Monday, September 22Monday, September 22Do Now:Do Now:Shake off the weekend Shake off the weekend

cobwebs. Review, recall, cobwebs. Review, recall, and answer:and answer:

1.1. How did Yellow Journalism How did Yellow Journalism influence Americans’ views of the influence Americans’ views of the Cuban Rebellion?Cuban Rebellion?

2.2. What did John Hay mean when he What did John Hay mean when he called America’s war with Spain a called America’s war with Spain a “splendid little war”?“splendid little war”?

3.3. How did U.S. policies, such as the How did U.S. policies, such as the Platt Amendment, secure control Platt Amendment, secure control over its newly acquired territories?over its newly acquired territories?

4.4. What methods did the United What methods did the United States use to gain land and States use to gain land and influence in the Pacific Region?influence in the Pacific Region?

Agenda:Agenda:Do-NowDo-NowQuiz CorrectionQuiz CorrectionNotes on the international Notes on the international

effects of the Spanish-effects of the Spanish-American War & American War & ImperialismImperialism

Homework:Homework:Read Chapter 17, Section 3 Read Chapter 17, Section 3

in your textin your textCopy and complete the Copy and complete the

chart provided chart provided

DO-NOW ANSWERSDO-NOW ANSWERSYellow Journalism inspired sympathy for the Cuban Yellow Journalism inspired sympathy for the Cuban rebels, built American nationalism, and increased a sense rebels, built American nationalism, and increased a sense of hatred for the Spanish, and a demand for interventionof hatred for the Spanish, and a demand for intervention

John Hay meant that the war was short and victorious. John Hay meant that the war was short and victorious. American deaths in battle were relatively few and the cost American deaths in battle were relatively few and the cost relatively inexpensive.relatively inexpensive.

The Platt Amendment made Cuba into an American The Platt Amendment made Cuba into an American satellite. The Treaty of Paris made the Philippines, Guam, satellite. The Treaty of Paris made the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico American possessions. American forces and Puerto Rico American possessions. American forces fought a brutal campaign to retain control of Philippines.fought a brutal campaign to retain control of Philippines.

The US proclaimed an Open Door trade policy with China. The US proclaimed an Open Door trade policy with China. The US acquired partial control over Samoa by treaty and The US acquired partial control over Samoa by treaty and by declaring protectorate status. The US annexed Hawaii by declaring protectorate status. The US annexed Hawaii in 1898.in 1898.

How was the Spanish How was the Spanish American War resolved?American War resolved?

1898 Treaty of Paris1898 Treaty of Paris

Spanish government Spanish government recognizes Cuba’s recognizes Cuba’s independenceindependence

Spain gives Spain gives Philippines, Puerto Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam to the Rico, and Guam to the United States with a United States with a $20 million price tag$20 million price tag

Can the US build an empire Can the US build an empire and become a colonial and become a colonial

power when the nation’s power when the nation’s basic principle is the right to basic principle is the right to

liberty?liberty?

Dilemma in the PhilippinesDilemma in the Philippines

Can the US become a colonial power when the Can the US become a colonial power when the nation’s basic principle is the right to liberty?nation’s basic principle is the right to liberty?– Many say NO!Many say NO!

President McKinley declares Filipino people President McKinley declares Filipino people “unfit for self-government” to justify the “unfit for self-government” to justify the disrespect for American idealsdisrespect for American ideals– Ironically, also claims they needed to be ChristianizedIronically, also claims they needed to be Christianized

Dilemma in the PhilippinesDilemma in the Philippines

Filipino rebel leader, Emilio Aguinaldo, Filipino rebel leader, Emilio Aguinaldo, issues a proclamation in January declaring issues a proclamation in January declaring his country a republichis country a republic– The US ignores himThe US ignores him– Tensions build and a war erupts in FebruaryTensions build and a war erupts in February– Bitter war carries on for 3 years, then Bitter war carries on for 3 years, then

occasional fighting continuesoccasional fighting continues

1946 Philippines gains complete 1946 Philippines gains complete independenceindependence

WAR WITH PHILIPPINESWAR WITH PHILIPPINESFORMER BROTHERS AT WAR, FORMER BROTHERS AT WAR,

NO LONGER:NO LONGER:

4,000+ Americans killed4,000+ Americans killed3,000+ Americans wounded3,000+ Americans wounded

16,000 Filipino rebels killed16,000 Filipino rebels killed200,000 Filipino civilians killed200,000 Filipino civilians killed

““Had the Filipinos been white and fought as bravely as they Had the Filipinos been white and fought as bravely as they have, the war would have been ended and their have, the war would have been ended and their independence granted a long time ago.”independence granted a long time ago.” -An American critic of -An American critic of the war with the Philippinesthe war with the Philippines

““Much as we abhor the ‘criminal aggression’ Much as we abhor the ‘criminal aggression’ in the Philippines, greatly as we regret that in the Philippines, greatly as we regret that the blood of the Filipinos is on American the blood of the Filipinos is on American hands, we more deeply resent the betrayal hands, we more deeply resent the betrayal of American institutions at home. The real of American institutions at home. The real firing line is not in the suburbs of Manila. firing line is not in the suburbs of Manila. The foe is of our own household. The The foe is of our own household. The attempt of 1861 was to divide the country. attempt of 1861 was to divide the country. That of 1899 is to destroy its fundamental That of 1899 is to destroy its fundamental principles and noblest ideals.”principles and noblest ideals.”

- Anti-Imperialist - Anti-Imperialist LeagueLeague

Anti-ImperialistAnti-Imperialist

Pro-ImperialistPro-Imperialist

What’s going on here?What’s going on here?

Cuba & Puerto RicoCuba & Puerto RicoSupporters of Cuban independence attached the Supporters of Cuban independence attached the “Teller Amendment” to Congress’ 1898 war “Teller Amendment” to Congress’ 1898 war resolution with Spainresolution with Spain– Promised the US would not annex CubaPromised the US would not annex Cuba

American involvement does not end with victory American involvement does not end with victory over Spainover Spain– President McKinley installs a military government to President McKinley installs a military government to

protect American businessprotect American businessRules for 3 yearsRules for 3 yearsOrganized a school systemOrganized a school systemRestored economic stabilityRestored economic stability1900, Cubans began to draft a constitution1900, Cubans began to draft a constitution

Cuba & Puerto RicoCuba & Puerto RicoCuba’s constitutionCuba’s constitution– Based on US constitution and did not allow US to Based on US constitution and did not allow US to

remain involvedremain involved– US US insists insists they include the “Platt Amendment”they include the “Platt Amendment”

Limited the abilities of the Cuban Gov.Limited the abilities of the Cuban Gov.Gave the US the right to intervene whenever necessaryGave the US the right to intervene whenever necessaryThis remains in force until 1934This remains in force until 1934

Puerto Rico did not become independentPuerto Rico did not become independent– The US granted Puerto Ricans US citizenship to The US granted Puerto Ricans US citizenship to

squelch an independence movementsquelch an independence movement

HawaiiHawaii1880’s1880’s– Renewed trade treatyRenewed trade treaty– Lease of Pearl Harbor to the US as a refuel/repair Lease of Pearl Harbor to the US as a refuel/repair

station for shipsstation for ships

Late 1880’sLate 1880’s– Hawaiian-born white planters forced King Kalakaua to Hawaiian-born white planters forced King Kalakaua to

accept a new constitution and gave them control of accept a new constitution and gave them control of the governmentthe government

President McKinley in favor of annexationPresident McKinley in favor of annexation

SamoaSamoa1878 US negotiates a treaty offering protection 1878 US negotiates a treaty offering protection in return for a lease on the harbor at Pago Pagoin return for a lease on the harbor at Pago Pago

1800’s, Britain and Germany begin competing 1800’s, Britain and Germany begin competing for the islands of Samoa, toofor the islands of Samoa, too– Almost leads to warAlmost leads to war– Arrange a 3-way protectorate of Samoa in 1889Arrange a 3-way protectorate of Samoa in 1889– 1899 Britain withdraws from Samoa1899 Britain withdraws from Samoa

Germany and the US divide up the islands and Germany and the US divide up the islands and the US acquires the harbor at Pago Pagothe US acquires the harbor at Pago Pago

SamoaSamoa

SamoaSamoa

Open Door?Open Door?

New New PerspectivePerspective

HOMEWORKHOMEWORK: Read Chapter 17, Section 3. : Read Chapter 17, Section 3. Copy the chart below, and fill in the information.Copy the chart below, and fill in the information.

PolicyPolicy Big Stick Big Stick DiplomacyDiplomacy

Dollar Dollar DiplomacyDiplomacy

Moral Moral DiplomacyDiplomacy

PresidentPresident

Description of Description of PolicyPolicy

Description of Description of how the policy how the policy

was enactedwas enacted

Which Which countries were countries were targeted by the targeted by the

foreign policyforeign policy