mon 18.20 wireless monitoring and control apc9072
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Authors: Waqas Ikram and Nina F Thornhill
Department of Chemical Engineering
Imperial College London
AC 9, , , 1920 2011
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AC 9, , , 1920 2011
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AC 9, , , 1920 2011
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Made possible by advancements in performance of wireless networking
and a reduction in price of networkingAC 9, , , 1920 2011
* DoE
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& * HGH
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and less mechanical design limitations
AC 9, , , 1920 2011
* ARC Avisory, 2008
** Hartebrodt et al., 2004*** Ferris, 2010
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Industrial Measurements
Machine Condition
Monitoring
Structural Health
Monitoring
Process
MonitoringMONITORING
Open-Loop Closed-Loop SupervisoryCONTROL
Management
Environmental Monitoring
Emissions
Monitoring
Fire/Gas
DetectionClimate/Air
Monitoring
StrandedField Data
StrandedAssets
Remote &Aging Assets
Control Control Control
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& C: !
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AC 9, , , 1920 2011
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The cost-effective operation of a plant is highly dependent on automation systems,
of which communication networks are a life-line to the process operationsAC 9, , , 1920 2011
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C A A C :
315
420
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after (Georgiev, B [2003]) & Binsai
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License-exempt, Low-power and Globally Available *
IEEE802.11x (Issues) according to Irwin et al.,
-- Channel Contention linked to Scalability
-- Retransmission of data leading to delays
-- Insufficient bandwidth can lead to longer delays
-- FIFO etc.
* Restriction on channels and emission levels apply
AC 9, , , 1920 2011
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802.11
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.. &
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Hence are not suitable for Process Automation
()
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A100.11
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AC 9, , , 1920 2011
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STANDARDS
ZigBee PRO WirelessHART ISA100.11a WIA-PA
Transceiver IEEE802.15.4 IEEE802.15.4 IEEE802.15.4 IEEE802.15.4
Topology
(Mesh Support)
Star, Tree, Mesh
(Yes)
Mesh
(Yes)
Star, Tree, Mesh
(Yes)
Hybrid Star and Mesh
(Yes)
Channel Hopping Agility Time slot Hopping Time slot Hopping &
Slow Hopping
AFD &
Time Slot Hopping
Superframe Slot Size N/A 10ms Configurable Configurable
Time slot Hopping Time slot Hopping &
Slow Hopping
AFD &
Time Slot Hopping
10ms Configurable Configurable
anne ccess
Device Type FFD, RFD FFD FFD, RFD FFD, RFD
Expansion/New Extension of ZigBee Extension of HART
protocol
New protocol New protocol
Determinism No Yes Yes Yes
Channel Management
Features
Preferred Channel Blacklist Whitelist & Blacklist Adaptive
Battery Life* Best Good Good Good
Reliability and
Robustness against
Jamming
Low Good Good Depends on Hopping
mechanism
Extension of HART
protocol
New protocol New protocol
Blacklist Whitelist & Blacklist Adaptive
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AC 9, , , 1920 2011
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C A :
Wireless Monitoring and Control
Future
Curre
ntAdoption
from ISA100.11a
Mesh technologyis useful to increase reliability and range, however, it can
lead to increase in latencytimes (concern for control)AC 9, , , 1920 2011
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C C:
Wireless Monitoring and Control
A
C
C :
( )
D
AC 9, , , 1920 2011
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H C?
Wireless Monitoring and Control
A
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C 2.45 GH
C ()
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AC 9, , , 1920 2011
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Wireless Monitoring and Control
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-Controller Design needs tobe robustand adaptive to
communications constraints
AND
-Network needs to be optimised
for end-to-end control
performanceAC 9, , , 1920 2011
* Liu, X & Goldsmith, A.
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Wireless Monitoring and Control
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AC 9, , , 1920 2011
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Wireless Monitoring and Control
MSF Transmitter
Mote Integrated with Radio Clock
C EFA 2010:
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Deployment sites
Imperial
College
London
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Wireless Monitoring and Control
Wireless Network Sensor(s)
Ac
tuator(s)
H C
C ACC 2010:
: , ,
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PROCESSCONTROLLER
Wireless Network
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Using wireless communication for closing the loop requires robustness, guaranteed
real-time data delivery, integrity, securityand availabilityunder all conditions.
AC 9, , , 1920 2011
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