msta121 sn10 lecture - … · • gluteus maximus, gluteus medius ... –cover the greater...
TRANSCRIPT
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MSTA121
www.endeavour.edu.au
Session 10
Muscular Anatomy of the
Axial Skeleton and
Lower Limb
Department of Myotherapy
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© Endeavour College of Natural Health www.endeavour.edu.au 2
Review:
Brisbane Myotherapy Studentso Brisbane and Gold Coast lecturers: Please again
take the time to review the status of the immunisation
process for all students enrolled in the Myotherapy
degree.
• Classify: Not yet begun / Has undertaken at least first
immunisation (Hep B) / Has undertaken second immunisation
(Hep B)/ Immunity documentation acquired
• Provide the list to your Senior Lecturer via email
o Students: If you have obtained your proof of immunity,
please upload this to the LMS under the assessments
tab
• (All non-Qld Myo students, please disregard)
Image: © Microsoft
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Review: Muscular Anatomy
o In groups of three, palpate and state the origin(s),
insertion(s) and actions of the following muscles:
• Trapezius
• Serratus anterior
• Masseter
• Sternocleidomastoid
o Which muscle(s) would you use for:
• Sticking your chin out stubbornly
• Stopping the scapula from ‘winging’
• Standing with your shoulders back
• Hunching your shoulders
• Holding a phone with your head and shoulder
Image: © Microsoft
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© Endeavour College of Natural Health www.endeavour.edu.au 4
Muscle Palpation
o For all assessable muscles palpated in this unit, you
must be able to:
1. Palpate the origin, insertion and belly
2. State the location of the origin and insertion
3. State the primary action(s) of the muscle
4. Effectively position and instruct your client to actively resist
movement using that muscle,
to cause contraction and
confirm palpation of the
correct muscle
Image: © Microsoft
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© Endeavour College of Natural Health www.endeavour.edu.au 5
Palpation of Muscles of the
Axial Skeleton and Lower Limbo By the end of this session, you should be able to
palpate the following muscles:
• Erector spinae (as a group)
• Quadratus lumborum
• Rectus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique and
transverse abdominis
• Iliacus and psoas
• Gluteus maximus, gluteus medius (and gluteus minimus)
Image: © Microsoft
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Erector Spinae
o In groups of 3, guided by your lecturer, palpate the
erector spinae as a group (p.196-199)
• Why are the erector spinae named this?
– What structures do the ES (as a group) run from/to?
• Which of the three lies closest to the spine? Which is furthest?
– Which has the most superior origin?
• Name three muscles that the ES are deep to
• What is the ligamentum nuchae and how does it relate to ES?
• What is the laminar groove and how does it relate to ES?
• Which actions do the ES have at the neck?
• Why is the fibre direction of the ES important?
• Are these the deepest muscles on the posterior spine?
(Biel, 2010)
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Erector Spinae
Image: (Laurent Lavi Lazzeresky, 2010; Jason Pier in DC, 2011)
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Erector Spinae
Image: (primenerd, 2012; Meg, 2010)
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Erector Spinae
o What other
muscles do you
recognise?
Image: (Braden Bunem, 2008)
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Quadratus Lumborum
o In groups of 3, with guidance from your lecturer,
palpate quadratus lumborum (p.207-208)
• This muscle is most __________ in the abdomen
• The medial portion is hidden under the ________
• What action does this muscle have during
forced exhalation?
• From which two positions is it best to
palpate this muscle?
– Which part is accessible during
palpation?
• QL can activate unilaterally or bilaterally.
What does this mean?
Image: (Nucleus Medical Media, 2014)
(Biel, 2010)
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Quadratus Lumborum
Image: (Biel, 2010)
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Quadratus Lumborum
Image: (Nucleus Medical Media, 2009a)
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The Abdominals
o In groups of 3, with guidance from your lecturer,
palpate rectus abdominis, internal oblique, external
oblique and transverse abdominis (p.209-212)
• Memory hint: The external oblique fibres run at a similar
angle to a hand in an outside suit pocket. The internal oblique
fibres run in a similar direction to a hand in an internal suit
pocket (with the suit buttoned up)
• Are the abdominals just found in the ‘stomach area? Explain
• List the abdominals from superficial to deep
• Why are there different types of sit-up exercises for working
rectus abdominis and the obliques?
• Which of the abdominals would help you most to recover
from a fast run?
(Biel, 2010)
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The Abdominals
Image: (Frank M. Rafik, 2007)
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The Abdominals
Image: (Elias Rovielo, 2010)
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The Abdominals
Image: (Biel, 2010)
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Iliacus and Psoas (Iliopsoas)
o In groups of 3, with guidance from your lecturer,
palpate the iliacus and psoas individually (p.332-335)
• Though ilacus and psoas are generally treated as one
muscle clinically, you will first palpate them separately
• What two major actions does iliopsoas have?
• Iliopsoas and QLs are famously nicknamed the “hidden
prankster” and the “joker of low back pain”. Why do you think
they would have these names?
• When we sit down for long periods of time, what is likely to
happen to iliopsoas?
• Name the origin and insertion of iliacus and psoas
– What is in common? What is different?
(Biel, 2010)
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Iliopsoas
Image: (Biel, 2010; Nucleus Medical Media, 2009b)
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Iliopsoas
Image: (Biel, 2010)
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The Gluteal Muscles
o In groups of 3, with guidance from your lecturer,
palpate the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius (and
gluteus minimus) (p.315-318)
• Which of the gluteals:
– Medially rotate the femur and which laterally rotate it?
– Insert onto the greater trochanter?
– Cover the greater trochanter?
• If gluteus medius was nicknamed ‘the jack of all trades’,
would this nickname be deserved? Explain
• How is it possible for different fibres to have different actions?
(Biel, 2010)
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Gluteal Muscles
Image: (James Yeo, 2007a; James Yeo, 2007b)
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Gluteal Muscles
Image: (Biel, 2010; Nucleus Medical Media, 2009c)
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Surface Anatomy of Pelvis
Image: (Biel, 2010)
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Surface and Bony Anatomy
Image: (Biel, 2010)
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Muscular Anatomy
Image: (Biel, 2010)
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Label the Muscles
A
B
C
D
Image: (Biel, 2010)
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Label the Muscles
D
E
F
G
A
B
C
Image: (Biel, 2010)
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Review and Preparation
o Complete these pages in the Trail Guide Workbook:
• 92-93
• 96-99
• 106,107, 110, 111
o Preview next week’s
muscles on the
trail guide video/DVD
Image: © Microsoft
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References
o Biel, A. (2010). Trail guide to the body (4th ed.). Colorado: Books of Discovery.
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Image References
o Biel, A. (2010). Trail guide to the body (4th ed.). Colorado: Books of Discovery.
o Braden Gunem. (2008). Manual Labourer [Image]. Retrieved September 10, 2014,
from https://flic.kr/p/6eS9M6
o Elias Rovielo. (2010). Abs. [Image]. Retrieved September 10, 2014, from
https://flic.kr/p/8PUG6K
o Frank M. Rafik. (2007). Capoeira- Mestre Mao Branca [Image]. Retrieved
September 10, 2014, from https://flic.kr/p/2RVCLh
o James Yeo. (2007a). Motor City Bodybuilding Mens [Image]. Retrieved September
10, 2014, from https://flic.kr/p/2znvTK
o James Yeo. (2007b). Motor City Bodybuilding Mens [Image]. Retrieved September
10, 2014, from https://flic.kr/p/2zrXT1
o Jason Pier in DC. (2011). Back Muscles [Image]. Retrieved September 1, 2014,
from https://flic.kr/p/9RK3Zs
o Laurent Lavì Lazzeresky. (2010). Mr Blonde [Image]. Retrieved September 1, 2014,
from https://flic.kr/p/8Nv3dg>
o Meg. (2010). Back B&W [Image]. Retrieved September 10, 2014, from
https://flic.kr/p/7TQWgg
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Image References
o Nucleus Medical Media. (2009a). Deep Muscles of the Back [Image]. Retrieved
September 10, 2014, from http://www.nucleusinc.com
o Nucleus Medical Media. (2009b). Male (Deep) Muscular System [Image]. Retrieved
September 10, 2014, from http://www.nucleusinc.com
o Nucleus Medical Media. (2009c). Anatomy of the Muscular System: Posterior View
[Image]. Retrieved September 10, 2014, from http://www.nucleusinc.com
o Nucleus Medical Media. (2014). Colourized X-ray Depicting Lumbar Vertebrae
[Image]. Retrieved September 10, 2014, from http://www.nucleusinc.com
o Primenerd. (2012). Back Light [Image]. Retrieved September 10, 2014, from
https://flic.kr/p/dVVJXY
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