•Mood DisordersMood Disorders–Many people have ups and Many people have ups and downsdowns

–But some people have mood But some people have mood swings that are not swings that are not appropriate for the situation.appropriate for the situation.

–Depression – feelings of Depression – feelings of helplessness, helplessness, hopelessness, hopelessness, worthlessness, guilt and worthlessness, guilt and great sadness.great sadness.

•Types of Mood DisordersTypes of Mood Disorders–Major Depression –the Major Depression –the most common of all most common of all psychological disorders.psychological disorders.

–100 million people 100 million people worldwide are affectedworldwide are affected

–Diagnosed when people Diagnosed when people display 5 of 9 symptoms display 5 of 9 symptoms (see handout)(see handout)

–Symptoms must be Symptoms must be present for at least 2 present for at least 2 weeks.weeks.

•Bipolar Disorder – involves a Bipolar Disorder – involves a cycles of mood changes from cycles of mood changes from elation to depression (mania)elation to depression (mania)– Inflated self-esteemInflated self-esteem– Inability to sit stillInability to sit still–Pressure to keep talkingPressure to keep talking–Racing thoughtsRacing thoughts

•Why do people have mood Why do people have mood disorders?disorders?–Suffered a lossSuffered a loss–Learned that things are out of Learned that things are out of their controltheir control

–Try to explain events : “ I Try to explain events : “ I messed up”messed up”

–Negative view of selfNegative view of self

–Between 20-25% of people Between 20-25% of people with mood disorders have a with mood disorders have a family member that suffers family member that suffers from the same symptoms.from the same symptoms.

–Neurotransmitters may play a Neurotransmitters may play a role (low levels of serotonin)role (low levels of serotonin)

•Schizophrenia – loss of contact Schizophrenia – loss of contact with realitywith reality–Usually appears in young Usually appears in young adulthoodadulthood

–Hallucinations, voicesHallucinations, voices–Delusions of grandeur –belief Delusions of grandeur –belief that they are superior to others.that they are superior to others.

•May believe they are famous May believe they are famous or on a special mission to or on a special mission to save the world.save the world.

–Social withdrawSocial withdraw–Catatonic Stupor – immobile, Catatonic Stupor – immobile, expressionless, coma-like stateexpressionless, coma-like state

–An estimated 2 million people An estimated 2 million people in the U.S. have schizophreniain the U.S. have schizophrenia

•Types:Types:–Paranoid – may be convinced Paranoid – may be convinced that people are plotting that people are plotting against themagainst them

•Agitated, confused and Agitated, confused and afraid.afraid.

–Disorganized- unconnected Disorganized- unconnected hallucinations, emotionless hallucinations, emotionless or show inappropriate or show inappropriate emotionsemotions

–CatatonicCatatonic

•Activity slowsActivity slows

•May hold unusual or May hold unusual or uncomfortable body uncomfortable body positions for a long timepositions for a long time

•Why do people have Why do people have Schizophrenia?Schizophrenia?–Overwhelming of the ego Overwhelming of the ego by the urges of the idby the urges of the id

–Family environmentFamily environment–Brain disordersBrain disorders

•Differences in the frontal Differences in the frontal lobe, smallerlobe, smaller

•Loss of synapses (structures Loss of synapses (structures that connect neurons)that connect neurons)

–Mothers had pregnancy Mothers had pregnancy complications (flu)complications (flu)

–Multifactorial Model of Multifactorial Model of SchizophreniaSchizophrenia

•Personality DisordersPersonality Disorders–Usually show up in late Usually show up in late adolescenceadolescence

–Enduring traits (not illnesses)Enduring traits (not illnesses)

•Paranoid – suspiciousness Paranoid – suspiciousness and distrustand distrust

•Schizoid – no interest in Schizoid – no interest in relationships. Lack relationships. Lack emotional responsivenessemotional responsiveness–No delusions or No delusions or hallucionationshallucionations

•Antisocial – disregard for Antisocial – disregard for the rights of others (run the rights of others (run away, hurt others, break away, hurt others, break the law)the law)

•Avoidant – fear of the Avoidant – fear of the disapproval of others (shy disapproval of others (shy and withdrawn)and withdrawn)

–Why do people have Why do people have personality disorders?personality disorders?

•Problems in developmentProblems in development

•Learned behaviorsLearned behaviors

•Genetic factorsGenetic factors