in Massachusetts.

Wampanoag Tribe

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• First treaty between Native Americans tribe and a a group of American colonists just under a month upon arrival of the colonists.

• The treaty stated two important things:

• The colonists and Native Americans would do no hard to each other.

• Additionally, if either was attacked by a third party, then they would come to each others aide.

• If a member of the Wampanoag tribe broke that peace, they were sent to the American colony and likewise if an American colonist broke the peace they were sent to the Wampanoag tribe to recieve their punishment.

• Lasted for more than 50 years.

Wampanoag Peace TreatyInsert Artifact Picture Here

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http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/det/item/det1994020618/PP/

Macy’s ParadeInsert Artifact Picture Here

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• The first Macy’s Thanksgiving Parade was in New York City 1924.

• Started by immigrant workers of Macy’s that wanted to celebrate Thanksgiving with a big parade just like their families had in Europe.

• • This became a staple for people to kick off the

season for Christmas shopping.

• Large blow up dolls, live animals, bands and Santa Clause are all things people expect to see each year.

1924

2013

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• On Thanksgiving Day in 1876 the Tradition of playing football began.

• The America Intercollegiate Football Association on a championship game (pictured on the right).

• Over the years football was being played by people all over the country and this is a tradition that still continues on.

• Today, there are always three games televised on Thanksgiving day. The Detroit Lions and the Dallas Cowboys traditionally, always play two of those games.

Thanksgiving Day Football

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http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/npc2007018178/

Keeping tradition

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• The Native Americans not only assisted the pilgrims by giving them food, they taught them the hunting and gathering techniques which was far more beneficial for long-term survival.

• The Native Americans were extremely thankful for the food they received from nature. They made sure not to waste anything-they only took what they were going to eat.

• In many of the traditional ceremonies, plants and animals are represented as one of the family and treated as they should be cared for as one. They believe they are part of the community.

Hunting & Gathering

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-Went on a fowling mission before-brought back more than just turkey.

-Vegetables would have included onions, beans, lettuce, spinach, cabbage, carrots and peas.

-Fruits would have included blueberries, plums, grapes, gooseberries, raspberries and cranberries.

-Fish and shellfish were also included in the first meal. Mussels especially because they were so close to the shoreline.

-Potatoes

-Pumpkin Pie, was made by hollowing out a pumpkin and filling it with milk, honey and spices then roasting it over a fire.

-3 day celebration

The first meal-1621 Insert Artifact Picture Here

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-Turkey is main dish.

-Fruits and vegetables are made into different things-casseroles, puddings, sauces, relishes, etc.

-Seafood is not typically served.

-Abundance of different sweets

-Usually just one day

Thanksgiving meal today Insert Artifact Picture Here

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• In 1620, the Pilgrims arrived in Plymouth Harbor. William Bradford and the other pilgrims aboard the ship first set foot on Plymouth Rock from England.

• Plymouth Colony was one of the earliest successful colonies for the English.

• During the first winter, half of the colonists had died.

• Over the years, the colonists made a strong and positive connection with the Native Americans in the area.

Plymouth Rock

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• The Mayflower is pictured here, showing the pilgrims that first came to the new world across the sea.

• Aboard the Mayflower was 102 passengers and 30 crew members.

• It was in total a 66 day voyage: they left on September 6th and arrived in Cape Cod on November 9th.

• The boat was 100 feet long.

Mayflower

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Mayflower Compact

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• Pictured on the right is the pilgrims signing that contract.

• The Mayflower Compact was the first

government document for the new settlers.

• The reason for the compact was to break ties with their superior. Storms forced the Mayflower to land in Cape Cod rather than Virginia. Since they did not settle in the agreed upon spot, the passengers “would use their own liberty; for non had power to command them…”

• 41 of the passengers signed the document (all being male)