RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Religion Ms. Britto

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Do Now: Where did Christianity start? How many believers does it have? What are the main beliefs?

SWBAT◦ Define the term universalizing religion and identify

the 3 main universalizing religions ◦ Understand the difference between a branch,

denomination, and a sect◦ Describe how Christianity has diffused and explain

major distribution patterns

AIM: Where are Christian denominations distributed?

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Universalizing: attempts to be global; appeal to people in every region ◦ Christianity◦ Islam◦ Buddhism

Universalizing Religions

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Branch: large and fundamental division within a religion

Denomination: division of a branch that unites a # of local congregations in a single and administrative body

Sect: relatively small group that has broken away from an established denomination

Breakdown of Universalizing Religions

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

2 billion Largest and most widespread distribution Predominant religion: North America, South

America, Europe, and Australia◦ Some majority-Christian countries also in Africa

and Asia

Christianity

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

What changes in distribution do you notice?

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

3 Major Branches Roman Catholic Protestant Orthodox

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

How did Christianity diffuse?

Hearth: Jerusalem Relocation: spread through the Roman

Empire’s roads by disciples Contagious: once within the Roman Empire

people spread it to the countryside Hierarchical: Emperor Constantine Relocation: European colonies/missionaries

in Americas/Africa and general migration

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Do Now: Is Islam a universal or ethnic religion? Where is it’s hearth? How many followers? 5 pillars?

SWBAT◦ Identify the hearth of Islam and describe it’s

current distribution◦ Describe how Islam diffused◦ Identify and compare/contrast the 2 branches on

Islam

AIM: Where is Islam distributed?

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

1.5 billion followers (2nd largest religion)

Northern Africa, SW Asia (Middle East), SE Asia ◦ Bangladesh,

Indonesia, India, and Pakistan have 50% of the world’s Muslims

Islam

AIM: Where is Islam Distributed? SWBAT describe Islam’s distribution

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

AIM: WHERE IS ISLAM DISTRIBUTED? SWBAT describe it’s distribution

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

AIM: WHERE IS ISLAM DISTRIBUTED?

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Estimated 2009

Muslim Population

Percentage of

Population that

is Muslim

Percentage ofWorld Muslim

Population

Indonesia 202,867,000 88.2% 12.9%

Pakistan 174,082,000 96.3 11.1

India 160,945,000 13.4 10.3

Bangladesh 145,312,000 89.6 9.3

Egypt 78,513,000 94.6 5.0

Nigeria 78,056,000 50.4 5.0

Iran 73,777,000 99.4 4.7

Turkey* 73,619,000 ~98 4.7

Algeria 34,199,000 98.0 2.2

Morocco* 31,993,000 ~99 ~2

* Data for Turkey and Morocco come primarily from general population surveys, which are less reliable than censuses or large-scale demographic and health surveys for estimating minority-majority ratios (see

Methodology). As a result, the percentage of the population that is Muslim in these two countries is rounded to the nearest integer.

Countries with the Largest Number of Muslims

AIM: WHERE IS ISLAM DISTRIBUTED?

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Traced to Abraham and his wives Follow Hagar and Ishmael Muhammad=founder Hearth: Mecca (and Medina) in Saudi Arabia Lingua franca=Arabic (Quran)

Origin of Islam

AIM: WHERE IS ISLAM DISTRIBUTED?SWBAT identify the hearth of Islam and describe the regions of the world where it is currently distributed

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Armies conquered large swaths of Africa, Asia, & Europe: relocation◦ Palestine, Persian or Ottoman Empire, India, Spain

Missionaries to Sub-Saharan Africa and SE Asia: relocation

Trade: relocation to Indonesia

Diffusion of Islam: Relocation

AIM: WHERE IS ISLAM DISTRIBUTED?SWBAT analyze how Islam diffused SWBAT describe the current distribution of Islam

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Sunnis: 83% Shiites: 16%

◦ Clustered in a handful of countries like Iran, Azerbaijan, Iraq

◦ Iran=90% Shiite

2 Branches

AIM: WHERE IS ISLAM DISTRIBUTEDSWABT identify and compare/contrast the two branches of Islam

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Europe: 5% of the population◦ France: 4 million

Legacy of colonialism ◦ Germany: 3 million

Migration from Turkey North America

◦ Nation of Islam-Black Muslims◦ Recent immigration

Growing Muslim Populations

AIM: where is Islam distributed?SWBAT identify the regions of the world where immigrants are currently located

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Compare/contrast ◦ Major beliefs◦ who should be the leader of Islam ◦ Role of the Imam/ayatollahs

Islam Handout and Venn Diagram

AIM: Where is Islam distributed?SWBAT compare and contrast the 2 branches of Islam

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Do Now: Who founded Buddhism? What religion did Buddhism come from? Where is the hearth?

SWBAT◦ identify the hearth of Buddhism ◦ describe the current distribution of Buddhism and

explain how it diffused◦ Evaluate the main beliefs of Buddhism

AIM: How did Buddhism diffuse?

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

4th largest religion ~488 million (disregard video stat)

◦ Informal institutions◦ Can be Buddhist and another religion

Distribution: China and SE Asia Major Beliefs: 4 Noble Truths

Buddhism

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Founder: Siddartha Gautama Hearth: Northeastern India (border with

Nepal) Buddha=“awakened or enlightened one”

Origins

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Mahayana◦ 56%◦ China, Japan, and Korea

Theravada◦ 38%◦ Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand

Tantrayana◦ 6%◦ Tibet and Mongolia

Buddhism Branches

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Comparing the 2 biggest branches Theravada=the way of

the elders◦ Oldest branch◦ Buddhism requires a full-

time occupation; must become a monk

◦ Emphasis on wisdom

Mahayana=the bigger ferry◦ Split 2,000 years ago◦ Less demanding=more

inclusive◦ Self-help and reflection◦ Emphasis on passion

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Slow diffusion Hierarchical: Asoka, the emperor of the

Magadhan Empire converts Relocation: Asoka sends missionaries to Sri

Lanka, Kashmir, Burma Relocation: trade routes spread Buddhism

to China and then to Korea and Japan

Diffusion

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Four Noble Truths Eightfold Path

Complete the handout with a partner to better understand the main beliefs of Buddhism

Main Beliefs Handout

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Focus on Indo-European Family How did English originate? How did it

spread? Why is English the lingua franca? Why is Swahili so important? How do creole languages form? Why do people attempt to revive minority

languages?

Quiz tomorrow on language

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Do Now: Prepare for Quiz

SWBAT◦ Describe the hearth, distribution, and main beliefs

of Hinduism◦ Compare and contrast Buddhism and Hinduism ◦ Define the term ethnic religion ◦ Demonstrate mastery of the language topic

through a summative assessment

AIM: What are the main beliefs of Hinduism?

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Appeals to one group of people living in one place

Limited or no diffusion!◦ Do not seek converts/send missionaries◦ The growth of universal religions is generally at

the expense of ethnic religions

Ethnic Religions

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

No specific founder◦ History dates back to pre-recorded time

Aryans brought Hinduism to India in 1400 B.C.

Individualized form of worship No central organization Polytheistic

Hinduism

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

Braham: one unifying spirit Reincarnation Karma

◦ Determines caste

Hinduism Beliefs

RH.11-12.1; RH.11-12.2, RH.11-12.4

900m-1 billion followers◦ 3rd largest religion

97% of Hindus in India◦ Many of the remaining 3% are found in Nepal

Hinduism Distribution