Multiplication PropertiesMultiplication Properties

• There are tThere are three propertieshree properties involving involving multiplication that will help make multiplication that will help make problems easier to solve. problems easier to solve.

Multiplication PropertiesMultiplication Properties• The three main multiplication The three main multiplication

properties are:properties are:

• Commutative Commutative

• Associative Associative

• DistributiveDistributive

Commutative propertyCommutative property

 When two numbers are multiplied When two numbers are multiplied together, together, the productthe product is is the samethe same no no

matter the order of the factors.matter the order of the factors.

For example For example 4 x 2 = 2 x 44 x 2 = 2 x 4

8 = 8 8 = 8

            

Remember:Remember: Multiply the number in Multiply the number in parentheses ( ) first.parentheses ( ) first.

Let’s practice the commutative Let’s practice the commutative property! property!

3 4 5 7

x 4 x 3 x 7 x 5

35 x 6 = 6 x 35 40 x 2 = 2 x 40

Associative propertyAssociative propertyWhen three or more numbers are

multiplied, the product is the same no

matter the grouping of the factors.

For example

Let’s practice the associative Let’s practice the associative propertyproperty

• (5 x 7) x 2  = 5 x (7 x 2)

• (2 x 5) x 3  =  2 x (5 x 3)   

• 4 x (6 x 2) =  (4 x 6) x 2

• 8 x (3 x 4) = (8 x 3) x 4 

Distributive propertyDistributive property

• The addition of two numbers multiplied by a third number is equal to the addition of each number times the third number.

For example 4 x (6 + 3) = (4 x 6) + (4 x 3)

Let’s practice together

2 x (5 + 3) =

10 + 6

16

(2 x 5) + (2 x 3) = 16

• 3 x (4 + 6) =

• 4 x (2 + 5) =

Now, You try

• 5 x (4 + 7) =

Skip 5 lines

• 7 x (9 + 6) =

Skip 5 lines

• 2 x (12 + 4) =

Skip 5 lines

• 3 x (14 + 5) =

Worksheet

Remember!!

• When I multiply a number that ends in 0 …

50 x 7 = 200 x 8 =

300 x 6 = 40 x 5 =

350

Distributive property part 2Mental strategies

• We can use the distributive property to solve multiplication problems in our heads.

Example:

102 x 4 = (100 + 2) x 4 = (100 x 4) + (2 x 4)

400 + 8

408

• 56 x 8 =

• 72 x 4 =

Try to make a number that ends in 0

(50 + 6) x 8 = (50 x 8) + (6 x 8)