Morning Glory School & College

Chapter- 07

Healthy Lifestyle

Class-V

Subject- Science

S/Q/A:

1. Give 5 ways of how to prevent infectious diseases.

Ans: Five ways to prevent infectious diseases can be as follows-

1. to improve our immune system,

2. using safe water and washing hands regularly,

3. covering face during coughs and sneezes with tissue, handkerchief or

elbow,

4. remove any objects that hold water where Malaria and Dengue germs

carrier mosquito lay their eggs,

5. getting vaccinated and avoid unhygienic foods.

2. What are airborne diseases?

Ans: The diseases whose germs transmitted through air due to coughing,

sneezing or talking are called airborne diseases. Airborne diseases

including swine flu, chicken pox, tuberculosis and influenza.

3. What are waterborne diseases?

Ans: Waterborne diseases are caused by taking water contaminated with

germs. There are many types of waterborne diseases, including diarrhea,

cholera, dysentery and typhoid.

4. What are contact diseases?

Ans: The diseases which caused by direct or indirect contact with an

infected person is called contact diseases. Flu, Ebola and Measles are

such kind of diseases.

5. How can we cure the infectious diseases?

Ans: We can get remedy/cure from infectious diseases by the following

ways:

1. taking enough rest,

2. eating nutritious food,

3. drinking safe water a lot,

4. taking adequate medicine as prescribed,

5. consult a doctor if necessary.

6. What are the causes of infectious diseases?

Ans: The causes of infectious diseases are given as follows:

1. through coughs and sneeze openly by an infected person,

2. using glass, plate, chair, table, clothes , toilet that is used by an

infected person,

3. transmitted by bites of insects such as mosquitoes and animals such as

dog,

4. eating contaminated food and drinking contaminated water.

7. What is a good way to manage your anxiety about changing body

looks during puberty?

Ans: If we get worried about physical changes during adolescence, we

will discuss with our parents, teachers or elder brother or sisters and take

advice from them.

8. What is puberty?

Ans: Puberty is the time when our body begins to change and develop

from the body of a child to the body of a teenager. Usually puberty starts

between age 8 and 13 in girls and age 9 and 15 in boys. During puberty

physical, emotional and behavioural changes occur in boys and girls.

9. What are the changes in the body of boys and girls during

puberty?/ Mention the physical changes occur during puberty in

boys and girls.

Ans: Several physical changes occur in puberty like growing taller,

changing shape of body, sweating more, getting oilier skin and often

some pimple on the face. Body weight increases during puberty. Muscle

shaping occurs for both boys and girls in puberty.

10. How one can take care of the body during puberty?

Ans: During puberty maintaining personal hygiene and taking

nutritional food is very important. Drinking plenty of water to hydrate

the body is also necessary.

11. How one feels psychologically during puberty? What measures

can be taken for mental/emotional support at this time?

Ans: During puberty one might feel confused about something or

having strong emotional change. Someone might feel overly sensitive or

become upset easily. One might feel anxious about how changing body

looks.

Maintain personal hygiene and taking nutritional food is very important

during this time. For mental/emotional support one may talk to his/her

parents or teachers or elder brother and sister for advice.

B/Q/A:

1. Explain how infectious diseases spread?

Ans: Infectious diseases can spread in many ways. Some of the ways are

given below-

1. Some diseases can pass from person to person through air when

someone coughs and sneezes.

2. We may get infectious diseases by using glass, plate, chair, table,

clothes, toilet etc. that used by an infected person.

3. Some infectious diseases are transmitted by bites of insects such as

mosquitoes and animals such as dog.

4. Eating contaminated food and water is another way of spreading

infectious diseases.

2. We can prevent Dengue or Malaria by removing objects holding

water like bowl, tyre etc. Why?

Ans: In things like tub, bowl, coconut shell, tyre etc. water remains

stored. In this water Dengue and Malaria carrier mosquitoes lay eggs

which causes these diseases to spread even rapidly. That is why we need

to remove these things to prevent Dengue and Malaria.

3. How are waterborne diseases and airborne diseases alike and

different?

Ans: The similarity between waterborne and airborne diseases is that

both are types of infectious diseases and need a medium to spread.

The dissimilarity between waterborne and airborne diseases is as

follows:

Waterborne Diseases Airborne Diseases

1. The diseases which are spread

through water are called

waterborne diseases.

1. The diseases which are spread

through air are known as airborne

diseases.

2. If we use or drink polluted or

contaminated water, we will get

waterborne infectious diseases.

2. Through coughing, sneezing and

even during conversation germs

spread in the air and can infect a

person.

3. Example- Cholera, Typhoid,

Diarrhoea, Dysentery.

3. Example- Swine flu, Ebola,

Influenza, Chicken pox, Measles,

Tuberculosis.

4. We can prevent the spread of diseases by covering the face during

coughs and sneezes with elbow. Why is elbow better than hands

when you cover coughs and sneezes?

Ans: One of the very common and easy way of spreading airborne

diseases is through coughing and sneezing. That is why we cover our

face with hands or handkerchief when we cough and sneeze. It is also

very important that we should wash our hands properly with soap and

water or use hand sanitizer. Since many times it’s not possible for us to

wash or use sanitizer after coughing or sneezing, so it is better to use our

elbow portion of hand to cover our mouth during coughing and

sneezing. Because elbow is not directly used in any work specially

eating or handing anything.

5. What is infectious diseases? Write four ways to cure from the

infectious diseases.

Ans: Infectious diseases are those diseases which are caused by germs,

viruses, bacteria, fungi etc. and can spread through air, water, insects,

animals and directly or indirectly through an infected person.

Four ways to cure from the infectious diseases are as follows-

1. To improve our immune system and getting vaccinated and avoid

unhygienic foods

2. Using safe water and washing hands regularly,

3. Covering face during coughs and sneezes with tissue, handkerchief or

elbow,

4. Remove any objects that hold water where Malaria and Dengue germs

carrier mosquito lay their eggs.

6. What is the name of ‘AIDS’ virus? Write how AIDS virus is

infectious? What are the misconception about AIDS?

Ans: The name of AIDS virus is HIV (Human Immunodeficiency

Virus) virus.

Though AIDS (Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome) is an infectious

disease, it does not spread through air, water, touch, insect bite. It only

spread through blood.

There are some common misconceptions about AIDS. People often

mistakenly things that AIDS is highly contagious and can spread

through direct touch and even shake hands. Another misconception is

that this disease can spread by using things that a HIV infected person

uses.

7. Write three infectious diseases names that are transmitted by

animal and insect bites. Write three ways to prevent Dengue.

Ans: Three infectious diseases that are caused by animal and insect bites

are-

i. Rabies- transmitted through bite of a rabies infected dog.

ii. Dengue- caused from Dengue germs carrier mosquitoes bite.

iii. Malaria- caused by Malaria germ carrier mosquitoes bite.

Three ways to prevent Dengue are as follows-

i. Keep the environment clean.

ii. Remove tubs, tyre, canister, coconut shells etc. around the house

where Dengue germ carrier mosquitoes may lay eggs.

iii. Use mosquito net while sleeping.

8. Doctors told Titli had been suffering from virus fever. What this

disease is called? Write down four ways of spreading this disease.

Ans: The disease that Titli was suffering from is a viral infectious

disease.

Four ways of spreading this disease are –

i. By sneezing and coughing.

ii. By using plate, glass, clothes, toilet, chair, table etc. that is used by

another infected person.

iii. By bites of insects such as mosquito which carry the virus.

iv. By eating contaminated food or drinking contaminated water.

9. What is puberty? Write four sentences of change in body during

puberty. What should be the steps to reduce anxiety during

puberty?

Ans: Puberty is the time when our body begins to change and develop

from the body of a child to the body of a teenager. Usually puberty starts

between age 8 and 13 in girls and age 9 and 15 in boys.

Several physical changes occur in puberty like-

i. Growing taller, changing shape of body,

ii. Sweating more, getting oilier skin and often some pimple on the face.

iii. Body weight increases during puberty.

iv. Muscle shaping occur for both boys and girls in puberty.

Maintain personal hygiene and taking nutritional food is very important

during this time. For mental/emotional support one may talk to his/her

parents or teachers or elder brother and sister for advice to reduce

anxiety during puberty.

Chapter- 08

The Universe

Subject: Science

Class: V

S/Q/A:

1. What are the two motions of the Earth?

Ans: The Earth is the third planet in the solar system. Earth has two motions which

are rotation and revolution. Earth spins around on its axis which is called rotation

and also moves around the sun on its orbit which is called revolution.

2. What causes day and night?

Ans: The Earth spins around on its axis once in every 24 hours. This motion is

called rotation. This specific motion causes day and night.

3. Why do the phases of the Moon take place?

Ans: The moon has no light of its own. It reflects the light of the Sun. Half of the

Moon always remains illuminated by the sunlight. But while moving around the

Earth, the area of the lighted side facing the Earth changes. These changes cause

the phases of the Moon.

4. What is the difference between planet and satellite?

Ans: There is a major difference between the planet and the satellite. A planet

moves around the Sun but a satellite moves around the planet which it belongs.

The Earth is a planet and the Moon is its satellite.

5. Why does the temperature rises in the summer?

Ans: when the northern hemisphere tilts toward the Sun, it is summer there. In

summer, the sunlight shines more directly on the northern half of the Earth giving

more energy. This causes the temperature to rise in summer.

6. Why does the temperature decreases in the winter?

Ans: when the northern hemisphere tilts away from the Sun, it is winter there. In

winter, sunlight hits this part of the Earth less directly. This causes decrease of

temperature.

7. What is orbit?Or, What is the name of the path where Earth moves around

the Sun?

Ans: The Earth moves in a path around the Sun like other planets. The path that

Earth and other planets move around the Sun is called orbit.

8. What is an axis?

Ans: An axis is the imaginary line through the centre of an object. Earth’s axis

goes through the North and South Poles. Earth’s axis is tilted at 23.3°.

9. What is a Satellite? Or, Why the Moon moves around the Earth?

Ans: A Satellite is an object that revolves around a Planet. The Moon is the only

Satellite of the Earth. It rotates around its axis once every about 28 days and it also

moves around the Earth once every 28 days.

10. What causes sunset and sunrise?

Ans: Earth’s rotation causes the sunset and sunrise. As the Earth is spinning on its

axis from the west to east, the Sun appears to move from east to west across the

sky causing sunrise and sunset.

11. What is revolution?

Ans: The orbital motion of the Earth around the Sun is called its revolution. It

takes 365 days and 6 hours to complete one trip around the Sun. revolution creates

seasonal change on Earth.

12. What is rotation? Or, What is Earth’s rotation?

Ans: While revolving around the Sun, Earth spins or rotates on its axis like a

spinning top. The spinning motion of the Earth on its axis is called Earth’s rotation.

It takes 23 hours and 56 minutes for the Earth to complete one full rotation on its

axis, which is measured as one day.

13. What is astronomy?

Ans: Astronomy is the study of the Universe such as stars, planets and space.

Through this subject scientists learns about our Universe and all the celestial

bodies related to space.

14. What is the distance of Sun and Moon from the Earth? How much time

requires to reach sunlight to Earth?

Ans: The distance of Sun to the Earth is about 15,00,00,000 km and the Moon to

Earth is about 384,400 km. it takes near about 8 minutes to reach the sunlight to

Earth.

15. How big is the Universe?

Ans: The Universe is still expanding. For this reason no one knows the actual size

of the Universe. The Universe contains numerous galaxies and stars along with

space. Our galaxy the Milky Way is also one of them.

16. How does the Earth moves?

Ans: The Earth moves on its orbit around the Sun and also on its axis. The earth

rotates from west to east.

17. Why do scientists use telescope?

Ans: Scientists use telescope to research on planets, stars, space and galaxy. As

telescopes helps to see further into the space by enlarging the far away objects in

the space.

18. Rita saw a complete round Moon at night. What is the name of the phase

of the Moon that Rita saw at night?

Ans: Rita saw a complete round Moon at night. This phase of the Moon is called

Full moon.

19. What is the Universe?

Ans: The Universe consists of innumerable stars, planets, space and galaxies.

Universe is still expanding. Till now no one knows the actual size of the Universe.

20. What is Galaxy and Milky Way?

Ans: The cluster of Stars like our Sun, planets and space make a galaxy.

According to Sir Eddington on average a Galaxy has ten thousand crores of stars.

The Milky Way is the name of our Galaxy which contains our solar system. If we

were able to travel as fast as light, it would take 1,30,000 years to go across the

Milky Way.

B/Q/A:

1. Explain the causes of season.

Ans: The causes of season is the revolution of Earth on its own orbit and the tilt of

the Earth towards the Sun. For the Earth’s moving round the sun, different parts of

the Earth in different times of the year move towards the Sun or move away from

the Sun. When the Northern Hemisphere tilts towards the Sun, the sunlight shines

more directly on that part. As a result, temperature rises and days become long and

nights become short. Therefore, it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere and

oppositely winter in the Southern Hemisphere. Again, when the Northern

Hemisphere tilts away from the Sun, sunlight falls obliquely on that part. As a

result, temperature falls and days become shorter and nights longer causing winter

there and summer in Southern Hemisphere. This way the revolution of the Earth

around the Sun causes seasons.

2. The Sun does not move round the Earth, but it seems to move from east to

west across the sky. Explain why?

Ans: If we observe the everyday Sun, it seems to us that the Sun rises from the east

in the morning and sets in the west at the end of the day. Actually, the Earth is

moving around the Sun on the orbital path rotating on its axis from west to east. As

Earth rotates from west to east the Sun appears to move from east to west across

the sky.

3. When the northern half of the Earth tilts towards the Sun, what happens to

the length of the day and night?

Ans: The Earth rotates on its axis which has a tilt of 23.5 °. This tilt has significant

influence in the length of the day and night. When the northern hemisphere tilts

towards the Sun, the sunlight shines vertically on that part for long time. This

cause the length of the day become long and the length of the night become short.

4. How are the solar system, the Milky Way Galaxy and the Universe related?

Ans: Our solar system consists of the Sun, Earth, Moon, Planets, and Satellites and

may other celestial bodies. This vast solar world is only a member of the Universe.

The cluster of a large number of stars similar to our Sun is called a Galaxy. There

are many large galaxies in the Universe. The Milky Way is the name of our Galaxy

which contains our solar system along with other stars. These type of large number

of Galaxies and the space among them is the Universe.

5. Look at the pictures below, both of the pictures were taken at the same time

and same place, but they look different. Why does it happen?

Ans: Though both the pictures were taken at the same time in the same place, they

were not taken in the same month of the year. While one picture is taken in the

month of June, the other one is taken in December. In June the northern

hemisphere remain inclined towards the Sun. So, the sunlight falls more directly on

that part causing the days become longer. Again, in December the northern

hemisphere remains inclined towards the opposite of the Sun. So, the sunlight falls

less directly on that part causing the days becoming shorter. Therefore, it is still

day time in the first picture since it is June. On the other hand, it is night time in

the second picture since it is December. That is why the two pictures are different

to look at.

6. How many motion does Earth has? Write four sentences on how you will

experiment with the cause of day and night in your class room?

Ans: There are two kinds of Earth’s motion. They are- revolution and rotation of

the Earth.

We can experiment the cause of day and night in the class room in the following

ways:

i. At first, we will prepare a globe to represent the earth, and a torch to represent

the Sun.

ii. We will put the globe and the torch opposite to each other on table shown in the

picture below and turn the torch on.

iii. Making the class room dark now we will observe what effect does the bright

light of the torch creating on the globe.

iv. Then by spinning the globe we can show that the part where the light is shining

is day time and the opposite dark side is night time.

Fig: Experiment on the cause of day and night

7. How does the temperature rise in summer? What is Earth’s rotation? Write

three sentences of why the Sun seems to move from east to west across the

sky?

Ans: In summer, the sunlight shines more directly on the parts of the Earth which

is tilted towards the Sun. As a result temperature of that part of Earth increases as

the days are longer having more sunlight for longer period of time. That is why

temperature rises in summer.

While revolving around the Sun, Earth spins around its own axis. This spinning

motion of the Earth on its axis is called Earth’s rotation.

If we observe the everyday Sun, it seems to us that the Sun rises from the east in

the morning and sets in the west at the end of the day. Actually, the Earth is

moving around the Sun on the orbital path rotating on its axis from west to east. As

Earth rotates from west to east the Sun appears to move from east to west across

the sky.

8. Pablo observe the satellite of the Earth into the sky at night. He was quite

suprized to see the various changes of shape of the satellite. What is the name

of Earth’s satellite? Write down two characteristics of the satellite of Earth.

Write two sentences about the phases of that satellite.

Ans: Name of the only satellite of Earth is Moon. Two characteristics of Moon

are-

i. The Moon has no light of its own.

ii. The Moon reflects the sunlight which causes the various Moon phase.

Two sentences about Moon phase are-

i. When the Moon is seen completely, it is called full moon.

ii. When the Moon is not seen at all, it is called the new moon.

9. What is a satellite? Last 5 December 2018 was full moon and the 20

December was new moon. What is the reason? Write two difference between

the new moon and full moon.

Ans: Satellite is an object that moves around its own planet. The Moon is the only

satellite of the planet Earth. A satellite has its own orbit and it rotates on its own

axis around the planet.

On the 5 December 2018 the bright half of the Moon was completely visible due to

full reflection of the sunlight. On the other hand, on 20 December 2018 the Moon

moved in between the sun and the earth causing the dark half of the Moon to face

the Earth. That day the Moon was not visible in the sky resulting a new moon

phase.

Two difference between a full moon and a new moon are shown below:

Full Moon New Moon

i. During a full moon, we can see full lighted

side of the moon.

i. During a new moon we can’t see any

lighted side of the Moon.

ii. During a full moon the Earth lies between

the Sun and the Moon.

ii. During a new moon, the Moon lies

between the Sun and the Earth.

Chapter- 09

Technology in Our Life

Subject: Science

Class: V S/Q/A:

1. How do scientists study the natural world?

Ans: Scientists study the natural world based on scientific procedure which

includes observation, selection of a question whose hypothetical answer is

available on conducting experiment, making a decision based on the experimental

knowledge and sharing the knowledge with others.

2. What type of agricultural technology do people use to grow more food in

the shortest period of time?

Ans: To grow more food in the shortest time, people now use mechanical

technology, chemical technology and biotechnologies. Here mechanical

technologies include agricultural machinery like tractor, spade, irrigation pump,

harvesting and thrashing machine, chemical technology include chemical fertilizer

and insecticides etc. and biotechnologies include genetically enhanced plants with

special qualities and more nutrition.

3. Give two examples of the negative effects of technology.

Ans: Technologies make human life safe, comfortable and better by solving

various problems. However, technology also can cause some negative effects. Such

as-

i. Environmental pollution due to air, water, soil and noise pollution.

ii. Usage of weapon like guns, bombs and tanks.

4. What technology do scientists use when they study the Universe?

Ans: Scientists use space telescopes and satellites to study the Universe.

5. How has the scientific knowledge of steam power been applied?

Ans: People invented steam engine by applying scientific knowledge of steam

power. The steam engine was used for factories, trains and ships.

6. What is technology?

Ans: Technology can be defined as the practical application of science to solve the

problems of our life. Technology uses to design products, tools and processes that

improve the quality of human life. For example scientists have studied about

electricity and applied to create TV, refrigerator, light etc.

7. What is the main objective of studying science? Or, What is the central

objective of studying science?

Ans: Earlier the main or central objective of studying science was to gather

knowledge about the natural world. But now the main objective/ central objective

of studying science is to know about our natural world and develop such

technology that solve various problems of human life.

8. What is the main reason that differentiate the lifestyle of man and animals?

Ans: Man can use different instrument and strategies by studying science and

using technologies to satisfy his needs to live a better life whereas other animals

live a primitive life through hunting and surviving.

9. What is genetic engineering?

Ans: The science that gives the knowledge of developing animals and plants by

changing genes in them. This particular segment of science is the contribution of

biotechnology which made agricultural production possible to increase to a large

scale.

10. Write the name of some agricultural technology.

Ans: Some agricultural technologies includes mechanical technology, chemical

technology and biotechnology. These technologies are machineries like tractor,

irrigation pump, and trashing machine, chemical fertilizer and insecticides and

plants having special qualities.

11. What are the function/ work of technologists?

Ans: The function/work of technologists is to invent instruments/technologies

based on the knowledge derived from science to solve the practical problems in

human life.

12. What is the negative effect/application of technology? Or, What is the

most dangerous application of modern technology?

Ans: The most dangerous application of modern technology is the horrible

application of science knowledge to improve weapon technology like bombs, guns

and tanks. Also it’s a burning fact that modern technological advancement is

creating global environment pollution and destruction of nature.

13. Why is biotechnology used for? Or, What is biotechnology?

Ans: Biotechnology is a technology that uses living things to make new product

for human welfare. For example, agricultural biotechnology is a way to make

plants with special qualities which allows farmers to grow plants that are more

nutritious and resistant to pests and more productive.

14. What is technology addiction? Or, What is the adverse/negative effect of

technology in human health?

Ans:Technology addiction is an impulse control disorder that involves the

obsessive use of technology which disrupts the normal lifestyle. It can cause

serious health hazards like poor eyesight, headache, stress, high blood pressure,

neck and back pain and even heart related issues. This may also deviates the

creative thinking process of human mind.

B/Q/A:

1. Explain the difference between science and technology.

Ans: There is a very close relation between science and technology. Inspite of the

close relation there are a few differences between them based on fields and types

of their application. The differences are shown below-

Science Technology

i. Science is the process of gathering

knowledge through scientific methods.

i. Technology is the application of

science knowledge.

ii. Science establishes the relation

among different events in the nature.

ii. Technology fulfills various needs of

human beings.

iii. Science discovers and explains

various natural laws.

iii. Technology confirms the application

of scientific discoveries and natural

laws.

iv. Science provides us with special

knowledge.

iv. Technology provides us with comfort

and luxuries.

v. Newton’s discovery of law of gravity

is termed as science.

v. Creation of artificial satellites based

on gravitational law is termed as

technology.

2. How does agricultural technology help to improve our life?

Ans: Agricultural technology help to improve human life in multiple ways.

Agricultural technology helps to improve the human life in the following ways:

Mechanical technology: By using various mechanical tools like tractor, spade,

irrigation pump. thrashing machine it is easier now to cultivate food crops. This

made human life easier.

Chemical technology: In many crops farmers use chemical fertilisers and

pesticides to increase the production. Chemical fertiliser helps plants to grow well

and produce more food whereas chemical pesticides resist the harmful pests and

weeds in order to grow more food.

Biotechnology: Biotechnology is a technology that uses living things to make new

products for human welfare. Agricultural biotechnology is a way to make plants

with special qualities like more nutrition and resistant to pests and more productive

Such ways agricultural technologies help to improve human life.

3. How does technology use science knowledge?

Ans: It is an undeniable fact that we are always dependent on technology. The

things that we use in our daily life are all based on technology. Again it is also true

that scientific knowledge is the base of technology. If we define technology then

the definition of technology is, Technology is the practical application of science

knowledge to solve the problems of human life. We can prove this statement by

giving some examples such as-

Steam engine was invented by applying the scientific knowledge of steam power

which was used in factories, trains and ships.

Again, the world famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton discovered the law of

gravitation. Rockets and artificial satellites were developed based on the Newton’s

laws of gravitation.

Thus technology uses science knowledge.

4. Science and technology have different purpose, but they are closely related

to each other. Explain how.

Ans: Science and technology have different purpose. The purpose of science is to

study and gather knowledge about our natural worlds. It is based on the facts

learned through observation and experimentation to describe and explain natural

phenomena. On the other hand, technology is the practical application of science to

solve the problems of human life. The main purpose of technology is to solve

various practical problem of human life to improve the quality of life. Though

science and technology has different purposes but they are very closely related. As

steam engine was developed by using the scientific knowledge of steam power.

Also Newton’s law of gravitation is used in the development of rockets and

satellite. Hence it is proven beyond doubt that science and technology are closely

related to each other.

5. How do we use science for innovating technology? Or, How technology is

invented/ develpoed?

Ans: We are now in the age of science and technology which are very closely

related. We use science for innovating various technologies in every fields of life.

We can prove this statement by giving some examples such as-

Steam engine was invented by applying the scientific knowledge of steam power

which was used in factories, trains and ships.

Again, the world famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton discovered the law of

gravitation. Rockets and artificial satellites were developed based on the Newton’s

laws of gravitation.

Thus, we can see that use of scientific knowledge is the main base of all

technological innovation of human.

6. What are the negative effects of technology? Or, Write about how the

environment, human health and other ways technology effects adversely?

What could be done to prevent these effects?/ Write suggestions to prevent the

misuse of technology.

Ans: The negative effects of technology is explained below:

Burning of coal in power plants pollutes the air creating global warming and acid

rain. As a result environment is polluted. Usage of chemical technology such as

fertilisers and pesticides pollutes the soil and water. Again, development of

weapons like bombs, guns and tanks causes adverse effect on earth as well as

safety of human life. Moreover, excessive use of technology results addiction

which damages the human health causing poor eyesight, lack of creativity,

headache, stress and heart problem.

Suggestion to prevent misuse of technology is:

i. Use technologies like TV, computer, mobile only for limited time and in

productive work.

ii. Dong regular sports and exercise.

iii. Stop the development of weapons.

iv. Use environment friendly technologies and renewable energy in technology.

v. Plant more and more trees and conserve forests and environment.

Chapter-10 Information in Our Life

Subject: Science

Class: V

S/Q/A:

1. Give three names of devices for storing information.

Ans: Information is very important for our life. We make decision based on

various information. Therefore, it is very important as well to store information

properly. Three of the devices we use for storing information are- CD, DVD, Pen

drive.

2. What are the technologies that enable us to exchange information?

Ans: Exchange of information is the vital process of sharing information. The

technologies that enable us to exchange information easily are- telephone, mobile

phone, e-mail, Facebook, twitter, social networking services, SMS etc.

3. Why is information important?

Ans: Information is very important for our life. Information enables us to know

something new and to decide what to do. Proper information helps us to take the

adequate step or decision for that situation.

4. What is internet?

Ans: Internet is the giant network which has been formed by connecting all the

computers in the world in order to communicate and exchange information with

each other.

5. Name three major search engines used in Bangladesh.

Ans: Search engine is a service that allows Internet users to search for content via

the World Wide Web (WWW). Three major search engines used in Bangladesh

are- Google, Yahoo and Pipilika.

6. What is information? What is information revolution?

Ans: When data is used to serve a special need we call it information.

The trend of increasing the world’s store of knowledge at a fast speed is called

information revolution.

7. What is ICT?

Ans: ICT means Information and Communication Technology. It is the common

tool that helps people share information. Computer, mobile, internet, TV, radio is

the example of ICT.

8. What do you mean by information technology?

Ans: The devices that help to collect, share, recover and store information is called

information technology. TV, radio, internet, computer, DVD, CD, pen drive, SMS,

SNS all these falls under information technology.

9. How can information be exchanged? Or, What are the sources of

sharing information?

Ans: Exchanging information means sharing information. Sharing or exchanging

information can be done through technology. We can exchange and share

information by using TV, radio, e-mail, SMS, SNS, internet etc.

10. What are the ways of collecting information?

Ans: Information can be collected from various sources. Now a days the most

common and vastly used source of collecting information is the internet. Apart

from internet we can collect information by using TV, radio, newspaper, books etc.

B/Q/A:

1. You have got information from TV that a cyclone is coming towards

Bangladesh. What will you do?

Ans: Now a days TV is a popular medium of not only source of information but

also of sharing information. TV plays both the role of giving recreation and giving

information. Everyday we have weather forecast in the TV. If I come to know

about the information from the TV that a cyclone is coming towards Bangladesh, I

should get myself prepared to save me and my family and share this news with as

much people around me so that they can take necessary precaution for this natural

disaster. I will communicate over telephone or mobile phone that they should

immediately rush to the shelter with necessary food items and medicine that might

be required.

2. Explain how to collect information through the internet.

Ans: Internet is the most modern means of collecting and sharing information.

Internet enables us to collect information more easily and quickly. The following

are the basic steps for collecting information through the internet:

i. Use search engines such as Google, Yahoo or Pipilika.

ii. Type key words relevant to the topic that is searched for into the ‘search bar’

and click ‘search’ or press ‘enter key’ on the keyboard.

iii. Search through the list of web pages to find the information needed.

iv. The above steps can be repeated as required for collecting desired information.

3. Why do we need to acquire the proper skills to find, understand,

evaluate and use information?

Ans: The present time is called the era of information. We receive a lot of

information everyday. Some information is correct, but some are incorrect. Correct

information is treated as assets. We should share correct information to our family

and friends so that they can live safely. But if we share wrong or incorrect

information we may fall into dangerous situation and may also cause harm to our

family, friends and others in the society. That’s why, to live peacefully, safely and

harmoniously we should acquire the proper skills to find, understand, evaluate and

use information correctly.

4. What will happen to our life without information sharing?

Ans: Information sharing is an activity through which information is exchanged

among friends, families and other people. Nowadays information plays an

important role in our daily life. If we share correct information, we can have a

secure life and even it can lift us to the peak of our success. On the other hand, if

we do not share correct information, our life might be in jeopardy and our

achievement may remain incomplete. Moreover we shall always be followed by

misfortune if we do not share information.

5. You want to share the information you collect with your friend who

lives in Japan. What are the ways by which you can share the

information with him? What type of technology will you need?

Ans: To share the information with my friend who lives in Japan, I can use the

following ways:

i. Write a letter to him,

ii. Call him by telephone or use a mobile phone and have direct conversation,

iii. Sent him e-mail using the internet.

As it’s the modern era of technology, I can use Information and Communication

technology (ICT) to share the information i.e. mobile, SMS, SNS, e-mail, twitter,

messenger chat etc.

6. What is internet? Explain how to store information through internet?

(in four sentence) Or, How will you keep the information through

internet?

Ans: Internet is the giant network which has been formed by connecting all the

computers in the world in order to communicate and exchange information with

each other. Internet enables us to collect, share and store information using mobile

phones, computers or laptops.

We can store information through internet in the following ways:

We can collect information through internet and store it in pendrive, CD, DVD etc.

information can be stored through e-mail or using the draft of the mail account.

Another way to store information through internet is using the Google drive of the

e-mail account. We can take pictures, shoot video and store those in e-mail through

internet.

7. What is information sharing? What steps we should take after getting

information that a cyclone is coming towards Bangladesh?

Ans: Information sharing is an activity through which information is exchanged

among friends, families and other people.

If we get the information that a cyclone is coming towards Bangladesh hen we

should take the following steps:

i. sharing this information to our families , friends, neighbours quickly,

ii. use telephone, mobile phone to spread this news,

iii. use mike and megaphones to alert people and tell them to go to shelters with

necessary food and water,

iv. keeping updated information about weather forecast via TV and radio.

8. Write two uses of internet. How will you exchange information through

internet?

Ans: Two use of internet are-

i. We can collect information we need from internet using search engines like

Google, Yahoo or Pipilika.

ii. We can share information, self-innovation through internet using e-mail, social

media like Facebook, twitter, messenger etc.

Exchange information through internet can be done in the following ways:

i. Important and confidential information can be exchanged through internet by

using e-mail by computer.

ii. Information of any kind can be exchanged through internet with the help of

mobile phone.

iii. We can share pictures, video through internet by using mobile or computer.

iv. We can exchange information through Social networking service (SNS) like

Facebook, Short messaging service (SMS) by mobile through the internet.

9. How to exchange / share/ spread information using technology? Give

live examples.

Ans: Now-a-days information is exchanged using technologies mentioned below:

i. News and views can be exchanged by using a telephone.

ii. News and views can be exchanged by using mobile phone.

iii. Important information in the form of picture, video, diagram, figure, text etc.

can be exchanged through fax.

iv. Important and confidential information can be exchanged by using internet

through e-mail, SNS, SMS using mobile and computer.

v. Radio, wireless and laptop are few more technologies that can be use to

exchange information.

Chapter-11

Weather & Climate

Subject: Science

Std- V

S/Q/A:

1. Name three natural disaster of Bangladesh.

Ans: Bangladesh is a disaster prone country. One of the main disaster of

Bangladesh is the Nor’wester or Kal-Baishakhi. Other than that the

country often faces flood and cyclone along with tornado.

2. What weather?

Ans: Weather is the temporary state of sky and the atmosphere at a

certain place. Therefore weather is different in different places and at

different time of the day.

3. What are the components of climate?

Ans: As climate is closely related with weather, the components of

climate is also the same as weather. The climate components are

temperature, humidity, wind, cloud, rain and air pressure.

4. When does air blow from the ocean to land?

Ans: During day time air blow from ocean to land. Because low

pressure develops over land and high pressure develops over the ocean.

As per the principle of air pressure wind blows from high pressure to

low pressure.

5. How does weather forecast help you in your life?

Ans: Weather forecast help us in deciding what to do and what to wear

daily. It also help us in deciding our plans for weekends and important

meetings. Weather can be predicted daily.

6. What is climate?

Ans: The average weather condition of a place over number of years is

called the climate of that place. Climate is the changes of usual weather

pattern in that certain area.

7. What produces monsoon wind system?

Ans: The seasonal temperature contrasts of the land and ocean develop

high and low pressure system. It produces monsoon wind system.

8. What brings moisture from the Bay of Bengal?

Ans: The southeast seasonal wind brings moisture from the Bay of

Bengal during rainy season. This moisture causes heavy rainfall.

9. What brings cold dry air from the northern land?

Ans: The northeast monsoon wind brings cold dry air from the northern

land in winter.

10. What happens because of severe heat waves?

Ans: Severe heat wave can cause catastrophic crop failures. It also

causes thousands of deaths of animals including human beings.

11. Why do droughts occur?

Ans: A usually long period of dry weather is called drought. Droughts

occur due to abnormally less rainfall and high temperature than usual.

12. What type of damages does tornado cause?

Ans: Tornado can cause various damages such as removing roofs,

collapsing some exterior walls of poorly built structures and severe crop

destruction. The very strong wind due to tornado can even destroy well-

built structures.

13. What is tidal wave?

Ans: Due to the influence of cyclone, sea water along with sea waves

enters into the coastal area and it is known as tidal wave.

14. How does low air pressure create?

Ans: During the day time, land become warmer than the water and the

warmer land warms the air above. Air that is warmed becomes lighter

than the surrounding air, so it rises up. As a result, low air pressure

develops over the land.

15. What is humidity?

Ans: The amount of water present in air is called humidity.

16. In which process water vapour turns into clouds?

Ans: Being light water vapour go up, cool down and turn into small

particles of water which gather to form clouds in the sky. This process is

called condensation.

B/Q/A:

1. What is air pressure?

Ans: Air of atmosphere means the mixture of various gases that

surrounds the earth and it is a substance having weight. Thus the weight

or pressure of air is known as air pressure. Hence, air pressure is the

force produced by the weight of the air pressing down on the earth’s

surface. Air pressure decreases gradually from earth’s surface to

upwards. Wind blows depending on air pressure. That is, air flows from

a place of high air pressure to a place of low air pressure.

2. How does low air pressure create?

Ans: Air or atmosphere refers to the mixture of different gases that

surrounds the earth. Air is a substance by nature and as such it has

weight or pressure. It also has temperature. So, when air of a place gets

hot due to hot atmosphere its temperature gradually rises up and weight

or pressure gradually goes down making the air lighter than the

surrounding air. As a result that very place become airless gradually

creating low pressure. In this way, low air pressure is created in a

particular warm place. For example- during day time land area become

warmer than that of ocean area creating low air pressure at land area.

3. Why is there more rainfall during rainy season in Bangladesh?

Ans: There is a vast mass of water namely the Bay of Bengal to the

south of Bangladesh. In the rainy season a lot of water vapour is formed

in the Bay of Bengal. Due to the development of southwest monsoon

wind in this season it creates high and low pressure which carries this

huge amount of water vapour. When the water vapour in the air cools

down it rains heavily in this period of time in Bangladesh.

4. Explain the cause of the Kalbaishakhi.

Ans: Thunderstorm which is common during summer in Bangladesh is

called Kalbaishakhi or Nor’wester. Kalbaishakhi grows by surface

heating. It is more frequent in the late afternoon. Kalbaishakhi occurs

generally in the month of April-May (Baishakh) due to low air pressure.

It take place at any place and causes extensive destruction within a short

time. Kalbaishakhi brings thunder and lightning, heavy rain, hail,

gusty/squally winds and even tornadoes.

5. How do weather and climate alike and different?

Ans: Weather and climate is not the same, though there is a close

relation between them. The components of weather and climate are the

same, such as temperature, air pressure, wind, humidity, moisture, cloud,

rain. Yet weather and climate has differences too. Weather is the

condition of sky and atmosphere of a place for a short time. Climate is

the general condition of weather of a place for many years. We can

predict daily weather of a place but prediction of climate of that same

place is very difficult.

6. Which month is better for going on a picnic, July or January?

Why?

Ans: January is the better month for going on a picnic. Climatologically,

the rainy season of Bangladesh starts in the middle of June and ends in

August. And in January, it is winter and the weather is almost dry. Since

it is wet and rainy during July, it is better to go for a picnic in January.

7. Sunny lives in the area where people suffered from a prolonged

period of excessively hot weather with no rain. What is the

phenomenon known as? Write in two sentences when our country

deals with this situation. Write three sentences what damages are

caused by this disaster.

Ans: The prolonged period of excessively hot weather with no rain is

called heat wave.

Usually, people of our country experiences heat wave every year.

However, extreme and unbearable heat waves may occur once a century.

The following damages are caused by heat wave:

i. Severe heat wave can cause catastrophic crop damage.

ii. Heat waves can also cause thousands of death of animals including

human beings.

iii. People’s lives get disrupted because of heat wave.

8. In our country the humidity in the air is higher during June.

What does it measure? Write five sentences about its relation with

rainfall.

Ans: Humidity measures the amount of moisture in the air.

Five sentences about the relationship between moisture and rainfall are:

i. Humidity depends on the amount of moisture in the air which controls

rainfall.

ii. The less the humidity is in the air, the lower the moisture resulting

lower amount of rainfall.

iii. When the air becomes heavier with moisture, its rains heavily.

iv. When moisture cools down it causes heavy rainfall.

v. The average monthly rainfall and humidity in the air are higher in the

rainy season than those in other seasons.

9. Robin took his umbrella before leaving his house. Which season

does it indicate? Write the name of a natural disaster by extreme

weather in this season. Write in four sentences why it rains harder

in Bangladesh during this season.

Ans: The fact that Robin took his umbrella before leaving his house

indicates that it is rainy season.

The name of a natural disaster caused by the extreme weather in this

season is flood.

During rainy season, the land surface remains warmer than the sea

surface, so air pressure is low in lands and high in seas. As a result, the

southwest seasonal wind brings much moisture from Bay of Bengal to

the lands. The air becomes heavy with this moisture and becomes

humid. This causes heavy rainfall in our country during rainy season.

10. What is the consequence of cyclone?

Ans: Cyclone is created in the Bay of Bengal which heat the coastal area

of Bangladesh or the coast of West-Bengal and Orissa of India.

Cyclones get obstacles entering the land from houses, trees etc. A

cyclone does wide range of damages to the houses, fishing farms, crops,

trees etc. It kills people and cattle. Moreover, it brings excessive rainfall

as it carries water vapour. Due to the influence of cyclone salt water

enters with sea waves in to the coastal regions. Sometimes it washes

away everything in the coastal areas.

Chapter-12

Climate Change

Subject: Science

Std- V

S/Q/A:

1. What is global warming?

Ans: The gradual increase in temperature of the earth’s atmosphere,

which is caused by the increase of particular gases, especially carbon

dioxide is called global warming.

2. What is the main cause of the global warming?

Ans: Increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is the main cause of

global warming.

3. Give an example of the climate change in Bangladesh.

Ans: Bangladesh is one of the most disaster prone country in the world.

Due to climate change, different natural disaster is increasing day by day

with more strength and force.

4. What are the effects of global warming on the environment?

Ans: Global warming changes climate and climate change causes to

increase natural disaster and problems. These are the effects of global

warming on the environment.

5. What is climate change?

Ans: A significant and persistent change in the climate and its variability

is called climate change.

6. What is a greenhouse?

Ans: A greenhouse is made up of glass. It traps the Sun’s heat. It helps

to keep plants warm and alive in extreme cold weather.

7. Give an example of the climate change in Dhaka.

Ans: An example of the climate change in Dhaka is that the annual

mean temperature in Dhaka is gradually increasing.

8. How earth’s atmosphere act as same as the greenhouse?

Ans: Earth’s atmosphere does the same thing as the greenhouse. As the

atmosphere is the layers of air that surrounds the Earth’s surface, gases

in the atmosphere such as water vapour and carbon dioxide do what the

glass roof of a greenhouse does i.e, trapping the heat of the sunlight.

9. Write two names of natural disasters due to climate change.

Ans: Two names of natural disaster due to climate change are-

i. increasing frequency and severity of tropical cyclone and storm surge.

ii. occurring heavier and more erratic rainfall.

10. Write one observational fact of the global warming.

Ans: One observational fact of the global warming is the glacial retreat

over Himalayan mountain range and polar region causing sea level rise

due to the melting of ice and thermal expansion of the sea water.

11. What is climate change adaptation?

Ans: The measure to survive in the changing climate is called climate

change adaptation.

12. Different long-term activities can help reduce the changes in our

climate. Mention two such activities.

Ans: Two long-term activities that can help reduce the changes in our

climate are:

i. increasing the use of renewable resources and

ii. planting more trees.

B/Q/A:

1. Why the inside of the greenhouse remain warm? Explain.

Ans: In cold countries where plants cannot exist for ice and bitter cold

green vegetables are grown there in greenhouses. Greenhouse means a

house made of glass or plastic. Glass or plastic is used in the houses

because of the transparent characteristics that allows sunlight to enter

into the house but preventing heat from going out of the house. As a

result, greenhouse remains warm.

2. How do climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation

related to each other?

Ans: Climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation is very

closely related to each other. As the climate is changing due to global

warming, necessary step like planting more trees, decrease the use of

fossil fuel and recycling will mitigate or reduce global warming. Also, to

survive in the existing damages caused by climate change, adaptation

activities such as- developing infrastructure, constructing cyclone

shelters, innovating salt tolerant crops, changing lifestyle and creating

public awareness is very important. Without these dual action of

mitigation and adaptation, the solution of climate change problem

cannot be solved.

3. How can we mitigate climate change?

Ans: Climate change can cause various natural disasters. So, we should

take some positive steps to mitigate the rate of climate change. The

following steps can be taken to mitigate the rate of climate change:

i. To minimize emergence of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere reducing

of fossil fuel like coal, oil and natural gas which are not renewable.

ii. To maximize uses of solar energy which is renewable.

iii. Planting trees more and more so that they take adequate amount of

carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

iv. Reducing energy consumption in our daily life.

4. Why the atmosphere of the earth works as the glass of

greenhouse?

Ans: A greenhouse is a transparent glass house which traps the sun’s

heat in order to grow green plants in cold countries. In this case

atmosphere consisting of different gases like carbon dioxide, methane,

water vapour etc. works like the glass house trapping the sun’s heat

resulting the temperature rise of the earth. Thus the atmosphere works as

the glass of the greenhouse.

5. What is climate change adaptation? Explain.

Ans: A significant and persistent change in the climate and its variability

is called climate change. Scientists tell us that climate change is a

continuous process. Many countries of the world have so far taken

various programs to adapt themselves to the changed situation due to

climate change. The programs that are taken for surviving on earth due

to climate change is known as climate change adaptation. The main

objective of climate change adaptation is to minimize the risk of climate

change.

6. As the average temperature of the earth is increasing, how will it

affect our life?

Ans: Temperature is an important factor of weather as well as climate.

Temperature influences weather of an area. If it changes, change in

weather is found. Again if temperature changes permanently, then

climate is changed. Global warming is directly related to temperature.

Thus the rise of temperature causes various climatic disturbances such as

natural calamities all over the globe. So, the increase of average

temperature of the earth affects us to a great extent.

7. Day by day the risk of natural disaster in our environment is

increasing at an alarming rate. Write down six steps that can be

taken to adapt in such situation.

Ans: To deal with the climate change that have already been set in

motion, several adaptive measures need to be taken. The steps are-

i. developing the infrastructure such as houses, schools and factories

ii. construction of flood and cyclone shelter

iii. creating coastal afforestation

iv. innovating salt tolerant crops

v. changing our lifestyle

vi. disseminating knowledge of climate change.

8. Write five sentences about the risks of climate change.

Ans: Scientists predicted that climate change will worsen many of the

current problems and natural hazards. Climate change will lead to

following risks of natural disasters:

i. increasing frequency and severity of tropical cyclone and storm surge

ii. occurring heavier and more erratic rainfall causing flood

iii. occurring lower and more erratic rainfall causing drought

iv. sea level rise and salt- water intrusion in the river

v. forest and habitat destruction and animal extinction.

** F/B & M/J from the full chapters. (Read thoroughly)