mongol empire
DESCRIPTION
MONGOL EMPIRE. MONGOLS. NOMADIC people from Central Asia “STEPPE” – dry grasslands Herders who lived In various clans. MONGOLS BECOME UNITED. Around 1200 – leader united Mongol clans Name – TEMUJIN He takes the title GENGHIS KHAN Meaning “universal ruler” - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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MONGOL EMPIRE
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MONGOLS
NOMADIC people from Central Asia “STEPPE” – dry grasslands Herders who lived In various clans
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MONGOLS BECOME UNITED Around 1200 – leader united Mongol
clans Name – TEMUJIN He takes the title GENGHIS KHAN Meaning “universal ruler” Ruled for 21 years Conquered Central Asia/China
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MONGOLS
*Mongols were skilled HORSEMAN & Fierce WARRIORS
*Campaigns were often accompanied by wholesale massacres of the civilian populations
*1227-Genghis Khan died - He was buried in an unmarked grave somewhere in Mongolia at an unknown location
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GENGHIS KHAN
REASON FOR SUCCESS: 1. Brilliant Organizer 2. Gifted Strategist 3. Used Cruelty
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Genghis Khan: A short history
http://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us/videos/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us-genghis-khan
http://podtail.com/#!/podcast/stuff-you-missed-in-history-class/did-genghis-khan-really-kill-1-748-000-people/32329/ (45 seconds)
PODCAST:
HISTORY CHANNEL:
TIME WARP TRIO:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WDtiIh-PA2w&index=2&list=PLF0azKrwRG9_pCcYvY8iiB9kptZBKGbPY
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MONGOLS AFTER GENGHIS KHAN1227-Genghis Khan dies 3rd son (OGEDEI) succeeds Rules from 1228-1241 Succeeded by oldest son (Guyuk – grandson of Genghis Khan) Rules from 1246 -1248 Next ruler – Mongke (another grandson of Genghis) Rules from 1251-1259
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MONGOL KHANATES
After death of Mongke Empire is divided into 4 KHANATES 1. Golden Horde (Russia) 2. Ilkhanate (Persia) 3. Chagatai (Central Asia) 4. Great Khan (China)
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Khanate – GOLDEN HORDE Ruler –Genghis’ Grandson – BATU
KHAN Mongols rule Russia for 200 years Forced Russians to pay tribute Allowed Russian culture to continue Follow all usual CUSTOMS
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MONGOLS in RUSSIA
Allowed to keep RELIGIOUS Beliefs{as long as they made no attempts to REBEL} Isolated Russia from rest of Europe Ended in 1480 – Ivan III - CZAR
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IIKHANATE
Ruler -HULAGU KHAN – Genghis’ Grandson
Ended Golden Age of Islam 1258 -Sack of BAGHDAD Destroyed House of Wisdom &Grand
Library of Baghdad Captured and killed the Abbasid
Caliph Later Mongols would convert to
Islam
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KHANATE OF THE GREAT KHAN Ruler –KUBLAI KHAN– Genghis’
grandson {officially ruler of ENTIRE empire}
Establishes YUAN DYNASTY in China Controlled Mongolia, China, Korea Died in 1294; Empire ends in 1368
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KUBLAI KHAN
1. 1st time in 300 years China UNITED2.Only time China ruled by a FOREIGNER3. Opens up China to FOREIGN trade4. Did not change CULTURE
*Restored/Extended GRAND CANAL*Helped increase foreign TRADE
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PAX MONGOLICA
Period of stability under Mongol rule Controlled Silk Road Connected Eastern world with West Eased Communication & Commerce Allowed Chinese innovations to reach
West
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MARCO POLO
Merchant from Venice, Italy Stayed in China for 17 years Travelled throughout China Returned to Italy Described Chinese society Many question if he did go to China
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Marco Polohttp://podtail.com/#!/podcast/stuff-you-missed-in-history-class/who-was-marco-polo/32276/
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8t_Vzeq5L3g Cornell Notes:
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TROUBLE for YUAN DYNASTY Mongols tried to conquer JAPAN (1274
& 1281): Invasions failed - Mongols lost up to 75% of their troops and supplies both times on the ocean as a result of major storms Kublai Khan died in 1294 Dynasty ended in 1368 Mongols replaced by MING dynasty
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END OF MONGOL RULE
Khanates ended at different times Persians, Russians, Chinese
overthrow Mongol rule Weak rulers after Genghis’
grandsons