Motivation and LearningMotivation and Learning

Work Preference Inventory:Work Preference Inventory:

Intrinsic & Extrinsic MotivationIntrinsic & Extrinsic Motivation

Respond to each of the items using the scale below. Respond to each of the items using the scale below. Write your answers to the left of each item Write your answers to the left of each item

using the following scale.using the following scale.

1 (never or almost never true of me) 1 (never or almost never true of me)

2 2

3 3

4 (always or almost always true of me)4 (always or almost always true of me)

Number your paper from 1-30.Number your paper from 1-30.Respond to each of the items using the scale below. Respond to each of the items using the scale below.

Write your answers by each item number.Write your answers by each item number.(Never/almost never true of me)(Never/almost never true of me) 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 (Always/almost always true of me)(Always/almost always true of me)

___   1.   I am not that concerned about what other people ___   1.   I am not that concerned about what other people think of me.think of me.

___   2.   I prefer having someone set clear goals for me in my ___   2.   I prefer having someone set clear goals for me in my work.work.

___   3.   The more difficult the problem, the more I enjoy ___   3.   The more difficult the problem, the more I enjoy trying to solve it.trying to solve it.

___   4.   I am keenly aware of the goals I have for getting good ___   4.   I am keenly aware of the goals I have for getting good grades.grades.

___   5.   I want my work to provide me with opportunities for ___   5.   I want my work to provide me with opportunities for increasing my knowledge and skills.increasing my knowledge and skills.

Respond to each of the items using the scale below. Respond to each of the items using the scale below. Write your answers by each item number.Write your answers by each item number.

(Never/almost never true of me)(Never/almost never true of me) 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 (Always/almost always true of me)(Always/almost always true of me)

___   6.   To me, success means doing better than other ___   6.   To me, success means doing better than other people.people.

___   7.   I prefer to figure things out for myself.___   7.   I prefer to figure things out for myself.

___   8.   No matter what the outcome of a project, I am ___   8.   No matter what the outcome of a project, I am satisfied if I feel I gained a new experience.satisfied if I feel I gained a new experience.

___   9.    I enjoy relatively simple, straightforward tasks.___   9.    I enjoy relatively simple, straightforward tasks.

___   10.    I am keenly aware of the GPA goals I have for ___   10.    I am keenly aware of the GPA goals I have for myself.myself.

Respond to each of the items using the scale below. Respond to each of the items using the scale below. Write your answers by each item number.Write your answers by each item number.

(Never/almost never true of me)(Never/almost never true of me) 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 (Always/almost always true of me)(Always/almost always true of me)

___   11.    Curiosity is the driving force behind much of what I ___   11.    Curiosity is the driving force behind much of what I do.do.

___   12.    I’m less concerned with what work I do than what I ___   12.    I’m less concerned with what work I do than what I get for it.get for it.

___   13.    I enjoy tackling problems that are completely new ___   13.    I enjoy tackling problems that are completely new to me.to me.

___   14.    I prefer work I know I can do well over work that ___   14.    I prefer work I know I can do well over work that stretches my abilities.stretches my abilities.

___   15.    I’m concerned about how other people are going to ___   15.    I’m concerned about how other people are going to react to my ideas.react to my ideas.

Respond to each of the items using the scale below. Respond to each of the items using the scale below. Write your answers by each item number.Write your answers by each item number.

(Never/almost never true of me)(Never/almost never true of me) 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 (Always/almost always true of me)(Always/almost always true of me)

___   16.    I seldom think about grades and awards.___   16.    I seldom think about grades and awards.

___   17.    I’m more comfortable when I get to set my own ___   17.    I’m more comfortable when I get to set my own goals.goals.

___   18.    I believe there is no point in doing a good job if ___   18.    I believe there is no point in doing a good job if nobody else knows about it.nobody else knows about it.

___   19.    I am strongly motivated by the grades I can earn.___   19.    I am strongly motivated by the grades I can earn.

___   20.    It is important for me to be able to do what I most ___   20.    It is important for me to be able to do what I most enjoy.enjoy.

Respond to each of the items using the scale below. Respond to each of the items using the scale below. Write your answers by each item number.Write your answers by each item number.

(Never/almost never true of me)(Never/almost never true of me) 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 (Always/almost always true of me)(Always/almost always true of me)

___  21.    I prefer working on projects with clearly specified ___  21.    I prefer working on projects with clearly specified procedures.procedures.

___ 22.    As long as I can do what I enjoy, I’m not that ___ 22.    As long as I can do what I enjoy, I’m not that concerned about exactly what grades or awards I can earn.concerned about exactly what grades or awards I can earn.

___  23.    I enjoy doing work that is so absorbing that I forget ___  23.    I enjoy doing work that is so absorbing that I forget about everything else.about everything else.

___  24.    I am strongly motivated by the recognition I can ___  24.    I am strongly motivated by the recognition I can earn from other people.earn from other people.

___  25.    I have to feel that I’m earning something for what I ___  25.    I have to feel that I’m earning something for what I do.do.

Respond to each of the items using the scale below. Respond to each of the items using the scale below. Write your answers by each item number.Write your answers by each item number.

(Never/almost never true of me)(Never/almost never true of me) 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 (Always/almost always true of me)(Always/almost always true of me)

___   26.    I enjoy trying to solve complex problems.___   26.    I enjoy trying to solve complex problems.

___   27.    It is important for me to have an outlet for self-___   27.    It is important for me to have an outlet for self-expression.expression.

___   28.    I want to find out how good I really can be at my ___   28.    I want to find out how good I really can be at my work.work.

___   29.    I want other people to find out how good I really can ___   29.    I want other people to find out how good I really can be at my work.be at my work.

___   30.    What matters most to me is enjoying what I do. ___   30.    What matters most to me is enjoying what I do.

(never or almost never true of me) (never or almost never true of me) 1 2 3 41 2 3 4 (always or almost always true of me) (always or almost always true of me)

Score yourself as follows:Score yourself as follows:

Intrinsic MotivationIntrinsic Motivation::

Reverse scores for items 9 and 14Reverse scores for items 9 and 14

Add the scores for these items: Add the scores for these items: 3+5+7+8+9+11+13+14+17+20+23+26+27+28+303+5+7+8+9+11+13+14+17+20+23+26+27+28+30

Higher scores indicate higher levels of intrinsic Higher scores indicate higher levels of intrinsic motivation (raw score M = 45 for sample) motivation (raw score M = 45 for sample)

Mean score for total sample: 2.99 (Sd=.37)Mean score for total sample: 2.99 (Sd=.37)

Mean score for male sample = 2.99 (Sd=.37)Mean score for male sample = 2.99 (Sd=.37)

Mean score for female sample = 2.99 (Sd=.37)Mean score for female sample = 2.99 (Sd=.37)

(never or almost never true of me) (never or almost never true of me) 1 2 3 41 2 3 4 (always or almost always true of me) (always or almost always true of me)

Extrinsic MotivationExtrinsic Motivation::

Reverse scores for items 1, 16, and 22Reverse scores for items 1, 16, and 22

Add the scores for these items: Add the scores for these items: 1+2+4+6+10+12+15+16+18+19+21+22+24+25+291+2+4+6+10+12+15+16+18+19+21+22+24+25+29

Higher scores indicate higher levels of intrinsic Higher scores indicate higher levels of intrinsic

motivation (raw score M = motivation (raw score M = 3939 for sample) for sample)

Mean score for total sample: 2.56 (Sd=.41)Mean score for total sample: 2.56 (Sd=.41)

Mean score for male sample = 2.57 (Sd=.43)Mean score for male sample = 2.57 (Sd=.43)

Mean score for female sample = 2.56 (Sd=.40)Mean score for female sample = 2.56 (Sd=.40)

Motivation Subscales: Motivation Subscales: Higher scores indicate higher levels of intrinsic motivation Higher scores indicate higher levels of intrinsic motivation

Mean score for males and females = 45Mean score for males and females = 45

Intrinsic MotivationIntrinsic Motivation: Add the scores for these items : Add the scores for these items

(Reverse scores for items 9 & 14)(Reverse scores for items 9 & 14)

Challenge ScaleChallenge Scale

3/ch3/ch

+9/r-ch+9/r-ch

+13/ch+13/ch

+14/r-ch+14/r-ch

+26/ch+26/ch

Enjoyment ScaleEnjoyment Scale

5/e5/e

+7/e+7/e

+8/e+8/e

+11/e+11/e

+17/e+17/e

+20/e+20/e

+23/e+23/e

+27/e+27/e

+28/e+28/e

+30/e+30/e

Motivation SubscalesMotivation SubscalesHigher scores indicate higher levels of extrinsic motivationHigher scores indicate higher levels of extrinsic motivation

Mean score for males and females = 39Mean score for males and females = 39

Extrinsic MotivationExtrinsic Motivation:: Add the scores for these itemsAdd the scores for these items

(Reverse scores for items 1, 16, & 22)(Reverse scores for items 1, 16, & 22)

Outward Scale Outward Scale

1/r-o1/r-o

+2/o+2/o

+6/o+6/o

+12/o+12/o

+15/o+15/o

+18/o+18/o

Compensation ScaleCompensation Scale

4/c4/c

+10/c+10/c

+16/r-c+16/r-c

+22/r-c+22/r-c

+19/c+19/c

+21/o+21/o

+24/o+24/o

+25/o+25/o

+29/o+29/o

WPI Scale StatisticsWPI Scale StatisticsPrimary Secondary

Measure IM EM IM EM

CHL ENJ OUT COM

Pop (N=1323)

M 2.99 2.56 2.63 3.17 2.37 2.95

Sd .37 .41 .53 .38 .42 .63

Men(n=492)

M 2.99 2.57 2.71 3.13 2.41 2.89

Sd .37 .43 .52 .38 .43 .67

Women(n=831)

M 2.99 2.56 2.58 3.19 2.35 2.98

Sd .37 .40 .53 .37 .42 .60

Primary Secondary

Measure IM EM IM EM

CHL ENJ OUT COM

Pop (N=1323)

M 2.99 2.56 2.63 3.17 2.37 2.95

Sd .37 .41 .53 .38 .42 .63

Men(n=492)

M 2.99 2.57 2.71 3.13 2.41 2.89

Sd .37 .43 .52 .38 .43 .67

Women(n=831)

M 2.99 2.56 2.58 3.19 2.35 2.98

Sd .37 .40 .53 .37 .42 .60