In The Name Of Allah, The Most Beneficent, The Most Merciful.

Group MembersMohammad Abu Bakr Mohammad Ali Jibran

Mohammad Awais Riaz

Hassan Abdullah Khan

Mirza Shahab Ud Din

Introduction• Pakistan came into existence on 14th of August, 1947. An

estimate of 7 million Muslims migrated to Pakistan. The population of Pakistan lies around 18 crores.

• The total population of Pakistan is composed of people of different cultures, ethnicities’ and heritages.

• Pakistan was divided into four major provinces under the constitution of 1973. This taken into consideration implies on the fact that there are different languages spoken in Pakistan.

• The provinces named Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, KPK, & Gilgit-Baltistan. Each province has its own Language.

LANGUAGES

The major Languages spoken in Pakistan are:

• Urdu

• Punjabi

• Pashto

• Sindhi

• Balochi

• Balti & Gilgiti

Urdu

• The National Language:–Origin –Books & Poets–Mughals Reign

By M. Abu Bakr

URDU• About 8% of total population of

Pakistan speaks Urdu. • Origin of Urdu language can traced to

the advent of Islam in the subcontinent. • The first poetry in Urdu was by the

Persian poet Amir Khusro (1253–1325) • The first Urdu book "Woh Majlis" was

written in 1728.• The first time the word "Urdu" was used

was by Sirajuddin Ali khan Arzoo in 1741.  

URDU• It began to take shape in what is now continued

to develop under the Mughal Empire (1526–1858). The Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir  (1658-1707) spoke Urdu  fluently as did his descendants.

• At the end of 18th century, Urdu had taken place of Persian as the language of Muslim culture in India.

• Urdu was adopted for the first time as the medium of instruction by a modern university established at Hyderabad in the year 1920.

Punjabi

•Main Points:–History –World Ranking–Poets–Dialects of Punjabi.

By Mirza Shahab

PUNJABI• The largest language spoken in Pakistan is

Punjabi, around 60% of the total population.

• There are 88 million native speakers of the Punjabi language, which makes it approximately the 10th most widely spoken language in the world.

• It is an ancient language, exact trace of its origins is unknown but experts believe that it goes as old as 2500 BC.

PUNJABI

• Punjabi is descended from:– Procrit 

• Vedic period (1700 B.C)

– Pali (Old Persian) & Apabhramsha  • Ashoka period (273 B.C - 232 B.C)

– Hindvi, Lahori and Multani • Muslim period (711 A.D - 1857 A.D)

• Punjabi literature was principally spiritual in nature and has had a very rich oral tradition.

• Generally Baba Farid ud Din Ganj-Shakr is known to be the first Punjabi poet.

Dialects of Punjabi • Namely:

– Majhi – It is spoken in cities located in the heart of Punjabi i.e. Lahore, Gujranwala, Narowal etc.

– Shahpuri – It is mainly spoken in the Western and North Western parts of Punjab.

– Pothowari – It is spoken in the Northern Punjab, the areas of Murree hills and plains around Rawalpindi.

– Hindko – A different dialect of Punjabi, It is spoken in the North-Western Punjab and the Southern KPK and also in the area of Murree.

– Dhani – It is spoken mainly in the Chakwal District.

– Saraiki – Its different more than any other dialect of Punjabi. It is spoken all over Punjab but majority speakers are in South.

Pashto

•Main Points:–History –Poets–Dialects of Pashto.

By Hassan Abdullah Khan

PASHTO Pashto is the first language of about 10% of the total

population mainly located in KPK.

Before the arrival of Muslims in the Sub-continent Pashto was lettered in Kharoshti script.

Although Pashto was influenced by many foreign languages like Turkish, Pali and Sanskrit, but these influences did not make any substantial change in it’s basically Islamic Character.

The first Pashto poet Amir Karore was born between 8th and 15th century AD, also born during this period were notable poets like Sher Shah Suri and Bayazid Ansari.

PASHTO Tappa is the oldest poem in Pashto poetic form. Among Famous

Pashto poets are:

Khushal Khan Khattak (1613–1689) Rehman Baba (1633–1708) & Abdul Hameed Baba (1651–1732) .

Ahmed Shah Abdali, founder of modern Afghanistan is one of the leading Pashto poets.

Peshawar is the biggest Pashto speaking city . There are two major dialect patterns.

– Pakhto - Which is the Northern variety.– The softer Pashto spoken in the Southern Areas.

Sindhi

•Main Points:–History –Poets–Dialects of Sindhi.

By Ali Jibran

SINDHIA total of 12% of total population of

Pakistan speaks Sindhi, mostly located in Sindh.

It is believed the Sindhi was born even before Sanskrit which is generally held to be the most ancient Indian Language, people living of both sides of the river Indus as early as BC 2000 spoke Sindhi.

Sindhi is the first language in south Asia the holy Quran was translated into.

SINDHI

• Shah Abdu Latif Bhatai is admittedly the greatest poet Sindhi had so far produced.

• Sachal Sarmast is another great Sindhi poet who composed in almost the same age.

• The major dialects of Sindhi are:– Sireli– Vicholi – Lari– Thari – Lasi – Kachhi

Balochi

•Main Points:–History –Poets–Dialects of Balochi.

By Awais Riaz

BALOCHI The 10% of the population of Pakistan that speaks Balochi are

located in Baluchistan. Among these 10% also included are the dialects of Pashto.

It is believed that the language was brought to its present

location in a series of migrations from the Kurdistan region of northeastern Iraq and northwestern Iran.

Since Balochis did not know the art of writing and they had no script, therefore it is difficult to trace the origin of Balochi language.

Linguistics believe that Balochi belongs to the family of Aryan languages.

BALOCHIBalochi being a very poetic and rich language

has a certain degree of affinity to Persian and Urdu.

There are different dialects of Balochi language. Namely:– Rakhshani– Kethran

Rakhshani further has four sub-dialects: Sarhaddi Makrani Qalati Chagai Kharani

Balti & Others The language spoken in the areas of Baltistan is called Balti, an

archaic dialect of Tibetan language.

Gigliti and Shina is widely spoken in the area of Gilgit-Baltistan Province.

There are also other languages spoken Namely:• Punyali• Astori• Gurezi• Drasi• Chilasi• Brokpa

By Awais Riaz

ConclusionExcept the main four languages there are

also more than 300 dialects of different languages currently spoken in country being distinctly different from each other, as Pakistani society is largely multilingual, multi-ethnic and multicultural.

BibliographyBibliography

www.cotf.edu/earthinfo/sasia

en.wikipedia.org

Pakistan Studies for Intermediate Classes