muscular system - dr. mcguire's math & ela...

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Muscular.notebook 1 March 03, 2015 Jan 612:36 AM Muscular System There are 3 types of muscle: Cardiac muscle the heart, which pumps blood throughout the body. Skeletal muscles enable bones to move by contracting and pulling on bones. Smooth muscles move food through the digestive tract, are in the walls of blood vessels, and are found in the uterus. All 3 types are made of muscle fibers. Muscles contract when the brain sends signals to the muscle fibers and the nerves release certain chemicals to cause the muscle to contract. Jan 612:36 AM Muscles ONLY contract and pull, NOT push. They usually work in pairs a flexor and an extensor. Ex: Flexor the biceps muscle, makes your lower arm fold up Extensor the triceps muscle, makes your lower arm straighten out Voluntary muscles muscles under your control: skeletal muscles (you make your arms and legs move) and sometimes smooth muscles (you can make yourself swallow). Involuntary muscles muscles you don't control: cardiac (your heart beats on its own) smooth (you don't control your stomach contracting to smash your lunch) and sometimes skeletal (your eye muscles will blink on their own or with you making them close) Tendons connect muscles to bones.

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Page 1: Muscular System - Dr. MCGUIRE's math & ELA sitedrmcguire.weebly.com/.../38487735/muscular_system_notes.pdf · 2018-09-10 · Muscular.notebook 1 March 03, 2015 Jan 612:36 AM Muscular

Muscular.notebook

1

March 03, 2015

Jan 6­12:36 AM

Muscular SystemThere are 3 types of muscle:Cardiac muscle ­ the heart, which pumps blood throughout the body.Skeletal muscles ­ enable bones to move by contracting and pulling on bones.Smooth muscles ­ move food through the digestive tract, are in the walls of blood vessels, and are found in the uterus.

All 3 types are made of muscle fibers.  Muscles contract when the brain sends signals to the muscle fibers and the nerves release certain chemicals to cause the muscle to contract.

Jan 6­12:36 AM

Muscles ONLY contract and pull, NOT push.  They usually work in pairs ­ a flexor and an extensor.Ex:  Flexor ­ the biceps muscle, makes your lower arm fold upExtensor ­ the triceps muscle, makes your lower arm straighten out

Voluntary muscles ­ muscles under your control:  skeletal muscles (you make your arms and legs move)  and sometimes smooth muscles (you can make yourself swallow).

Involuntary muscles ­ muscles you don't control:  cardiac (your heart beats on its own) smooth (you don't control your stomach contracting to smash your lunch) and sometimes skeletal (your eye muscles will blink on their own or with you making them close)

Tendons connect muscles to bones.

Page 2: Muscular System - Dr. MCGUIRE's math & ELA sitedrmcguire.weebly.com/.../38487735/muscular_system_notes.pdf · 2018-09-10 · Muscular.notebook 1 March 03, 2015 Jan 612:36 AM Muscular

Muscular.notebook

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March 03, 2015

Jan 6­12:36 AM

Diseases / Disorders

Strain ­ when a muscle or tendon is stretched too far or torn, usually when a muscle is worked too hard, or not warmed up.  Causes  pain, tightness, swelling, and tenderness.

Stiff, aching muscles ­ if a muscle doesn't receive enough oxygen during exercise, muscle cells convert glucose (a kind of sugar in your body which provides energy) to lactic acid.  Lactic acid builds up in the muscle and causes stiffness or pain.

Nov 9­10:58 AM

Muscular Dystrophy ­ there are many types, but most cause progressive muscle weakness (it gets gradually worse), and many types can cause death.  (Remember, the heart is a muscle, and muscles also control your breathing, swallowing, etc.  If these muscles don't work properly...)

Page 3: Muscular System - Dr. MCGUIRE's math & ELA sitedrmcguire.weebly.com/.../38487735/muscular_system_notes.pdf · 2018-09-10 · Muscular.notebook 1 March 03, 2015 Jan 612:36 AM Muscular

Muscular.notebook

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March 03, 2015

Jan 6­12:36 AM

Did you know?There are over 650 muscles, which make up about 40% of the body's weight.

The diaphragm is a muscle which makes us breathe.  When it contracts and pulls down, air fills your lungs.  When it relaxes and lifts up, air is pushed out of your lungs.