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12/14/13 Mrunal » [Answerkey] CSAT 2013 GS: Geography: Physical, Indian, World Geography Questions solved with explanation, reference, all four sets (A,B,C,D) …

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[Answerkey] CSAT 2013 GS: Geography: Physical, Indian, World GeographyQuestions solved with explanation, reference, all four sets (A,B,C,D)

1. Prologue

2. Geography: Internal breakup

1. World Geography

2. Atlas Mountain Ranges

3. Nomadic herders

3. Indian geography (6Qs)

1. Narmada

2. Mica, Petrol and Gas

3. Coal, Indian

4. Agro related (2Q)

1. Laterite Soil

2. Crop seasons

5. Tribals of India

4. PHYSICAL Geography (5Qs)

1. Knight and Day

2. Fresh Water

3. Thunderstorm

4. Temperature: Coastal vs Interior

5. Earth dynamic changes?

Prologue

14 out of 100 MCQs in CSAT 2013 were from Geography. Last year it was 11.Majority of the question can be solved directly from standard referencebooks/sources for Geography viz.

NCERTNIOSGeneral studies ManualIndian Geography by Majid Hussein

Within Indian geography, agro related Qs. receive attention, just like last year.Within Physical geography, ocean, temperature related Qs, just like last year.World Geography continues to receive low-priority (Although world geographyshould not be completely ignored in preparation because Mains 2013 doescontain topics from World Geography.)Nothing from current affairs.

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Geography: Internal breakup

World 2

Indian* 6

Physical 6

Total 14

*Qs related to National parks, wildlife etc. classified under EnB (environment andbiodiversity).

World Geography (2Qs)

Atlas Mountain Ranges

1. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?

a. Abyssinian Plateau : Arabiab. Atlas Mountains : North-Western Africac. Guiana Highlands : South-Western Africad. Okavango Basin : Patagonia

In the school atlas, check the physical map of Africa. You’ll see Atlas mountain rangein the Top-left corner (=north Western) => Answer B is correct.

Regarding other choices:

1. Abyssinian plateau is in Ethiopia (in Africa)2. Guiana Highland= In South America3. Okavango basin/swamp= In Southern part of in Africa.



Hence final answer (B) Atlas Mountains : North-Western Africa.

Nomadic herders

2. “Climate is extreme, rainfall is scanty and the people used to be nomadicherders.” The above statement best describes which of the following regions?

a. African Savannahb. Central Asian Steppec. North American Prairied. Siberian Tundra

let’s consider the options

African Savannah

Doesn’t fit the description of “Climate is extreme, rainfall is scanty”

Siberian Tundra?

as per NIOS Geography material, chapter.16 Life In The High LatitudesExtreme climate= yesLow precipitation =yes.Nomadic life = yesbut they’re not nomadic “herders”. Their primary occupation is hunting andfishing.

Central Asian Steppe

as per NIOS Geography material, chapter.15 Life In The Mid Latitudesextreme climate= yeslow precipitation =yes.Nomadic life= yes. The mid-latitude (Central Asian) grassland were once hometo pastoral nomads like Kirgiz, Kazakh and Kalmuks.

North American Prairie?

as per NIOS Geography material, chapter.15 Life In The Mid Latitudesextreme climate= yeslow precipitation =yes.nomadic life? = No. The farmers here use mechanized equipment and do wheatcultivation on large scale.

Hence answer B) Central Asian Steppe

Indian geography (6Qs)



Physical Geography of India (Narmada) 1

Minerals and Energy related 2

Agro related 2

Human Geography (Tribals) 1

Total 6

Narmada

Q. The Narmada river flows to the west, while most other large peninsularrivers flow to the east. Why?

1. It occupies a linear rift valley.2. It flows between the Vindhyas and the Satpuras.3. The land slopes to the west from Central India.

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

a. 1 onlyb. 2 and 3c. 1 and 3d. None

Refer to NCERT 11th standard, Geography, 3rd chapter, page number 27. It saysNarmada and Tapi flow through rift valleys caused due to the upheaval ofHimalayas.Also it is given in the last line of the page as it flows through the rift valley withthe Satpura in south and Vindhyas in the north. But there is no option for 1 & 2.We can consider maybe that flowing between the ranges may not cause the riverto flow west and it is only a fact.Refer to NCERT Class 9 Contemporary India textbook, chapter 2, page number10. It gives the contours of the Indian physical systems. We can see thatNarmada is flowing through the area where the land is not sloping towards thewest from central India, but it is flowing west because of the rift valleys only.



Hence answer (A) Only 1

Mica, Petrol and Gas

1. Consider the following statements:

1. Natural gas occurs in the Gondwana beds.2. Mica occurs in abundance in Kodarma.3. Dharwars are famous for petroleum.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a. 1 and 2b. 2 onlyc. 2 and 3d. None

Refer to level 2 Q6 in Pearson’s General Studies Manual (2011), all three statementsare directly lifted.

http://books.google.co.in/books?id=WuBFs6yFRwcC&pg=RA2-PA35&lpg=RA2-PA35

And as per Thorpe (author of the Manual) only Mica-Kordema Statement is correct.

http://books.google.co.in/books?id=WuBFs6yFRwcC&pg=RA2-PA55&lpg=RA2-PA35&ots=r3dPt0txsL

Statement T/F? Why?

1. Natural gas



occurs intheGondwanabeds.

FalseGondwana beds = coal deposits (and not naturalgas.) (Majid)

2. Mica occursin abundancein Kodarma.

True

TMH General Studies manual, Ch. Indian and WorldGeography, page 127Kodarma mines in Jharkhand are one of theimportant mica producing areasAnother reference is Indian Geogrpahy, MajidHussain Page 7.18 The main center of micaproduction in Jharkhand and Bihar are Kodarma,Dhorhakola.

3. Dharwarsare famousforpetroleum.

FalseDharwar = district in Karnataka. Not related withpetroleum.

Hence answer: (B) only 2.

Coal, Indian

Which of the following is / are the characteristic/ characteristics of Indiancoal?

1. High ash content2. Low sulphur content3. Low ash fusion temperature


a. 1 and 2 onlyb. 2 onlyc. 1 and 3 onlyd. 1, 2 and 3

Standard reference books (NCERT, NIOS, TMH, Majid) are silent about low ashfusion temperature of Indian coal, hence time to dig internet.

As per an article published in Frontline (2008),

most significant characteristic of Indian coal is its high ashcontent

1st statement iscorrect

http://www.frontline.in/navigation/?type=static&page=flonnet&rdurl=fl2522/stories/20081107252205000.htm



However, Indian coal’s sulphur content is low, about 0.5 percent.

2nd statement iscorrect

high ash fusion temperature of about 1,500 C. 3rd statement is false

Final answer A: only 1 and 2 correct.

Agro related (2Q)

Laterite Soil

1. Which of the following statements regarding laterite soils of India arecorrect?

1. They are generally red in colour.2. They are rich in nitrogen and potash.3. They are well-developed in Rajasthan and UP.4. Tapioca and cashew nuts grow well on these soils.


a. 1, 2 and 3b. 2, 3 and 4c. 1 and 4d. 2 and 3 only

Indian Geography, Majid Hussain Chapter: Page 6.8

Laterite soils are rich in iron and aluminum but poor in nitrogen, potash, potassium,lime and organic matter. Hence Statement #2 is wrong. Eliminate all answer choicescontaining statement #2.

a. 1, 2 and 3b. 2, 3 and 4c. 1 and 4d. 2 and 3 only

Thus we are left with final answer C: only 1 and 4.

Another approach is via NIOS Geography Chapter 19, Page 401

Laterite soil commonly found in areas of high altitude and heavy rainfall in Karnataka,TN, MP, Bihar, Orissa, Assam and Meghalaya. Hence Rajasthan doesn’t fit the bill. So,Eliminate choice involving Statement#3 and you’re still left with answer C.

Crop seasons



2. Consider the following crops

1. Cotton2. Groundnut3. Rice4. Wheat

Which of these are Kharif crops?

a. 1 and 4b. 2 and 3 onlyc. 1, 2 and 3d. 2, 3 and 4

Refer NCERT Class 12 Geography (India People and Economy), Chapter 5, Page no –44

Kharif Rice, cotton, jute, juwar, bajra and tur

Rabi Wheat, gram, mustard

Hence answer must contain both Cotton (#1) and Rice (#3). And answer must notcontain Wheat(#4).

Now start eliminating options

a. 1 and 4 (because 3 is missing)b. 2 and 3 only (because 1 is missing)c. 1, 2 and 3d. 2, 3 and 4 (because contains 4)

Thus we are left with final answer C: 1, 2 and 3.

Tribals of India

Consider the following pairs :

1. Limboo (Limbu) : Sikkim2. Karbi : Himachal Pradesh3. Dongaria : Odisha4. Bonda : Tamil Nadu

Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?

a. 1 and 3 onlyb. 2 and 4 onlyc. 1, 3 and 4 onlyd. 1, 2, 3 and 4



As per the article that appeared in The Hindu in Feb 2012,

Bonda are the most primitive tribal groups in Odisha. According to Census 2011, theBonda tribe has a population of less than 12,000. Therefore, statement #4 is wrong,because it links Bonda with Tamilnadu. Eliminate answer choices involving #4

a. 1 and 3 onlyb. 2 and 4 onlyc. 1, 3 and 4 onlyd. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Thus, final answer (A): 1 and 3 only.

PHYSICAL Geography (5Qs)

Knight and Day

Variations in the length of daytime and night time from season to season are dueto

a. the earth’s rotation on its axisb. the earth’s revolution round the sun in an elliptical mannerc. latitudinal position of the placed. revolution of the earth on a tilted axis

As per TMH General studies manual, Chapter Indian and World Geography, page 9

had the axis of earth been perfectly perpendicular to the plane of ecliptic, the sunrayswould have been verticle over the equator all the year round and amount of energyreceived at any place would have remained constant throughout the year; hence nochange of seasons. Also in that situation, the days and nights all over the earthwould have been exactly equal throughout the year as it happens at the time ofequinoxes.

Hence answer (D)

Fresh Water

On the planet earth, most of the freshwater exists as ice caps and glaciers. Outof the remaining freshwater, the largest proportion

a. is found in atmosphere as moisture and cloudsb. is found in freshwater lakes and riversc. exists as groundwaterd. exists as soil moisture

Refer to NCERT Class 11 Physical Geography, Ch.13, page 113

http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/voyeuristic-tribal-tourism-continues-in-odisha/article2929185.ece


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Reservoir Percentage of the Total

1. Oceans 97.25

2. Ice Caps and Glaciers 2.05

3. Groundwater 0.68

4. Lakes 0.01

5. Soil Moisture 0.005

6. Atmosphere 0.001

7. Streams and Rivers 0.0001

8. Biosphere 0.00004

Hence answer is (C) exists as groundwater.

Thunderstorm

During a thunderstorm, the thunder in the skies is produced by the

1. meeting of cumulonimbus clouds in the sky2. lightning that separates the nimbus clouds3. violent upward movement of air and water particles


a. 1 onlyb. 2 and 3c. 1 and 3d. None of the above produces the thunder

The question is about cause of thunder during a thunderstorm (and not the cause ofthunderstorm itself).

As per Britannica

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/594363/thunderstorm



Thunder is the sound caused by a lightning discharge.Lightning heats the air in its path and causes a large over-pressure of the airwithin its channel.The channel expands supersonically into the surrounding air as a shock wave andcreates an acoustic signal that is heard as thunder.

So is the answer D=none of above.

by the way if we take #2 is correct (lightening that separates numbus clouds), thereis no option saying “only 2”.=> hence D

Temperature: Coastal vs Interior

The annual range of temperature in the interior of the continents is high ascompared to coastal areas. What is / are the reason / reasons?

1. Thermal difference between land and water.2. Variation in altitude between continents and oceans.3. Presence of strong winds in the interior4. Heavy rains in the interior as compared to coasts.

A. 1 onlyB. 1 and 2 onlyC. 2 and 3 onlyD. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Debatable. first let’s check the statements that can be validated or rejected with surety:

Statement #1= correct

As per NIOS Geography, Ch5, Page 99

Continentality or distance from sea

water is bad conductor of heat. Due to this moderating effect of the sea, placesnear coast have low range of temperature and high humidity.The places in the interior of continent do not experience moderating effects ofsea. These places have extreme temperature. => Statement #1 is correct.This eliminates answer choice C, because it doesn’t contain #1.

Statement #4= wrong

Statement 4 claims that Heavy rains in the interior as compared to coasts (areresponsible for why annual range of temperature in the interior of the continentsis high)But the interiors in Central Asia, receive very poor rainfall due to distance fromsea. Annual precipitation is usually low in the interior areas. Hence #4 cannot be



generalized.This eliminates choice D, because it contains #4. Thus we are left with twochoices A and B.

A. 1 onlyB. 1 and 2 only

So final answer boils down to whether statement #2 is right or wrong?

Relook at the question: it asks about why “annual range of temperature” is high ininterior areas.

ok then, first What is annual range of temperature (ART)?

Ans. It is the difference between mean temperature of the warmest and the coldestmonths.

We know that Shimla and Jalandhar are located @same latitude yet Shimla iscooler than Jalandhar because of difference in altitude. As we move up in themountains, temperature goes down. but that is to justify difference in ARTbetween two land-places.otherwise, if we look @the map showing ART in Costal vs Interior areas (see themap)



Observe that Western Ghats and Himalayas have lower ART compared to coastalareas in TN and Andhra, Goa and Kerala coast.Therefore, Variation in altitude between continents and oceans= not the validexplanation for given question.

Hence #2 is wrong, answer= (A) only 1. (or debatable (B))

Earth dynamic changes?

Consider the following:

1. Electromagnetic radiation2. Geothermal energy3. Gravitational force4. Plate movements



5. Rotation of the earth6. Revolution of the earth

Which of the above are responsible for bringing dynamic changes on the surface of theearth?

A. 1, 2, 3 and 4 onlyB. 1, 3, 5 and 6 onlyC. 2, 4, 5 and 6 onlyD. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6

lolz, Debatable on what exactly is meant by “dynamic” changes on earth surface andhow far we drag the logic about factors responsible such dynamic change.

Viewpoint #1: A is correct

if you consider the tides that cause coastal erosion =dynamic change on earth’ssurface. Then tides occur due to gravitational pull of the Moon=> #3 is right.earthquake =brings dynamic change on earth surface=>#4 plate movements isright.volcanos= brings dynamic change on earth surface=>#2 geothermal energymovements is right.Electromagnetic radiation, rotation, revolution cause seasonal changesRotation =Responsible for day and night- cannot bring ‘dynamic changes’ toearth’s surface. So #5 is wrong (or implausible).Answer should contain 2,3,4 but not 5. only one such option=A: 1, 2, 3 and 4only

Viewpoint #2: D is correct

revolution of earth = responsible for seasons. And Heavy monsoon =>landslides and soil erosion= dynamic change to surface. hence #6 must be in theanswer. Therefore viewpoint #1 is wrong when it says #5 is wrong.final answer should be (D)= all six

Viewpoint #3: C is correct

Electromagnetic radiation from Sun=> causes rainfall and snow melting=soilerosion=dynamic change to earth’s surface but it is a farfetched argument interms of cause and effect because you’ve to factor in greenhouse gases,deforestation etc. Same goes for gravitational force, hence 1 and 3 are false,final answer (C) 2, 4, 5 and 6 only.

anyways, final arbitrator is official answerkey of UPSC.

Answerkeys for remaining topics, coming soon + thanks Mr. Manu Jha (मन ुझा) and



Mr.Shiva Ram for providing help.

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Posted By Mrunal On 02/06/2013 @ 22:04 In the category answerkey

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