monitoring and enforcement of activity standard in emergency response and disaster management plan...
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Monitoring and Monitoring and Enforcement of activity Enforcement of activity standard in emergency standard in emergency response and disaster response and disaster
management planmanagement plan(erdmp)(erdmp)
ANIL KUMAR SHARMAANIL KUMAR SHARMACHIEF ENGINEERCHIEF ENGINEER
.C.G. ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION BOARD.C.G. ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION BOARD
EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
Systematic and Critical examination of an industrial operation in its entirety to identify potential hazards and level of risks/ disaster.
To mobilize all the technical & manpower resources to investigate the causes and means of preventions
For foreseeing hazards and risks and preventing them before the occurrence.
Regulatory, moral and economic necessity. Safety and productivity are closely linked and sound
productivity practices are linked with the sound safety practices.
Investments in safety pays back in short period and are thus an economic necessity.
Enhances the morale of the work force and add to productivity in turn.
The Rating of Activity Standards
Based on the data gathered through questionnaire and participative interaction a detailed activity standard proforma is to be filled up.
The rating of activity standards is to be done through brain storming session with groups, industry supervisor, foreman etc.
The rating is by a simple semantic scale of “Poor-Fair-Good-Excellent”.
The form allows only for manual rating, which is slow and tedious.
The Standard Safety Performance Rating (SSPR)
Provides a means of comprehensive safety performance rating under six heads of management control.
Organization & Administration of Safety, health & Environment
Industrial hazard control Fire control and industrial hygiene Supervisory and workman participation motivation and
training. Accident investigation, Analysis Reporting & follow up
Action. Off the job safety.
SWOT Analysis of Safety Performance
SWOT is a general purpose management performance review system and is valuable for OHS. Audits also.
It is a study of the Strengths, Weaknesses and Threats (SWOT)
Example: - Strength and Weakness - Exploitation of Opportunities - Recognition and Control of
Threats.
Evaluation for Activity Standards for ERDMP
Organization and Administration of Safety, Health and Environment.
Industrial hazards Control Fire control and Industrial hygiene Supervisory and Workman participation,
Motivation and training. Accident investigation analysis, reporting and
follow up action. Additional areas of performance rating as may be
felt.
Data Required
Detailed diagram, layout equipment specification preparing
layout etc. Safe operating procedure Maintenance policy laid down practices. Framing Meteorological conditions Area map Necessary data EMP/MP
Methodology Data collection and site visits. Study of the SOPs (Safe Operating Procedures) and safety
mechanisms. Study of the organization structure, technical manpower
selection, training and age group combinations. Study of the lay out and preparation of Hazard check list. Study of HAZOP report to find the potential disaster scenarios
and the possible sequence of deviations leading to disasters and measures to control the same .
Development of scenarios of potential disasters. Study of the failure rates and reliability data. Source modeling and Scenario development of potential
disasters.
Methodology Study of the meteorological data. Evaluation of the risk levels against other and related
human activities as well as international guidelines and norms.
Recommendations on control of potential disasters and risk mitigation.
Modeling for environmental impact assessment. Interpretation of computer out put. Evaluation of risks, comparison with norms and
development of mitigation measures. Preparation of reports HAZOP etc.
Activity Standards for Safety Audits [
EVALUATION DONE FOR :
S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
A. ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
1. Declaration of safety, health and environment policy and assignment of responsibilities assigned
No statement of safety, health and environment policy as per statutory provisions. Responsibility and accountability not assigned
A general understanding of safety, health and environment control, Responsibility and accountability, not written
Formal Safety, health and environment policy declared and copies in English and local language widely displayed and circulated and responsibilities written and distributed to supervisors.
In addition to 'Good', safety, health and environment policy, same is reviewed periodically and posted. Responsibility and accountability is emphasized in supervisory performance evaluations
2 Safe Operating Procedures (SOPs)
No written SOPs Written SOPs for some but not all hazardous operations
Written SOPs for all hazardous operations
All hazardous operations covered by a procedure, posted at the job locations, with an annual documented review to determine adequacy
3 Employee selection and placement
Only pre employment physical exam given
In addition, an aptitude test is introduced to new employees
In addition to ‘fair’ new employees past safety record is considered in their employment
In addition to 'Good', when employees are considered for promotion, their safety attitude and record is considered
S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
4. Emergency and disaster control plans
No plan or procedure Verbal understanding on emergency procedures
Written plan containing the minimum requirements
All types of emergencies covered with written procedures, Responsibilities are defined with backup personnel provisions
5 Direct management involvement
No Measurable activity
Follow up on accident problems
In addition to Fair management reviews all injury and property damage reports and holds supervision accountable for firm corrective measures
In addition so Good, reviews all investigation reports loss control problems are treated as other operation problems in staff meetings.
6 Plant safety rules No written rules Plan safety rules, have been developed and posted
Plant safety rules are incorporated in the plant work rules
In addition plant work rules are firmly enforced and updated at least annually
B. INDUSTRIAL HAZARD CONTROL
1 House keeping of storage of materials etc.
House keeping is generally poor. Raw material items being processed
House keeping is fair, Some attempts to store adequately materials are being made
House keeping and storage of materials are orderly. Heavy and bulky objects well stored out of aisles, etc.
House keeping and storage of materials are ideally controlled
2 Machine guarding Little attempt is made to control hazardous points on machinery
Partial but inadequate or ineffective attempts at control are in evidence
There is evidence of control which meets statutory requirements are still possible
Machine hazards are effectively controlled to the extent that injury is unlikely. Safety of operator is given proper importance at the time of process design
S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
3. General area guarding
Little attempt is made to control such hazards as: unprotected floor. Openings : slippery or effective floors : stair way surfaces : inadequate illuminations etc.
Partial but inadequate attempts to control these hazards are evidenced
There is evidence of control which meets the statutory requirements but further improvements still needed.
There hazards are effectively controlled to the extent that injury is unlikely
4 Maintenance of equipment guards. Hand tools etc.
No systematic programme of maintaining guards, hand tools, controls, and other safety features of equipments etc.
Partial but inadequate or ineffective maintenance
Maintenance programme for equipment and safety features is adequate. Electrical hand tools are tested and inspected before insurance, and on a routine basis
In addition to Good is preventive maintenance systems programmed for hazardous equipment and devices. Safety reports flied and safety department consulted when abnormal conditions are found.
5 Material handing- manual and mechanized
Little attempt is made to minimize possibility of injury from the handling of materials
Partial but ineffective or inadequate attempts at controls are in evidence
Loads are limited to size and shape for handling by hand, and mechanization is provided for heavy or bulky loads
In addition to controls for both manual and mechanized handling, adequate measures prevail to prevent conflict between other workers and material being moved.
S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
6. Personal protective equipments (PPEs) – adequacy and use
Proper equipments not provided or is not adequate for specific hazards
Partial but inadequate or ineffective provision, distribution and use of personal protective equipments
Proper equipments is provided. Equipment identified for special hazards. Distribution of equipment. Is controlled by supervisor, employee is required to use protective equipment
Equipment provided complies with standards. Close control maintained by supervision. Use of safety equipment recognized as an employment. Requirement. Injury record bears this out
7 Equipment Health Equipments in poor shape and no programme of revamping
Equipments may provide unreliable and interrupted service
Equipments maintained well and a good programme of overhauling and replacement
Equipments in excellent condition and predictive, Preventive , annual turn around and replacement programmes to ensure top shape of equipments
8 General Chemical Hazard Control
No Chemical Hazard control programme in vogue
Chemical hazards are identified, but no systematic efforts made to enforce regular system of chemical Hazard control
MSDS for all chemical available, displayed and a systematic Chemical Hazards control Programme in vogue
In addition to Good level, there is considerable general floor level awareness, concern and practice of chemical Hazard control
9 Hazard Identification and Analysis
No concept of Hazard Identification and Analysis
There is a general concept of Hazard Identification, but no systematic effort towards Hazard Identification and Analysis
HAZOP study undertaken and applied to identifying and solving potential hazards
Periodical HAZOP studies undertaken and all recommendation of independent HAZOP are effectively implemented. For new projects pre- design stage and as built plant HAZOPs as well as periodical HAZOPs undertaken and implemented
S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
10. Safe Work Permits and Confined Space Entry
No system of Safe Work Permit in use
Work is authorized only by verbal instructions and care taken to ensure safety
There is a written Safe Work Permit and Confined Space entry permit system and the same is effectively practiced
In addition to 'Good', level, there are levels of Safe Work Permits and elaborate instructions are laid down and ensured for all maintenance and construction activities
11 Equipment Safety Devices- Lockouts, locking, trips, alarms etc.
Even minimal equipment safety devices lacking
Minimal equipment safety devices found
Elaborate system of trips and interlocks provided to ensure avoidance of accidents and equipment damages due to human error
In addition to Good level, there is a total central Control system for control lf all equipment and machinery and are the system is maintained and operated by highly qualified personnel
12 Maintenance No modern maintenance system. Only break down maintenance in vague
Some planned maintenance practices found
There is a written down and practiced system, of preventive and planned shut down maintenance
In addition to 'Good', level, there a system, of predictive and annual turn around shut down to ensure trouble free operations throughout the year and break downs are minimal and do not involve practically any major plant shut down
S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
13. Solid waste, Air and water pollution control
No system of solid waste, air and water pollution monitoring, treatment and effluent disposal system in vogue
Some elementary awareness of the need for waste treatment and disposal and efforts in hand to take some measures
There is a well established system of controlling, treating and proper disposal of all wastes and air and water pollution levels are regularly monitored
In addition to Good level, there is great awareness and concern beyond meeting minimal statutory standards and a research oriented effort is being made to improve processes to make operations with minimal wastes and system of recycling water and other resources is being extensively practiced
14. Design Safety Safety aspects are not kept in view at the plant design stage
Some consideration for safety at the design stage and minimal statutory provisions of machine guarding etc. ensured
The plants are built with satisfactory system of built-in-safety
Extensive safety measures ensured right from the design stage and the concept of Systems design safety is well understood and practiced
C. FIRE CONTROL AND INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE
1. Chemical Hazard control references
No knowledge or use of reference data
Data available and used by foremen when needed
In addition to 'Fair', additional standards have been requested when necessary
Data posted and followed where needed. Additional standards have been promulgated, reviewed with employees involved and posted
Sr.No.
ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
2. Flammable & explosive materials control
Storage facilities don't meet fire regulations. containers don't carry name of the contents. Excessive quantities permitted in manufacturing areas
Some storage facilities meet minimum fire regulations. Most containers carry names of contents. some approved disposing equipment in use
Storage facilities meet minimum fire regulations. Most containers carry name of contents. Approved equipment generally used. Supply at work area is limited say one day requirement of other norm
In addition to 'Good', storage facilities exceed the minimum fire regulations and containers are always labeled. A strong policy is in evidence relative to the control of the handling, storage and use of flammable materials
3. Ventilation Furnas, smoke & dust control
Ventilation rates are below industrial hygiene standards in areas where there is industrial hygiene exposure
Ventilation rates in exposure areas meet minimum standards
In addition to 'Fair', ventilation rates are periodically measured, recorded and maintained at approved levels
In addition to 'Good', equipment is properly selected and maintained at maximum efficiency
4 skin contamination control
Little attempt at control or elimination of skin irritation exposure
Partial but incomplete programme for protecting workers. First-aid reports on skin problems are followed up on an individual basis for determination of cause
The majority of workmen instructed concerning skin-irritating materials. Workmen provided with approved personal protective equipments or devices. Use of these equipment is enforced
All workmen informed about skin-irritating materials. Workmen in all cases provided with approved personal protective equipment of devices. Use of proper equipment enforced and facilities available for maintenance. Workers are encouraged to wash skin frequently. Injury records indicate good control.
S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
5. Fire control measures
Do not meet minimum statutory requirements
Meet minimum statutory requirements
In addition to 'Fair', additional fire hoses and /or extinguishers are provided. Welding permits issued. Extinguishers on all welding carts
In addition to 'Good', a fire crew is organized and trained in emergency procedures and in use of fire fighting equipment and regular fire drills are conducted and other employees also included in such fire drills and training Programmes
6. Solid, liquid and gaseous waste collection, treatment, and disposal
Control measures are inadequate
Some controls exist for disposal of harmful wastes of trash. Controls exist but are ineffective in methods or procedures of collection, treatment and disposal
Most waste collection, treatment and disposal problems have been identified and control Programmes instituted. There is room for further improvement
Waste collection, treatment and disposal is very effective and air, water and earth contamination hazard potentials minimal
7. Hazard and Operability Studies (HAZOPS)
Unaware of HAZOP studies
Some hazard studies conducted but no formal HAZOP study organized
Formal HAZOP studies conducted and areas of operation, maintenance, handling and transportation hazards identified
In addition to 'Good', level, HAZOP study, application has been made of potential disaster scenarios in developing emergency preparedness plan
S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
8. Emergency Preparedness Plan
Not prepared EMP has been prepared only
EMP has been well publicized and effective tested Preparedness tested periodically
Extensive EMP Preparedness programme with day-to-day monitoring weather conditions and keeping alert on the on-site and off-site vulnerable areas in the event of potential disasters
D. SUPERVISORY AND WORKMEN PARTICIPATION, MOTIVATION AND TRAINING
1. Line supervisor safety training
All supervisors have not received basic safety training
All shop supervisors have received some safety training
All supervisors participate in divisional safety training session periodically e.g.a minimum of twice a year
In addition to 'Good', special sessions conducted on specific problems
2. Safety committee No Safety committee as per statutory requirements in existence
Safety committee in existence just meeting the statutory requirements but not effective
A standing safety committee representing management and workmen constituted in terms of statutory provisions and effectively working
In addition to effective safety, committee as under 'Good', the recommendations of the safety committee are given importance and effectively implemented. All cases of near misses and minor and major accidents reviewed and accident investigation reports made available to the safety committee
S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
3. Indoctrination of new employees on safety, health and environments requirements
No programme of indoctrination of new employees on safety, health and environments requirements
Verbal only A written handout to assist the indoctrination
A formal and rigorous indoctrination of new employees on safety, health and environments policy is in effect
4. Job Hazard analysis and keeping track of even near misses
No such job hazard control system in existence
Job hazard control programme being implemented in select areas
Job hazard analyses done and near misses kept track of
Not only is Job hazard analyses and near misses kept track of, but substantial awareness of the relationship between near misses, no injury accidents, minor injury major accidents
5. Specialized training on specially hazardous operations, maintenance, loading unloading and transportation activities
Inadequate training given on specially hazardous activities
An occasional training given for specially hazardous activities
Safety training is given for all specialized and hazardous activities on a regular basis and retraining provided to review correct procedures
In addition to 'Good', a periodical review done and training areas and procedures improved and extensive use of audiovisuals and drills conducted as part of training
6. Internal self inspection
No written programme for identifying hazardous activities and or condition
Reliance on statutory authority for reporting hazardous activities
A written programme of internal inspection, responsibilities frequency and follow up is in effect
Internal inspection and control is measured in terms of results in reduction of near misses and accidents. Inspection results are followed up by top management
S. No.
ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
7 Safety promotion and publicity
Bulletin boards and posters are considered the primary means of safety promotion
Additional safety displays, demonstrations, films, are used infrequently
Safety displays, competitions, debates, discussions, lectures, films frequently used
In addition to ‘Good’, special display cabinets, windows, etc. are provided and displays are provided and changed regularly and keyed to special themes
8 Supervisor/ workmen safety contact and communication
Little or no attempt made by supervisor to discuss safety with workmen
Infrequent communications between supervisors and workmen on safety aspects
Supervisors regularly cover safety when reviewing work practices with workmen individually and collectively
In addition to ‘Good’, supervisors make good use of the shop safety plans and regularly review job safety requirements with each worker and emphasis on safe job performance while reviewing the worker’s safety performance
E. ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION, ANALYSIS, REPORTING AND FOLLOW UP ACTION
1 Accident investigation by line personnel
No accident investigation made by line men
Line supervision makes only investigation of medical injury cases
Line supervision trained in accident investigation and do carry out investigation of all accidents, determines causes in the overall perspective, recommends corrective measures in a time bound way
In addition to the ‘Good’ level investigation is made of all accidents within 24 hours of the occurrence, reports reviewed by department heads and plant managers and action corrective actions initiated to avoid recurrence
S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
2. Accident analysis to reveal relationship between various accident factors
No accident analysis undertaken
Some basic analysis of accidents made for cause, location and operation
Detailed accident records maintained and regularly analyzed to reveal broad pattern of relationship of various accident parameters
Computerized data base of near misses and accidents along with advanced PC-Software based accident analysis undertaken regularly to determine pattern of near misses and accidents in relation to a wide range of parameters and this analyses is used as an effective tool for control of accidents
3 Investigation of property damage cases
No specified programme
Verbal inquiry or a general practice to inquire about only property damage accidents
Written requirement of investigation of all property damage accidents involving a specified loss limit say Rs. 100/-
All property damage accidents are recorded, reported and investigated and corrective measures including improved specifications for equipments and spares required to be considered
4 Accident reporting and recording
Inadequate procedures and practices
Only reportable Accidents are properly reported and records maintained as per statutory requirements
Recording of accidents covers also non reportable ones like first aid cases and used for analysis
All accidents including near misses, first aid cases and reportable accidents are recorded, reported and used for detailed analysis
S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
OFF-THE-JOB-SAFETY
1. Administrative system for off-the-job-safety
None existing and off-the-job accidents treated as no concern of management
Only informal concern for off-the-job-safety
Formalized off-the-job-safety programme
Specific policy statement on the significance of off-the-job-safety and formal organizational responsibilities laid down and practiced
2 Reporting, recording, and cause analysis of all off-the-job-accidents of employees
None in existence Off-the-job accident victim is met as a matter of human concern only
Formal reporting, recording, investigation and cause analysis and consoling the victim and family
In addition to ‘Good’, there is a formalized system of providing medical and moral help to victim and family and investigation report is made use of in training employees on the need for off-the-job safety keeping in view the family and economic losses and miseries
3 Training on off-the-job-safety
None Generally off-the-job-accidents are discussed only
There is a formal procedure to highlight the need for off-the-job-safety in safety training
All safety training programmes, publicity programmes and safety manuals specifically include off-the-job-safety
S.N. ACTIVITY POOR FAIR GOOD EXCELLENT
Rating -> 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
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