•Pearl Harbor is a harbor on the island of Oʻahu, Hawaii, west of Honolulu.

•The Empire of Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.

•This attack brought the United States into World War II.

Hawaii

View from an attacking

Japanese aircraft

U.S.S Missouri

(now a museum ship)

Pearl Harbor

• President Roosevelt had banned all exports of scrap iron, steel and oil to Japan.

• The United States wanted Japan to withdraw from Indo-China which they had invaded earlier.

• The US opposed Japanese expansion.

• The Japanese were motivated to expand their empire and had to make a decision between surrendering or going to war with the United States.

Many Different Reasons

• Pearl Harbor was the home of the U.S. Pacific Fleet. Japan did not want the U.S. in the war because the U.S at this time had the greatest Naval force. They

thought that if the Pacific Fleet was destroyed, Americans would feel demoralized and not want to

fight.

They made a big mistake

when they thought that

this might be a reason to

attack America!

The First Wave of Planes

• The first attack wave consisted of 183 planesIt included:

1st Group (targets: battleships and aircraft carriers)(Used 50 Nakajima B5N bombers and 40 B5N

bombers)2nd Group (targets: Ford Island and Wheeler Field)

(Used 54 Aichi D3A dive bombers)3rd Group (targets: aircrafts at Ford Island, Hickam

Field, Wheeler Field, Barber’s Point, Kaneohe) (Used 45 Mitsubishi A6M fighters)

The Second Wave of Planes

• The second wave consisted of 171 planesThis wave included:

1st Group (targeted: aircraft and hangars on Kaneohe, Ford Island, and Barbers Point)

(Used 54 B5Ns) 2nd Group (targets: aircraft carriers and cruisers)

(Used 81 D3As) 3rd Group (targets: aircraft at Ford Island, Hickam

Field, Wheeler Field, Barber’s Point, Kaneohe) (Used 36 A6Ms)

The targets that

were hit by these

waves consisted of

the following:

Attacked targets:1: USS California2: USS Maryland3: USS Oklahoma4: USS Tennessee

6: USS Arizona7: USS Nevada8: USS Pennsylvania9: Ford Island NAS10: Hickam field

5: USS West Virginia

Americas Reaction!• This sneak attack against Hawaii brought an immediate

reaction of unprecedented unity from the American people.

• Families from every class sent their sons and daughters to war, women joined the industrial work force, and no one was untouched by the effort to bring all of U. S. resources to bear upon the war effort.

• The U. S. war plans strategy had been "Europe first", but the Japanese attack caused a far greater effort to be directed early on to the pacific.

• It fueled the will of the U. S. to completely defeat Japan regardless of the cost.

The End of the War• Four major imperial powers (German, Russian,

Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires) had been militarily and politically defeated.

• The Soviet Union emerged from the Russian Empire.

• The map of central Europe was completely redrawn into numerous smaller states.

• The League of Nations was formed in the hope of preventing another such conflict.

• The Treaty of Versailles was created.

~WORK CITED~

• Information cite• The History Place The History Place, 1996. Web. 16 Oct. 2009.

<http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/timeline/pearl.htm>.

• History Made Every Day World Almanac Education Group. A WRC Media Comp, 2009. Web. 16 Oct. 2009. <http://www.history.com/encyclopedia.do?articleId=226140>.

• Pearl Harbor Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., , 7 Dec. 2006. Web. 16 Oct. 2009. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearl_Harbor>.

• Kershaw, Ian. World War ll Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., , 28 Dec. 2006. Web. 16 Oct. 2009. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II>.

• Picture cite• Pearl Harbor Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., , 7 Dec. 2006. Web. 16 Oct. 2009.

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearl_Harbor>.

• Kershaw, Ian. World War ll Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., , 28 Dec. 2006. Web. 16 Oct. 2009. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II>.

• Google Images (Pearl Harbor) N.p., 2009. Web. 16 Oct. 2009. <http://images.google.com/images?hl=en&source=hp&q=pearl+harbor&gbv=2&aq=f&oq=&aqi=g10>.