montgomery boycott and civil rights movement g moore
TRANSCRIPT
Montgomery Boycott and Civil Rights MovementG Moore
Background to Boycott
Main Events of Boycott
Consequences of Boycott
Rosa Parks aged 90
Rosa died 2005
Lying in State
Funeral
Aretha Franklin at funeralTributes took 7 hours!!
Bernice King
Changes in High SchoolsSUPREME COURT RULING 1956 –
SCHOOL SEGREGATION UNCONSTITUTIONAL
ALL WHITE SCHOOLS HAD TO ACCEPT BLACK STUDENTS
MAJOR CLASH IN LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS
STATE GOVERNOR REFUSED TO ACCEPT INTEGRATED SCHOOLS
The Little Rock 9
9 BLACK STUDENTS TRIED TO ENTER LITTLE ROCK HIGH SCHOOL
VERBALLY ABUSED – THREATENED – SENT HOME FOR SAFETY
1100 FEDERAL TROOPS SENT TO PROTECT THE “LITTLE ROCK 9”
HAD TO BE PROTECTED FOR OVER A YEAR
Universities
SEGREGATED UNIVERSITIES NOT ALLOWEDUNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI THE FLASH
POINTJAMES MEREDITH REFUSED ENTRYNAACP WON RIGHT OF MEREDITH TO
ATTENDJFK SENT FEDERAL TROOPS TO PROTECT
HIMRIOTS – 2 DIED – HUNDREDS INJURED20K TROOPS TO KEEP THE PEACEUNIVERSITIES INTEGRATED VERY SLOWLY
The Sit-in ProtestsPROTESTS BEGAN IN NORTH CAROLINASTUDENTS LED THE PROTESTS4 BLACK STUDENTS SAT AT “WHITES-
ONLY” COUNTERBEGAN A “SIT-IN” PROTEST – SPREAD
TO OTHER PLACES - ATTACKEDSNCC THE MAIN PROTEST ORGANISERSOVER 50K YOUNG PEOPLE INVOLVED IN
PROTESTCAMPAIGN ALSO SUCCESSFUL
KKK attacks on Inter-state buses
Victim
Violence and intimidation
CIVIL RIGHTS MARCHES CAME UNDER ATTACK
WORST ATTACKS IN BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA
POLICE USED VERY EXTREME TACTICS4 YOUNG GIRLS KILLED IN CHURCH
BOMBING 1963 3 CIVIL RIGHTS WORKERS MURDERED IN
MISSISSIPPI 1964 KU KLUX KLAN INVOLVED IN ALL ATTACKS
Speech 5.40http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/ind
ex.php/encyclopedia/documentsentry/doc_eulogy_for_the_martyred_children/
Eulogy at funeralsAnd yet they died nobly and this
afternoon in a real sense they have something to say to each of us in their death. They have something to say to every minister of the gospel who has remained silent behind the safe security of stained-glass windows. They have something to say to every politician [Audience:] (Yeah) who has fed his constituents with the stale bread of hatred and the spoiled meat of racism.
MLK eulogyAnd so today, you do not walk alone.
You gave to this world wonderful children. [moans] They didn’t live long lives, but they lived meaningful lives. (Well) Their lives were distressingly small in quantity, but glowingly large in quality. (Yeah) And no greater tribute can be paid to you as parents, and no greater epitaph can come to them as children, than where they died and what they were doing when they died. (Yeah)
MLKThey did not die in the dives and
dens of Birmingham (Yeah, Well), nor did they die discussing and listening to filthy jokes. (Yeah) They died between the sacred walls of the church of God (Yeah, Yes), and they were discussing the eternal meaning (Yes) of love
This stands out as a beautiful, beautiful thing for all generations. (Yes) Shakespeare had Horatio to say some beautiful words as he stood over the dead body of Hamlet. And today, as I stand over the remains of these beautiful, darling girls, I paraphrase the words of Shakespeare: (Yeah, Well
: Good night, sweet princesses. Good night, those who symbolize a new day. (Yeah, Yes) And may the flight of angels (That’s right) take thee to thy eternal rest. God bless you.
Thomas BlantonJailed in May 2001
Mississippi car from swamp
Mississippi trialJailed but NOT for murder
Edgar Ray KillenFinally convicted in June 2001
Civil Rights ActSIGNED BY L.B. JOHNSONSEGREGATION FORBIDDEN IN
PUBLIC PLACESEQUAL EMPLOYMENT
COMMISSION FORMEDNO FUNDING FOR SEGREGATED
SCHOOLS, HOSPITALS etcGOAL – END ALL SEGREGATION
BASED ON RACE OR RELIGION
Voting Rights ActMISSISSIPPI WORST STATE FOR VOTINGHUGE PROTESTS TOOK PLACEMLK ORGANISED FAMOUS MACH FROM
SELMA TO MONTGOMERYACT SIGNED BY LBJ IN 1965OUTLAWED LITERACY TESTS AND POLL
TAXCITIZENSHIP ONLY REQUIREMENT TO
VOTEHUGE INCREASE IN # BLACK VOTERS IN
SOUTH
Other Black ProtestorsBEGAN IN EARLY 1960’s WITH MALCOLM XHE BECAME LEADER OF NATION OF ISLAMHE URGED BLACK PEOPLE TO FIGHT BACKOTHER NEW ORGANISATIONS ALSO
CREATEDMOST FAMOUS WAS THE BLACK PANTHERSSLOGAN WAS “BLACK POWER” – YOUNG
URBAN BLACK SUPPORTERSBECAME VERY MILITANT AND
CONTOVERSIAL
ConclusionCIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT DID
SUCCEED MANY BLACK PEOPLE WENT ON TO
GREAT SUCCESSLARGE NUMBER OF BLACK
POLITICIANS ELECTEDBUT BY 1989 – ONE-THIRD BLACK
FAMILIES IN POVERTYBLACK UNEMPLOYMENT OVER
TWICE THAT OF WHITES
Conclusion
YOUNG BLACK UNEMPLOYMENT AT 30-40%
BLACK LIFE EXPECTANCY 10 YEARS LOWER THAN WHITES
HUGE PROBLEMS OF CRIME AND DRUG ABUSE IN BLACK AREAS
WASHINTON DC – 42% YOUNG BLACK MEN IN JAIL/PROBATION/PAROLE