momentum. definitions: example 1 a 2250 kg pickup truck has a velocity of 25 m/s to the east. what...
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Momentum
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Definitions:
“Momentum is the product of an object’s mass and its velocity.”OR
“Momentum is a measure of how hard it is to stop or turn a moving object.”
The symbol for momentum is: p
The equation is: for “linear momentum”.The units are:
kg for the mass m/s for the velocity
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Example 1
• A 2250 kg pickup truck has a velocity of 25 m/s to the east. What is the momentum of the truck?
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running girl OR running boy?
What if both of them had the same speed – would that affect your answer?
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Which one has more momentum?
A parked car? OR A crawling centipede?
Explain your answer.
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Which do you think has more momentum?
Is it possible that they could ever have the same momentum?
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For two objects to have the same momentum, they either need:
1. Not the same masses, or the same velocities, but the same mxv.
2. Equal velocities of zero. If they are both at rest then they both have zero momentum.
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Sample Problem
How fast must a 2 kg rock be thrown in order to have the same momentum as a 3 kg rock that was thrown at a speed of 8 m/s?
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Sample Problem
A 90-kg tackle runs West at 5.0 m/s and a 75-kg quarterback runs East at 8.0 m/s.
a. Who has more momentum?
b. What happens if they collide?
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Important point:
Momentum is often used to figure out who will “win” if two things collide.
In a head-on collision, the object with the most momentum will “push” the other object backward.
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Sample Problem
How fast must an electron move to have the same momentum as a proton moving at 300 m/s?
(handy fact: the mass of a proton is ~ 2000x greater than an electron)
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Just remember:
It’s better to have mo-mentum than it isto have less-mentum!