MOTHERBOARD

What is a Motherboard? Definition and

How Motherboards

Work

A motherboard is the main circuit A motherboard is the main circuit board inside a computer that board inside a computer that connects the different parts of a connects the different parts of a computer together. It has sockets computer together. It has sockets for the CPU, RAM and expansion for the CPU, RAM and expansion cards (e.g. discrete graphics cards (e.g. discrete graphics cards, sound cards, network cards, sound cards, network cards, storage cards etc.)... and it cards, storage cards etc.)... and it also hooks up to hard drives, disc also hooks up to hard drives, disc drives and front panel ports with drives and front panel ports with cables and wirescables and wires

Also known as a mainboard, system board, MOBO or MB, here's how a motherboard looks like

Now this is the same motherboard with the CPU, HEAT SINK FAN AND RAM installed on it

What does Central Processing Unit (CPU) mean?

The central processing unit (CPU) is the unit, which performs most of the processing inside a computer. To control instructions and data flow to and from other parts of the computer.

THE CPU HAS TWO TYPICAL COMPONENTS.Control Unit: extracts instructions from memory and decodes and executes them.Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): handles arithmetic and logical operations.To function properly, the CPU relies on the system clock, memory, secondary storage, and data and address buses.This term is also known as microprocessor or chip.

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)• The CPU is the heart and brain of a computer. It

receives data input, executes instructions, and processes information.

• It communicates with Input/output (I/O) devices, which send and receive data to and from the CPU.

• Additionally, the CPU has an internal bus for communication with the internal cache memory, called the backside bus.

• The main bus for data transfer to and from the CPU, memory, chipset, and AGP socket is called the front side bus.

Some computers have dual or multiple processors. These consist of two or more separate physical CPUs located side-by-side on the same board or on separate boards.

WHAT IS HEAT SINK FAN?

HEAT SINK FANHEAT SINK FAN

HEAT SINKHEAT SINK

Heat sinks are commonly used in all CPUs and are also used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems, GPUs and video card processors.

Stands for "Heat Sink and Fan." Nearly all computers have heat sinks, which help keep the CPU cool and prevent it from overheating. Therefore, a fan is often used in combination with the heat sink to keep both the CPU and heat sink at an acceptable temperature.

The fan moves cool air across the heat sink, pushing hot air away from the computer. Each CPU has a thermometer built in that keeps track of the processor's temperature. If the temperature becomes to hot, the fan or fans near the CPU may speed up to help cool the processor and heat sink.

……OTHER INFORMATIONA computer processor works at a very fast pace, generating a lot of heat. If a processor is overheated and does not have a heat sink, the CPU CAN BE DAMAGED. The computer may be dysfunctional and not able to complete a POST (power on self-test). If a POST fails, nothing will appear on the screen and the computer speakers may produce only a series of beep

To prevent overheating, the heat sink dissipates heat from the processor. To transfer heat from the processor to the heat sink, there must be an adequate amount of surface area between the two. This is done by the use of a heat sink compound (also called thermal paste), which is lightly spread over the surface. However, too much thermal paste will insulate the CPU instead of cooling it.

Thermal grease consists of a polymerizable liquid matrix and large volume fractions of electrically insulating, but thermally conductive filler. Typical matrix materials are epoxies, silicones, urethanes, and acrylates, although solvent-based systems, hot-melt adhesives, and pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes are also available.

THERMAL PASTE

Overheating internal components can cause data loss, shortened computer lifespan, system crashes, lock-ups, random reboots and permanent damage. For safety precautions, most motherboards are programmed to shut down if the CPU temperature reaches 85 to 90 degrees Celsius.

Other than being the connection headquarters, a motherboard is also home to the BIOS (Basic Input/output System), making it the control center of your computer as well. Motherboard BIOS screenshot

The motherboard BIOS performs hardware checks whenever your computer powers on and allows you to access system settings such as• view hardware information and status.• change your computer's boot-up device (e.g.

hard drive, disc drive, flash drive etc.)• manage power settings and savings• overclock or underclock the CPU and RAM.

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