Mr OwenICCS Middle School

7th grade American History

Sound #1

Sound #2

Sound #3

Close your eyes and listen to these sounds. Write down a few words to describe them.

Columbus sailed the ocean blue; but everyone knows that. What was the world like before 1500 though? The answer is “very different from today” and “very different from each other.”

There were 3 very different areas of the world at this time that were all about to ‘discover’ each other. They were◦ Societies in the Americas◦ Societies in Africa◦ Societies in Europe

Vocabulary:◦ Societies

Sedentary – groups of people that live in one place Non-sedentary – groups that move around; nomads Semi-sedentary – groups that stay in one place but move

every few years◦ Cultures

Maya – civilization in Mesoamerica (200-900 AD) Inca – civilization in Peru (ended around 1500 AD) Aztec - civilization in Mexico (ended around 1500 AD) Pueblo – builders of great mud-brick cities

◦ Places Mesoamerica – a region that stretches from Mexico to

Nicaragua; also called Central America

Who: not known for sure but probably people from Asia

What: the first people to come to the Americas

When: between 15,000 and 35,000 years ago Where: a land bridge between Russia and

Alaska Why: probably looking for or following food

and shelter How: crossed over a land bridge and is not

there anymore

Who: Maya What: a great, complex society When: 200-900 AD; before Europeans arrived Where: Mesoamerica Why & How: No one is sure what happened

to the Mayas but they were gone before Columbus arrived; some people blame lack of food, disease, warfare or political revolt. They left behind cities with giant temples, vast market places and many other buildings

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Societies devolved in other places after the Mayas.◦ Inca and Aztecs in South and Central America Many different groups across North America such as:

Inuit - Alaska Pueblo – southwest US (Arizona, New Mexico) Iroquois & Algonquin – Northeast (from Michigan to New

York) These societies had spread out all over the

Americas; just waiting to be ‘discovered’ since the ‘first people.

These societies interacted and traded with each other but they HAD NO CONTACT with Europe, Africa or Asia before 1500

F

Content Review: page 9◦ Only answer questions 3, 5 & 7.

You will have to think about #7 on your own Vocabulary for Ch 1 sec 2 on page 12 on

note cards

Finally, I would like to the start keeping a log of the food you eat during the week◦ WRITE EVERYTHING DOWN!

Vocabulary:◦ Places

Sahara - a large desert in northern Africa Ghana - a west African kingdom Mali – a west African kingdom Kongo – a central African kingdom Savanna – flat grasslands with few trees and many

animals◦ Religion

Islam – a religion founded by a prophet Muhammad that believes in one god, Allah

Muslim – someone who practices Islam

Africa has 3 large geographic zones◦ The Sahara desert◦ Congo rain forest◦ The Savanna

Each of these zones affects how people live

The northern coast also trades with Europe a lot

Who: kingdoms of Ghana & Mali and later Kongo & Ndongo

What: large complex societies When: before 1200 AD to 1400 Where: west Africa How: Though separated geographically, many

African societies engaged in travel and trade with Europe and Asia. Islam was also introduced this way

Why: African kingdoms had things like gold and salt that Europeans wanted leading to trade

Many of these African Kingdoms were only a few 100 people and not very large

They competed for land and resources, often going to war

Defeated enemies would sometimes be captured as slaves◦ When the Europeans arrived in the late 1400s

they would begin to buy these captured enemy slaves

Section assessment questions on page 15, # 4,5, & 6

Chapter 1 Section 3 vocab on page 16 on note cards or in notes

Keep writing in your food log

Vocabulary◦ Events

Great Famine - a shortage of food that killed Europeans Black Death – deadly disease that killed Europeans in 1400s Renaissance – time of increased interest in learning and the

arts◦ Religion

Reformation – religious movement that divided the Christian church

Catholics – members of the Christian church of Rome Protestants – Christians that broke away from Roman

church◦ Technology

Printing press - ~1440 a device that printed pages mechanically

The 1400s were a bad time in Europe. Catastrophes such as the Black Death,

Great Famine and 100 Years War killed millions of Europeans

Many people left the countryside and move to cities for safety and food

This made cities and trade much more important

What: a split in the Christian Church Who: Martin Luther; Catholics vs. Protestants When: 1500s; 1517 Luther’s 95 Theses Where: Europe How: Luther was a religious thinker who

disagreed with some church teachings. The printing press helps spread new ideas

Why: Many people began to question the role of the church and thought that some of it’s leaders were corrupt

Because trade had become more important Europeans needed to expand◦ Sailors and explorers began to look for new routes

to places like Africa, India and China

One ID form from this chapter:◦ First people in the Americas◦ African Kingdoms◦ Reformation

Chapter 2 section 1 vocab on page 26 on note cards or in notes

Keep doing food log

Who: Inca and Aztec civilizations What: large complex societies in Central

and South America When: both were large before the 1500s

(Columbus’ arrival) Where: Inca in Peru; Aztec in Mexico Why & How: these 2 societies built large

cities much like Europe would have looked a 1000 years before with large buildings, roads, and simple technology

Who: Inuit, Pueblo, Iroquois & Algonquin What: Native American tribes When: at the time of Columbus’ arrival (1500) Where: present day US

Inuit - Alaska Pueblo – southwest US (Arizona, New Mexico) Iroquois & Algonquin – Northeast (from Michigan to New York)

Why: from the time of the first people, societies had spread out all over the Americas; just waiting to be ‘discovered’

How they lived: all these societies interacted and traded with each other but they HAD NO CONTACT with Europe, Africa or Asia before 1500