Motivation Theories Presentation: Classical and Operant Conditioning

B.F. Skinnero Born on March 20, 1904

o Behaviorist

o Psychologist

Behabiroal learning Solutions LLC. (n.d.). Behavioral Learning Solutions. [Picture of B. F. Skinner]. Retrieved from http://blsolutionsaba.org/aba

Skinner’s Operant Conditioningo Operant Conditioning- Behavior is determined by rewards and

punishments.

o Behavior Developing

o Authored:

Walden II (1948)

The Behavior of Organisms (1938)

Beyond Freedom & Dignity (1971)

Operant Conditioning

Instrumental habituation

Skinnerian Conditioning

External remarks

Environmental influences

Learned Behaviors

Rewards

Punishments

Conduct

Outcome

Support

Positive Reinforcement

Operant Conditioning and Behaviors

COMPONENTS OF OPERANT CONDITIONING Reinforcer

Optimistic Reinforcer

increases Behavior

Punishment

Negative Punishment

Negative Reinforcers

Reduces Behavior

Ivan Pavlov Born on September 14,1849

In1879, he was awarded a gold metal

Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning Findings in experimental medicine

Habituated reflexes

Classical conditioning

Classical Conditioning Unconditioned stimulus

Unconditioned response

Conditioned stimulus

Conditioned response

Classical Conditioning Ivan Pavlov

Pavlov’s dog

John B. Watson

Little Albert

Operant Conditioning-Various Behaviors

Possible Consequences:

A good thing can be presented or started

A good thing can be ended or taken away

A bad thing can be presented or started

A bad thing can be ended or taken away

Human Behaviors- Consequences can go after at a later time.

Animal Behaviors- Consequences have to be followed right away

Technical Terms

Positive

• Negative

• Reinforcer

Punishment

Classical Conditioning-Various Behaviors Involuntary Responses- Produces or reduces adrenaline

Decreasing behavior

• Extinguishing

• Counter-conditioning

• Eradicate response to the stimuli

• Substituting the response

• Fatigue

Increasing Behavior• Frequent practice and positive reinforcement

• Stronger reinforcement