muscles and movement
DESCRIPTION
Muscles and Movement. The Joint. Best unit representation of how the body moves. Where two or more bones contact Includes many components: BONES LIGAMENTS MUSCLES TENDONS NERVES. The BONES. Bones are ORGANS FUNCTION: framework for body FUNCTION: Protection for…….. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Muscles and Movement
The JointBest unit representation of how the body
moves
• Where two or more bones contact
• Includes many components:• BONES• LIGAMENTS• MUSCLES• TENDONS• NERVES
The BONES• Bones are ORGANS• FUNCTION: framework for
body• FUNCTION: Protection
for……..• FUNCTION: Act as levers • FUNCTION: Forms RBC• FUNCTION: Storage of
minerals, especially calcium and phosphorous.
BONES and TENDONS: A TEAM
• Skeletal Muscles are attached to bones by TENDONS.
• TENDONS are cords of dense connective tissue
Arrangement of bones and design of joints
These are the two factors that determine the type or range of motion
possible in an organisms’ body….
THE MUSCLES: Working in antagonistic pairs
MAINTAINING CONTROL
• Ligaments:• Tough band-like
structures that strengthen the joint. • Contains different
nerve endings…
• Nerves• Works with ligaments
to control positions of the joints• Prevents over-extension
of joint and its parts.
NUTRITION
• Blood– Supplies joints with….– Damaged blood
vessels causes haemorrhage
– Results in swelling
JOINT TYPE: HINGE JOINT
JOINT TYPE: HINGE JOINT
Cartilage: reduces friction and absorbs compression
JOINT TYPE: HINGE JOINT
Synovial Fluid: lubricates to…… and provides nutrients for cells
JOINT TYPE: HINGE JOINT
Joint Capsule: surrounds joint, encloses Synovial cavity, unites connecting bones
JOINT TYPE: HINGE JOINT
Tendons: Attach muscle to bone
JOINT TYPE: HINGE JOINTLigaments: Connects bone to bone
JOINT TYPE: HINGE JOINTBiceps: contracts to bring out flexion (bending) of arm
JOINT TYPE: HINGE JOINTTriceps: contracts to cause extension (straightening) of the arm
JOINT TYPE: HINGE JOINTHumerus: act as lever that allows anchorage of muscles of elbow
JOINT TYPE: HINGE JOINTRadius: act as lever for the biceps muscle
JOINT TYPE: HINGE JOINTUlna: act as lever for the _______________muscle
JOINT TYPE: KNEE JOINT
Just like the elbow, the knee joint:
(1)Can move freely (diarthrotic joints)
(2)Is also of the synovial type – why do you think this is so?
JOINT TYPE: BALL-&-SOCKET JOINTS
What do you think is the difference in the design of this joint?
Case Study: KNEE SURGERY
Case Study Review Question
• What would be the result of a decrease in synovial fluid at a freely movable joint?