Moving to the CityMoving to the City

Chapter 20, Section 2Chapter 20, Section 2

Pgs. 590-595Pgs. 590-595

TenementTenement

A building where several families A building where several families rented rooms. It is an apartment rented rooms. It is an apartment building in the slums. It has small, building in the slums. It has small, dark rooms.dark rooms.

SlumsSlums

Poor, run-down urban neighborhoodsPoor, run-down urban neighborhoods

SuburbSuburb

Residential areas Residential areas that sprang up that sprang up outside of city outside of city centers as a centers as a result of result of improvements in improvements in transportation.transportation.

Middle-class Middle-class families were families were able to move to able to move to these locations.these locations.

The Gilded AgeThe Gilded Age

Gilded refers to something covered Gilded refers to something covered with a thin layer of gold.with a thin layer of gold.

The Gilded Age refers to the The Gilded Age refers to the extravagant wealth of the time and extravagant wealth of the time and the terrible poverty that lay the terrible poverty that lay underneath.underneath.

Settlement HouseSettlement House Located in poor Located in poor

neighborhoods.neighborhoods. Provided medical care, Provided medical care,

playgrounds, nurseries, and playgrounds, nurseries, and libraries as well as classes libraries as well as classes in English, music, and arts in English, music, and arts and crafts.and crafts.

Settlement workers tried to Settlement workers tried to get better police protection, get better police protection, garbage removal and public garbage removal and public parks for poor districts.parks for poor districts.

Cities Become PopularCities Become Popular

Immigrants made up 80% or more of Immigrants made up 80% or more of the population in 1890.the population in 1890.

Americans moved to cities in search Americans moved to cities in search of jobs.of jobs.

African Americans moved to cities to African Americans moved to cities to find jobs and escape discrimination.find jobs and escape discrimination.

Railroads made the movement to Railroads made the movement to cities easier.cities easier.

Urban ProblemsUrban Problems

OvercrowdingOvercrowding Garbage and horse manure in the Garbage and horse manure in the

streetsstreets Sewers overflowing with human wasteSewers overflowing with human waste Disease spread rapidlyDisease spread rapidly FireFire PovertyPoverty CrimeCrime

Tenement LifeTenement Life

Small, dark roomsSmall, dark rooms Three, four, or more people shared a Three, four, or more people shared a

roomroom Several families sharing a cold-water Several families sharing a cold-water

tap and a toilet.tap and a toilet. Few tenements had hot water or Few tenements had hot water or

bathtubsbathtubs

Settlement HousesSettlement Houses

The most famous was Hull House.The most famous was Hull House. Hull House was founded by Jane Hull House was founded by Jane

AddamsAddams In a settlement house the poor could In a settlement house the poor could

receive the following services.receive the following services.– Medical careMedical care– Safe playgrounds for their childrenSafe playgrounds for their children– NurseriesNurseries– LibrariesLibraries– English, music and arts and crafts classesEnglish, music and arts and crafts classes

Improvements in Improvements in TransportationTransportation

Trolley carsTrolley cars SubwaysSubways Steel bridgesSteel bridges Cable carsCable cars Paved streetsPaved streets Helped people travel within citiesHelped people travel within cities Allowed suburbs to grow along train Allowed suburbs to grow along train

and trolley linesand trolley lines

Efforts of Religious GroupsEfforts of Religious Groups

Organized help for orphanages, Organized help for orphanages, prisons, hospitalsprisons, hospitals

Established recreation centers like Established recreation centers like the YMCA or YWCA.the YMCA or YWCA.

Efforts to Improve CitiesEfforts to Improve Cities

Settlement house workers tried to get Settlement house workers tried to get better police protection, garbage better police protection, garbage removal.removal.

The “City Beautiful” movement The “City Beautiful” movement designed and built public parks.designed and built public parks.

The building of skyscrapers to The building of skyscrapers to maximize space.maximize space.

The improvements on mass The improvements on mass transportationtransportation

New Forms of New Forms of TransportationTransportation

The first subway was opened in The first subway was opened in Boston, Massachusetts.Boston, Massachusetts.

The first steel bridge in New York City The first steel bridge in New York City was the Brooklyn Bridge.was the Brooklyn Bridge.