Mood Disorders468-475

Mood Disorders• Psychological Disorders

characterized by emotional extremes.

• Major Depressive Disorder

•Bipolar Disorder

•Seasonal Affective Disorder

•Dysthymia

Depression

• The common cold of psychological disorders.• 1 /4 women and 1/8 men suffer from at some

point in their life.– A result of stress (exhaustion) in some

Major Depressive Disorder

• A person, for no apparent reason, experiences two or more weeks of depressive moods.

•Feelings of worthlessness

•Loss of interest

•Cannot function – get out of bed, do tasks at home, school, or work

•Sometimes lack of personal hygiene

Dysthymia

• Low grade, constant depression• Persistent low energy• Functions adequately

Seasonal Affective Disorder

Bipolar Disorder

• Person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania.

Mania

• A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state

• Mania patient

Famous People with Bipolar

Bipolar Brain

Biological Explanations for Mood Disorders

• Biological – twin studies show 70% heritability. – Bipolar disorder is seen in 1% of any

population

• Increasing serotonin and norepinephrine lift mood

Psychoanalytic Explanations for Mood disorders

• Anger directed inward (repressed)

• Overactive Superego

Behavioral and Cognitive Explanations

• Moodiness = attention from others. Reinforces behaviors

• Pessimistic attributions

• Learned Helplessness

Cognitive Triad of Depression

Suicide

Suicide