more than water for everyone kelly kalvelage amanda homan rebekka brown

MORE THAN WATER FOR EVERYONE

Kelly KalvelageAmanda HomanRebekka Brown

8.5 MILLION

LIMA, PERU

COMAS DISTRICT IN LIMA, PERU. PERSONAL PHOTOGRAPHY BY AUTHOR. MARCH 2012.

MORE THAN WATER FOR EVERYONE K. KALVELAGE, A. HOMAN, R. BROWN

INFORMAL COMMUNITIES

4.25 MILLION

LIMA, PERU. PERSONAL PHOTOGRAPHY BY AUTHOR. MARCH 2012.


IMPOVERISHED CONDITIONS

PUEBLOS JÓVENES



LACK ACCESS TO SAFE WATER

1.1 MILLION



LACK ACCESS TO BASIC SANITATION

1.3 MILLION



UNATTAINABLE GOAL



SOLUTIONSMORE THAN WATER FOR EVERYONE


CHANGES

SLUMLESSCITY

PHYSICAL

SOCIAL

ECONOMICAL


SOLUTIONS

LOW INCOME HOUSING


CONNECT LOW INCOME HOUSING TO INCOME GENERATION

ACCESS TO TRANSPORTATION

LAND TENURE

LAND TENURE


DEED

SELF-HELP MODEL


COST IS GREATEST BARRIER


WATER

WATER INFRASTRUCTURE $

WATER SUPPLY


CHILLÓN

RÍMACLURÍN

150L150L

150L


HEALTHY

WATER CONSUMPTION

DEADLY

60L

0L

INFORMAL SECTOR RESIDENTS

LIMA’S RESIDENTS

30L

15L

WHAT IF THERE WAS A SUFFICIENT WATER SUPPLY?


WATERSUPPLY

WATERSUPPLY

AVAILABILITY AND QUALITY OF WATER RESOURCES



FOG CATCHERS


HALL, N. PHOTOGRAPHS OF FOG-COLLECTING IN CHILE. 2012.

DESICCANT SYSTEMS


Ji, Wang, and Li (2007)Gad, Hamed, and El-Sharkawy (2001)

Hamad, Ayman, and Zeidan (2011)Kabeel (2007)


WASTEWATER


Yu, Yaoqiu, Ningsheng, Zhifeng, and Lianzhong (2008)Garfi, Ferrer-Marti, Velo, and Ferrer (2012)

Ferrer et al. (2011)


SOLUTIONS


WATER

HOME

SANITATION



WATER

SANITATION

HOME

COMPONENTSMORE THAN WATER FOR EVERYONE




TOILET AND SHOWER UNIT

ANAEROBIC BIOGAS DIGESTER

AEROBIC COMPOSTING UNIT

DESICCANT HUMIDITY EXTRACTOR

TOILET AND SHOWER UNITMORE THAN WATER FOR EVERYONE


TOILET AND SHOWERUNIT


WATER TANK

SHOWER SPIGOT

TOILET SEAT

LIQUID CATCH

SOLID CATCH

DECORATIVE PANEL

BATHROOM BASE

DRAIN

GRAY WATER STORAGE PIPE

DECORATIVE PANELS


PANEL

PANEL INSERT

SQUARE DIAMOND

CROSS SQUARE PLAIN

ANAEROBIC BIOGAS DIGESTERMORE THAN WATER FOR EVERYONE


ANAEROBIC BIOGASDIGESTER


CONNECTOR TUBE

MEMBRANE DOME

DIGESTER TANK

GAS STORAGE TANK

FUNNEL/INLET CAP

INLET VALVE

OUTLET VALVE

AEROBIC COMPOST UNITMORE THAN WATER FOR EVERYONE


AEROBIC COMPOSTINGUNIT


COMPOST BIN SURROUND

DESICCANT HUMIDITY EXTRACTORMORE THAN WATER FOR EVERYONE


DESICCANT HUMIDITYEXTRACTOR


SYSTEMMORE THAN WATER FOR EVERYONE


OVERVIEW OF SYSTEM

METHANE

TREATEDWASTE

COMPOSTING UNIT

COOKING

LIQUID WASTE

DRINKING

POTABLE WATER

SOLID WASTE

DESICCANTHUMIDITY

EXTRACTOR

GRAYWATER

SHOWER

TOILET

GARDEN

BIOGAS DIGESTER

KITCHENSCRAPS


TOILETTOILET

LIQUID WASTE

SOLID WASTE

WASTE ENTERS AND SEPARATED INTO SOLID AND LIQUID


SOLID LIQUID

TOILETTOILET

LIQUID WASTE

SOLID WASTE

TOILET DISASSEMBLED TO REMOVE FROM HOME


BIOGAS DIGESTERBIOGAS DIGESTER

TREATED WASTE

SOLID WASTE

METHANE

BACTERIA PROCESSES WASTE

METHANE STORED

METHANE USED


SOLID WASTE DUMPED INTO DIGESTER

BIOGAS DIGESTER


BACTERIA PROCESSES WASTE AND METHANE GAS IS CREATED/RELEASED

BIOGAS DIGESTER

TREATED WASTE

SOLID WASTE

METHANE


METHANE STORED

METHANE USED

BIOGAS DIGESTER


GAS FUNNELED AT TOP OF DIGESTER AND TRAVELS TO STORAGE TANK

BIOGAS DIGESTER

TREATED WASTE

SOLID WASTE

METHANE


METHANE STORED

METHANE USED

BIOGAS DIGESTER


GAS STORED UNTIL NEEDED FOR COOKING

BIOGAS DIGESTER

TREATED WASTE

SOLID WASTE

METHANE


METHANE STORED

METHANE USED

BIOGAS DIGESTERPROCESSED WASTE REMOVED


BIOGAS DIGESTER

TREATED WASTE

SOLID WASTE

METHANE


METHANE STORED

METHANE USED

COMPOSTING UNITPROCESSED WASTE + LIQUID WASTE + KITCHEN SCRAPS COMBINED AND ADDED TO WEEKLY BIN

COMPOST

TREATED WASTE

LIQUID WASTE

FERTILIZER

TURNED

GARDEN SELL

KITCHENSCRAPS


COMPOSTING UNITTURNED DAILY TO ALLOW OXYGEN TO REACH ALL PARTS TO ALLOW BACTERIA TO PROCESS AND REDUCE SMELL


COMPOST

TREATED WASTE

LIQUID WASTE

FERTILIZER

TURNED

GARDEN SELL

KITCHENSCRAPS

COMPOSTING UNITAFTER A MONTH, FERTILIZER IS REMOVED


COMPOST

TREATED WASTE

LIQUID WASTE

FERTILIZER

TURNED

GARDEN SELL

KITCHENSCRAPS

COMPOSTING UNIT

FERTILIZER USED IN GARDEN OR SOLD


$$$

COMPOST

TREATED WASTE

LIQUID WASTE

FERTILIZER

TURNED

GARDEN SELL

KITCHENSCRAPS


COVER OPENED AT NIGHT

WATER ADSORBED

OPEN COVER

WATER RELEASED

COVER CLOSED

WATER COLLECTED

WATER STORED



WATER ADSORBS TO DESICCANT


WATER ADSORBED

OPEN COVER

WATER RELEASED

COVER CLOSED

WATER COLLECTED

WATER STORED


COVER CLOSED DURING DAY


WATER ADSORBED

OPEN COVER

WATER RELEASED

COVER CLOSED

WATER COLLECTED

WATER STORED


UNIT HEATS UP


WATER ADSORBED

OPEN COVER

WATER RELEASED

COVER CLOSED

WATER COLLECTED

WATER STORED


DESICCANT RELEASES WATER MOLECULES


WATER ADSORBED

OPEN COVER

WATER RELEASED

COVER CLOSED

WATER COLLECTED

WATER STORED


WATER MOLECULES CONDENSE ON COVER


WATER ADSORBED

OPEN COVER

WATER RELEASED

COVER CLOSED

WATER COLLECTED

WATER STORED


WATER DRAINS


WATER ADSORBED

OPEN COVER

WATER RELEASED

COVER CLOSED

WATER COLLECTED

WATER STORED


WATER STORED UNTIL NEEDED FOR COOKING OR BATHING


WATER ADSORBED

OPEN COVER

WATER RELEASED

COVER CLOSED

WATER COLLECTED

WATER STORED

SHOWERWATER ADDED TO TANK

SHOWER,BATHE,LAUNDRY

WATER TANK FILLED

WATER STORED

WATERDRAINED


SHOWERSHOWER, BATH, LAUNDRY



WATER TANK FILLED

WATER STORED

WATERDRAINED

SHOWERWATER DRAINED



WATER TANK FILLED

WATER STORED

WATERDRAINED


SHOWERWATER STORED UNTIL NEEDED FOR GARDEN


WATER TANK FILLED

WATER STORED

WATERDRAINED

OVERVIEW OF SYSTEM

METHANE

TREATEDWASTE

COMPOSTING UNIT

COOKING

LIQUID WASTE

DRINKING

POTABLE WATER

SOLID WASTE

DESICCANTHUMIDITY

EXTRACTOR

GRAYWATER

SHOWER

TOILET

GARDEN

BIOGAS DIGESTER

KITCHENSCRAPS


IMPLEMENTATIONMORE THAN WATER FOR EVERYONE



IMPLEMENTATION

SOCIAL

ECONOMICAL

ENVIRONMENTAL

SOCIAL BENEFITS


ECONOMIC BENEFITS


FOR SALE

$$$

ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS


$$$

REFERENCES


World Bank. (2003). Peru - Supplementary Project to the Lima Water Rehabilitation and Management Project. Washington, DC: World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/01/2112810/peru-supplementary-project-lima-water-rehabilitation-management-project

Fernandes-Maldonado, A. (2010). Recent housing policies in Lima and their effects on sustainability. 46st ISoCaRP Congress.

Bebbington, A., Williams, M. (2008). Water and Mining Conflicts in Peru. Mountain Research and Development. 28(3/4), 190-195.

Castro, C., Merzthal, G., van Veenhuizen, R. (2010). Integrated urban water management in Lima, Peru: Building capacity for treatment and reuse of wastewater for green spaces and urban agriculture - A review of the SWITCH Lima project. [Online]. Available at http://www.irc.nl/page/58311.

Williams, S. (2000). Young Town Growing Up. Thesis. 1-145.

Mar, J. (1968). Urbanización y barriadas en América del Sur (recopilación de estudios realizados entre 1956 y 1966). Lime: Instituto de Estudios Peruanos.

Ji, J., Wang, R., Li, L. (2007). New composite adsorbent for solar-driven fresh water production from the atmosphere. Desalination. 212, 176-182.

Gad, H.E., Hamed, A.M., El-Sharkawy, I.I. (2001). Application of a solar desiccant/collector system for water recovery from atmospheric air. Renewable Energy. 22, 541-556.

Hamed, A., Ayman, A., Zeidan, E.B. (2011). Application of Solar Energy for Recovery of Water from Atmospheric Air in Climatic zones of Saudia Arabia. Natural Resources. 2, 8-17.

Kabeel, A.E. (2007). Water production from air using multi-shelves solar glass pyramid system. Renewable Energy. 32, 157-172.

Ferrer, I., Garfi, M., Uggetti, E., Ferrer-Marti, L., Calderon, A., Velo, E. (2011). Biogas production in low-cost household digesters at the Peruvian Andes. Biomass and Bioenergy. 35, 1668-1674.

Garfi, M., Ferrer-Marti, L., Velo, E., Ferrer, I. (2012). Evaluating benefits of low-cost household digesters for rural Andean communities. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 16, 575-581.

Yu, L., Yaoqiu, K., Ningsheng, H., Zhifeng, W., Lianzhong, X. (2008). Popularizing household-scale biogas digesters for rural sustainable energy development and greenhouse gas mitigation. Renewable Energy. 33, 2027-2035.

Calizaya Luna, J.C., CENCA (2005). Ecodess: an alternative sanitation in Peru. International Conference on Ecological Sanitation. Durban, South Africa, 23-26 May 2005.

Graham, Carol. (1991). The APRA Government and the Urban Poor: the PAIT Programme in Lima’s Pueblos Jóvenes. 23(1), 91-130.

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[15]LIMA, PERU. PERSONAL PHOTOGRAPHY BY AUTHOR. MARCH 2012.

more than water for everyone kelly kalvelage amanda homan rebekka brown

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