moroccan arabic textbook 18
TRANSCRIPT
7/29/2019 Moroccan Arabic Textbook 18
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1 2 8 • M o r o c c a n A r a b i c
A t t h e P o s t O f f i c e
O b j e c t i v e : B y t h e e n d o f t h e c h a p t e r , y o u w i l l b e a b l e t o :
• b u y s t a m p s a n d s e n d l e t t e r s a n d p a r c e l s
• u s e p r e p o s i t i o n s c o r r e c t l y w i t h v e r b s
T h e P o s t O f f i c e
S t a m p s a r e a v a i l a b l e a t t o b a c c o s t o r e s i n a d d i t i o n t o t h e p o s t o f f i c e . I t i s b e s t t o m a i l y o u r l e t t e r s a t t h e
m a i l s l o t o u t s i d e t h e p o s t o f f i c e s i n c e p i c k - u p s c a n b e i n f r e q u e n t a t o t h e r m a i l b o x e s . W h e n s e n d i n g
p a c k a g e s o u t o f t h e c o u n t r y , y o u a r e r e q u i r e d t o f i l l o u t a c u s t o m s d e c l a r a t i o n f o r m . B e s u r e t o l e a v e
t h e p a c k a g e o p e n b e c a u s e a n o f f i c i a l i s r e q u i r e d t o s e e t h e c o n t e n t s b e f o r e i t i s s e a l e d .
V o c a b u l a r y
post office l-b o s t a ladrisa
envelope jwa
addressl- unwan
letter bra
post card k a r t p p o s t al
stamp tanbr
money order l-m a n d
a
stamps tnabr package kulya
registeredletter
bra rikomandi
normal adi
postman l-faktur
express ixpres
post box b w a t p p o s t al
customs d-diwana
box (for apackage)
k a r t ona tape s-skotš
glue l s aq
V e r b s
to send s i f t to close / seal šdd
to paste l s s
q to receive t w s s
l b
to fill in (a form) mmr
E x p r e s s i o n s
I want a stamp for the US / Morocco please.
bġ it waн d t-tanbr dyal
mirikan / l-mġ rib afak.
/
.
I want to send this letter / thispackage.
bġ it n- s i f t had l-bra /had l-kulya.
/ .
How much will I pay to sendthis...?
bšн al ġ adi n-s i f t had... ?
. . .
How much time will it take for itto arrive to ... ?
šн al d l-wqt kay- x s baš
t-w s l l ... ? . . .
Why don’t letters arrive quickly? laš l-brawat .
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1 3 0 • M o r o c c a n A r a b i c
U s i n g P r e p o s i t i o n s w i t h P r o n o u n E n d i n g s
& V e r b s
L e a r n i n g h o w t o u s e p r e p o s i t i o n s c o r r e c t l y c a n s o m e t i m e s b e t r i c k y . F i r s t , t h e p r e p o s i t i o n s d o n ’ t
a l w a y s c o r r e s p o n d d i r e c t l y t o E n g l i s h p r e p o s i t i o n s . T h u s , a t d i f f e r e n t t i m e s i n M o r o c c a n A r a b i c w e
w i l l u s e d i f f e r e n t p r e p o s i t i o n s f o r w h a t w o u l d b e t h e s a m e p r e p o s i t i o n i n E n g l i s h . S e c o n d , p r e p o s i t i o n s
s o m e t i m e s c h a n g e i n m e a n i n g d e p e n d i n g u p o n t h e v e r b t h e y a r e u s e d w i t h . T h i s i s t r u e i n E n g l i s h , t o o :
S h e s p o k e o n t h e r i g h t s o f h o m e l e s s p e o p l e . ( o n m e a n s “ o n t h e s u b j e c t o f ” )
I p u t t h e b o o k o n t h e t a b l e . ( o n m e a n s “ o n t o p o f ” )
W i t h t h e s e c h a l l e n g e s , i t m a y t a k e a w h i l e f o r y o u t o b e a m a s t e r o f D a r i j a p r e p o s i t i o n s . B u t w i t h
c o n t i n u e d u s e a n d e x p o s u r e , t h e y w i l l b e c o m e n a t u r a l f o r y o u , j u s t a s g r e e t i n g s a r e n o w n a t u r a l f o r y o u .
I n t h i s s e c t i o n , w e w i l l l o o k a t t w o a s p e c t s o f p r e p o s i t i o n s : 1 . h o w t o c o n n e c t p r e p o s i t i o n s w i t h p r o n o u n
e n d i n g s , a n d 2 . w h i c h v e r b s u s e c e r t a i n p r e p o s i t i o n s .
S o m e p r e p o s i t i o n s y o u h a v e a l r e a d y l e a r n e d ( s u c h a s dyal) s i m p l y a d d t h e n o r m a l p r o n o u n e n d i n g s
( e x . dyali, dyalk, e t c . ) . T h e f o l l o w i n g p r e p o s i t i o n s , h o w e v e r , c h a n g e s l i g h t l y w h e n p r o n o u n e n d i n g s
a r e a d d e d :
to / for l
on / about la
with m a
in / at / about f
with / by b
T h e P r e p o s i t i o n “ l
”
T h e p r e p o s i t i o n l ( ) o f t e n m e a n s “ t o ” ( e x . I g a v e s o m e t h i n g t o y o u ) o r “ f o r ” ( e x . I d i d s o m e t h i n g f o r
y o u ) . I t m a y a l s o b e u s e d w i t h c e r t a i n v e r b s s i m p l y t o e x p r e s s t h e m e a n i n g o f t h e v e r b ; i n t h e s e c a s e s , i t
d o e s n ’ t t r a n s l a t e i n t o a n y t h i n g i n E n g l i s h . T o a d d t h e p r o n o u n e n d i n g s :
to / for l
to / for me liya / li /
to / for you (sing.) lik
to / for him lih / lu /
to / for her liha
to / for us lina
to / for you (plur.) likum
to / for them lihum
S o m e v e r b s t h a t g o w i t h t h i s p r e p o s i t i o n :
excuse smн l send (to) s i f t (l)
) (
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P e a c e C o r p s / M o r o c c o • 1 3 1
explain (to) fssr (l) ) ( bring (to) jab (l)
) (
say (to) gal (l) ) ( to be possible (for...) ymkn (l)
) (
S o m e e x a m p l e s :
Kristin sent a letter to Chad.Kristin
s i f t
at bra
l Chad.
.
Kristin sent a letter to him. Kristin s i f t at bra lih. .
Thomas bought a present for Jessica on her birthday.
Thomas šra waн
d l-kadul Jessica f id l-milad
dyalha.
.
Thomas bought it for her. Thomas šrah liha. .
Excuse me. smн liya. .
Can I (i.e. is it possible for me) talk withyou?
weš ymkn liya n-h d r
m ak?
I can’t (i.e. it is not possible for me) go out
now.
ma-ymkn-š liya n-xrj
deba. .
A s y o u c a n s e e i n t h e e x a m p l e “ E x c u s e m e ” a b o v e , s o m e t i m e s t h e A r a b i c v e r b r e q u i r e s t h e p r e p o s i t i o n
i n o r d e r t o b e e q u i v a l e n t t o t h e E n g l i s h v e r b . I n t h e s e c a s e s , t h e E n g l i s h t r a n s l a t i o n d o e s n ’ t h a v e a
p r e p o s i t i o n , b u t t h e A r a b i c s t i l l r e q u i r e s i t .
T h e P r e p o s i t i o n “ la
”
T h e p r e p o s i t i o n la i s u s e d w i t h m a n y v e r b s a n d e x p r e s s i o n s , a n d a s a r e s u l t i t t r a n s l a t e s i n t o m a n y
E n g l i s h p r e p o s i t i o n s , i n c l u d i n g : “ o n , ” “ a b o u t , ” “ t o , ” “ a t , ” a n d o t h e r s . W i t h p r o n o u n e n d i n g s :
on (and others) la
on me liya
on you (sing.) lik
on him lih
on her liha
on us lina
on you (plur.) likum
on them lihum
S o m e v e r b s t h a t g o w i t h t h i s p r e p o s i t i o n :
defend daf la lie (to) kdb ( la)
) (
look/search(for)
qllb ( la) ) ( laugh (at) d н k ( la)
) (
speak (about) tkllm ( la) ) (
to love (i.e. tobe dying for)
mat ( la) ) (
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1 3 2 • M o r o c c a n A r a b i c
I n t h e f i r s t v e r b , “ d e f e n d , ” t h e p r e p o s i t i o n la d o e s n o t h a v e a n E n g l i s h t r a n s l a t i o n s i n c e i t i s r e q u i r e d
i n o r d e r t o t r a n s l a t e t h e A r a b i c v e r b i n t o “ d e f e n d . ” I n t h e s e c o n d v e r b , “ l o o k / s e a r c h , ” h o w e v e r , t h e
p r e p o s i t i o n la i s b a s i c a l l y e q u i v a l e n t t o t h e E n g l i s h “ f o r . ” S o m e e x a m p l e s :
Did we talk about the role ofPeace Corps in Morocco?
weš tkllmna la d-dawr
dyal hay'at s-salam f
l-mġ rib?
Yes, we talked about it. iyeh, tkllmna lih. .
Are you looking for a house torent?
weš kat-qllb la d
ar l
l-kra?
Yes, I’m looking for one. iyeh, kan-qllb liha. .
I love (am dying for) pizza. kan-mut la l-pitza. .
I love it. kan-mut liha
Don’t lie to me. ma-tkdb-š liya. .
He’s laughing at me. kay- d н k liya. .
T h e P r e p o s i t i o n “ m a
”
T h e p r e p o s i t i o n m a a l m o s t a l w a y s t r a n s l a t e s i n t o t h e E n g l i s h “ w i t h . ” W i t h p r o n o u n s :
with m a
with me m aya
with you (sing.) m ak
with him m ah
with her m aha
with us m ana
with you (plur.) m akum
with them m ahum
S o m e v e r b s t h a t g o w i t h t h i s p r e p o s i t i o n :
laugh (with) d н
k (m a) ) (
meet (with) tlaqa (m a) ) (
be helpful(with)
t awn (m a) ) (
stay (with) bqa (m a) ) (
shake hands(with) tsalm (m a)
)
(
argue (with)t x a s
m (m a)
)
(
S o m e e x a m p l e s :
I met (with) Samir in the postoffice.
tlaqit m a Samir f
l-b o s t a. .
I met (with) him in the postoffice.
tlaqit m ah f l-b o s t a. .
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P e a c e C o r p s / M o r o c c o • 1 3 3
I’m just kidding! (with you) ġ ir kan-d н k m ak! !
Would you like to come to themovies with me?
bġ iti t-mši l s-sinima m aya?
T h e P r e p o s i t i o n “ f ”
L i k e la, t h e p r e p o s i t i o n f h a s m a n y d i f f e r e n t E n g l i s h t r a n s l a t i o n s , i n c l u d i n g : “ i n , ” “ a b o u t , ” “ a t , ” “ o n , ”
a n d o t h e r s . W h e n u s e d w i t h p r o n o u n s :
in f
in me fiya
in you (sing.) fik
in him fih
in her fiha
in us fina
in you (plur.) fikum
in them fihum
S o m e v e r b s t h a t g o w i t h t h i s p r e p o s i t i o n :
ask (about) suwl (f) ) ( participate (in) šark (f)
) (
think (about) fkkr (f) ) ( take care (of) thlla (f)
) (
talk (about) aperson
h d r (f) ) (
trust (in) taq (f) ) (
S o m e e x a m p l e s :
I came over (asked about you)yesterday, but I didn’t find you.
suwlt fik l-barн ,
welakin ma-lqitk-š. .
We trusted (in) him, but hebetrayed us.
tqna fih, u ġ dr bina. .
Take care of yourself. thlla f rask. .
T h i s p r e p o s i t i o n , w i t h p r o n o u n s , c a n a l s o h a v e t h e m e a n i n g o f t h e v e r b “ t o b e . ”
I am hungry. fiya j-ju . .
I am thirsty. fiya l- t š. .
He has a fever. fih s-sxana. .
A n d s o m e t i m e s i t t a k e s t h e m e a n i n g o f “ t o h a v e ” i n t h e e x p r e s s i o n “ t o h a v e i n i t / t h e m . ”
This house has five rooms.had d -d ar fiha xmsa dl-byut.
.
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1 3 4 • M o r o c c a n A r a b i c
T h e P r e p o s i t i o n “ b
”
T h e p r e p o s i t i o n b u s u a l l y h a s t h e m e a n i n g o f “ w i t h ” ( I e a t w i t h m y h a n d s ) , b u t c a n a l s o b e u s e d f o r :
“ b y , ” “ i n , ” “ a b o u t , ” “ f o r , ” a n d o t h e r s . W i t h p r o n o u n s :
with b
with me biya
with you (sing.) bik
with him bih
with her biha
with us bina
with you (plur.) bikum
with them bihum
S o m e v e r b s t h a t g o w i t h t h i s p r e p o s i t i o n :
believe (in) amn (b) ) ( marry (with) tzuwj (b)
) (
dream (about) н lm (b) ) (
welcome rн н b b
be responsible(for)
tkllf (b) ) (
want to be sepa-rated (from)
sxa (b) ) (
S o m e e x a m p l e s :
She married (with) him last year. tzuwjat bih l- am l-li fat. .
They welcomed me into their house. rн н bu biya f d arhum. .
I dreamed about him. н
lmt bih. .
E x e r c i s e : R e p l a c e t h e u n d e r l i n e d n o u n s w i t h t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g
p r o n o u n s . S o m e t i m e s y o u w i l l n e e d t o u s e a p r e p o s i t i o n a n d
p r o n o u n t o g e t h e r .
Example: l-q t kla l- н ut.
l-q t klah.
1. Tony šrb l-н lib.. . 1
2. Ahmed šrat
umubil.. . 2
3. l-m u t a t awwi in mšau l s-suq.. . 3
4. L a t ifa ddat d-drari l l-mdrasa.. . 4
5. weš nsiti l-magana f d - d ar? . 5
6. Greg t a l-flus l Amy.. . 6
7. d-drari safru m a s н abhum.. . 7
8. Sara ma-kat-akul-š l-l н m.. . 8
9. sllm la mwalin d -d ar.. . 9
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P e a c e C o r p s / M o r o c c o • 1 3 5
10. Jerry kay-xaf mn Tom.. . 1 0
E x e r c i s e : M a k e a l l o f t h e a b o v e v e r b f o r m s n e g a t i v e .