module 6 - bridges cisco fundamentals of wireless lans version 1.2
TRANSCRIPT
Module 6 - Bridges
Cisco Fundamentals of Wireless LANs version 1.2
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Overview
• Designed to connect two or more networks, typically located in different buildings, wireless bridges deliver high data rates and superior throughput for data-intensive, line-of-sight applications.
• The bridges connect hard to wire sites, noncontiguous floors, satellite offices, school or corporate campus settings, temporary networks, and warehouses.
• The high-speed links between the wireless bridges deliver throughput many times faster than E1/T1 lines for a fraction of the cost, thus eliminating the need for expensive leased lines or difficult to install fiber-optic cable.
802.11a (We will be using 1300 bridges)
Bridge Connection
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Bridging Defined
• Bridges are used to connect two or more wired LAN’s, usually located within separate buildings, to create one large LAN.
Technology Comparisons
TechnologyTechnology
Recurring CostRecurring Cost
Installation Cost
Installation Cost
Monthly Cost (USD)Monthly Cost (USD)
Dialup or 56K
Dialup or 56K
$25 to $50$25 to $50$0 to $250$0 to $250
Barriers to ImplementBarriers to Implement
Remote locationsRemote
locations
Cable/DSLCable/DSL $0 to $250+$0 to $250+ $25 to $150$25 to $150
E1, T1E1, T1
ReliabilityReliability
FiberFiberPhysical
obstructionsPhysical
obstructions
$250 to $1,000+$250 to $1,000+ $400 to $1000+$400 to $1000+ AvailabilityAvailability
$5,000 to $200,000+$5,000 to $200,000+ $0$0
MicrowaveMicrowave Licensing, Weather
Licensing, Weather
$15,000+$15,000+ $0$0
802.11802.11 $2,000 to $15,000
$2,000 to $15,000 $0$0 InterferenceInterference
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Monthly Leased Line OpEx
2 DS1: $600
1 DS3: $5000
TOTAL: $5600
RBOC provides guaranteed level of service via a Service Level Agreement (SLA)
RBOC
DS3DS1
DS1
New remote office
- No DS1 connection available
Traditional WAN Connectivity
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Monthly Line Cost
2 DS1: $600
1 Fractional DS3: $3000
TOTAL: $3600
Wireless Installation Cost
7 350 Series Bridges Installed: $12,500 USD
Pay Back Period: 3 months
New building connected
Self managed
22 Mbps
2 Mbps
2 Mbps
5 Mbps
802.11b Connectivity
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Monthly Line Cost
2 DS1: $600
1 DS3: $5000
TOTAL: $5600
Wireless Installation Cost
7 1400 Series Bridges Installed: $40,000 USD
Pay Back Period: 8 months
New building connected
Self managed
50 Mbps
14 Mbps
14 Mbps
27 Mbps
802.11g Connectivity
Americas – Point-to-Point• 4.5 miles (7 km) at 54 Mbps• 14 miles (23 km) at 11 Mbps
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Role in Radio Network
• Role in Radio Network – Determines
functionality within WLAN
– Determines which type of clients will be supported
File Server
BridgeBridge
Access Point (repeater mode)
Access Point (repeater mode)
PC CardPC CardPCI CardPCI Card
Workgroup Bridge
Workgroup Bridge
BR350 or BR1310
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Bridges
• Cisco bridges can be controlled and configured though command line and web interfaces.
• Management can also be done through traditional protocols like SNMP.
BR1310
AIR-BR1310G-A-K9-R AIR-BR1310G-A-K9
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Bridge roles in the network
• The Cisco bridges can be configured to operate in different modes. • The BR350, or multifunction bridge, has the same receiver sensitivity, power levels, and
capabilities, as the Cisco Aironet APs with .11b radio chips.• This means that while operating in AP mode, the Cisco Aironet multi-function bridge can
be configured as a fully IEEE 802.11 compliant AP, which will support wireless clients
VxWorks
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Parent-Child Relationship: Root - Non-Root
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Bridge roles in the network
• Root Access Point—Use this setting to set up the bridge as a rugged access point connected to the wired LAN.
Root Access Point
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Bridge roles in the network
• Root bridge—One bridge in each group of bridges must be set as the root bridge. A root bridge can only communicate with non-root bridges and other client devices and cannot associate with another root bridge.
Root Bridge
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Bridge roles in the network
• Non-Root Bridge w/Clients—Use this setting for non-root bridges that will accept associations from client devices, and for bridges acting as repeaters. Non-root bridges can communicate with other non-root bridges, root bridges, and client devices.
Non-Root Bridge with Clients
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Bridge roles in the network
• Non-Root Bridge w/o Clients—Use this setting for non-root bridges that should not accept associations from client devices. A bridge set to Non-Root Bridge w/o Clients will only communicate with a root or non-root bridge.
Non-Root Bridge without Clients
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Bridge roles in the network
• Repeater Access Point—Use this setting to set up the bridge as a rugged repeater access point. A repeater access point is not connected to the wired LAN; it is placed within radio range of an access point connected to the wired LAN to extend the range of your infrastructure or to overcome an obstacle that blocks radio communication.
Repeater Access Point
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Power Options
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BR350—Front Cover LED’s
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LED indicators
• When the bridge is powering on, all three LEDs normally blink.
• After bootup, the colors of the LEDs represent the following: – Green LEDs indicate normal activity. – Amber LEDs indicate errors or warnings. – Red LEDs mean the unit is not operating correctly or is being
upgraded. Troubleshooting BR350 Bridges
802.11b Bridge
Bridge Model Bridge Model
BR350BR350
Note: Distances over 25 miles or 40 Km are very hard to align and install!
Data Rate Data Rate
11 Mbps11 Mbps
11 Mbps11 Mbps
51.7 83.251.7 83.2
20.5 33.0 20.5 33.0
32.7 52.5 32.7 52.5
32.6 52.432.6 52.4
21 dBi Dish21 dBi Dish
41.0 66.041.0 66.02 Mbps2 Mbps
5.5 Mbps5.5 Mbps
Max. Distance
Miles Km
Max. Distance
Miles Km
Optional Antenna Optional Antenna
Standard Cable (6.7 dB/100 ft. loss)
(6.7 dB/30.5 m)
Standard Cable (6.7 dB/100 ft. loss)
(6.7 dB/30.5 m)
1 Mbps1 Mbps
21 dBi Dish21 dBi Dish
21 dBi Dish21 dBi Dish
21 dBi Dish21 dBi Dish
21 dBi Dish21 dBi Dish
50 ft (15.2m)/side50 ft (15.2m)/side
20 ft (6.1m)/side20 ft (6.1m)/side
50 ft (15.2m)/side50 ft (15.2m)/side
50 ft (15.2m)/side50 ft (15.2m)/side
50 ft (15.2m)/side50 ft (15.2m)/side
802.11b Common Questions
Cisco Aironet BridgeCisco Aironet Bridge How Fast?How Fast?
Max data rateMax data rate
20.5 Miles 33 Km20.5 Miles 33 Km
11 Mbps11 Mbps
5.5 Mbps5.5 Mbps
3.6 Miles 5.8 Km3.6 Miles 5.8 Km
How Far? How Far?
Typical throughputTypical throughput
Yagi antennaYagi antenna
2 Mbps2 Mbps
1.4 Mbps1.4 Mbps
7.3 miles 11.7 Km7.3 miles 11.7 Km
25+ miles 40+ Km25+ miles 40+ Km
Dish antennaDish antenna
Note: All distances may be limited by governing bodies and standards.
Optional 2.4GHz Antennas for Long Range
• 13.5 dBi YagiDistances over
7.3 miles @ 2 Mbps11.7 Km @ 2 Mbps3.6 miles @ 11 Mbps5.8 Km @ 11 Mbps
• 21 dBi Solid DishFor distances up to
25+ miles @ 2 Mbps40+ Km @ 2 Mbps 20.5 miles @ 11 Mbps33 Km @ 11 Mbps
Note: Distances include 50 feet of low loss cable and 10 dB fade margin
802.11b Bridge Application: School District
LincolnElementaryYagi
BodeElementaryYagi
RichardsonElementaryYagi
PriceElementaryYagi
Dewitt ElementaryYagi
BolichMiddle SchoolYagi
RobertsMiddle SchoolDish
Weaver-Special EducationDish
High School 2 BridgesOne 12 dBi omniOne Dish Administration
2 BridgesOne 12 dBi omniOne Yagi
U N I V E R S I T YU N I V E R S I T Y
Channel #11
Channel #6
Channel #1
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Connecting to the Bridge
• There are 3 basic GUI interfaces depending on the bridge image: – IOS 1400 – VxWorks BR350 – SOS WGB350
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1300 with IOS GUI
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BR350 with VxWorks GUI
BR350 Configuration Guide
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WGB350 with SOS GUI ad SOS Menu
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Resetting the Bridge
• Resetting the Cisco bridges depends on the model. • The BR350, can be reset via the console, telnet, or browser
connection. – If the password is unknown, then the console reset method is
required. – The console port on the BR350. – The :resetall command can be used after rebooting the bridge,
however the command must be entered within 2 minutes of rebooting.
• The 350 Series Workgroup Bridge or the 1300 series bridge can be reset to default values via the Reset button, telnet, or browser connection.
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Default Settings for BR350 and 1300
Basic Configuration
Will will not use or discuss all of the configuration options and features.
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BR350 Home Page (Summary Status)
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BR350 Map Link
• The Map link opens the Map window, which contains links to every management page.
• The Map window can be used to jump quickly to any system management page, or to a map of the entire wireless network
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BR350 Network Link
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BR350 Associations Link
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BR350 Setup Link
• The Setup link displays the Setup page, which contains links to the management pages with configuration settings.
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BR350 Logs Link
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BR350 - Basic Configuration
• Connect just like an AP, suggest wired GUI.
• Remember to set the IP address on your Ethernet NIC.
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Root Bridge and Non-Root Bridges
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Non-Root Bridge without ClientsRepeater Bridge
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Bridge as Root Access Point
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Bridge as Repeater Access Point
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Root Radio Identification configuration
• The current IP subnet mask displayed under the setting shows the IP subnet mask currently assigned to the bridge. This is the same subnet mask as the default subnet mask unless DHCP or BOOTP is enabled. If DHCP or BOOTP is enabled, this is the subnet mask used by the DHCP or BOOTP server.
• You can also enter this setting on the Express Setup page.
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Root Radio Identification Page
• Primary Port Settings: Two options allow for the designation of the radio port as the primary port on the bridge:
• Primary Port? The primary port determines the MAC and IP addresses of the bridge. – The default primary port of the bridge is the Ethernet port. – The Ethernet port is connected to the wired LAN, so this setting is
usually set to no. – Select no to set the Ethernet port as the primary port. – Select yes to set the radio port as the primary port.
• Adopt Primary Port Identity? – Select yes, to adopt the primary port MAC and IP addresses for the
radio port. – Select no to use different MAC and IP addresses for the radio port.
Bridges acting as root units adopt the primary port settings for the radio port.
• When putting a bridge in standby mode, select no for this setting.
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Root Radio Hardware configuration
• Similar to an AP.
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Root Radio Hardware configuration
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Ethernet Identification configuration
• Addressing is similar to Root Radio options
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Ethernet Hardware configuration
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Ethernet Hardware configuration
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Configuring time services
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Configuring boot services
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Configuring name services
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Configuring routing services
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Configuring routing services
• Manage Installation Keys is used to read specifications of the software license and to install a new license.
• Manage System Configuration is used to restart the device, download a configuration file, or reset settings to factory defaults.
• Distribute Configuration to other Cisco Devices is used to send the configuration of the device to other Cisco Aironet devices on the network.
• Distribute Firmware to other Cisco Devices is used to send a new firmware version to other Cisco Aironet devices on the network.
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CDP
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Distribute Firmware to Other Cisco Devices
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Hot Standby Management
1310 Series Bridge
802.11g wireless bridge
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Overview
• The Cisco Aironet 1300 Series Wireless Bridge is a high-performance 801.11g wireless bridge designed to connect multiple LANs in a metropolitan area.
• Designed to be a cost-effective alternative to leased lines, it is engineered specifically for harsh outdoor environments. The features of the 1300 include:
BR1310
AIR-BR1310G-A-K9-R AIR-BR1310G-A-K9
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Overview
• Support for both point-to-point or point-to-multipoint configurations • Support data rates up to 54 Mbps • Enhanced security mechanisms based on 802.11i standards • Rugged enclosure optimized for harsh outdoor environments with
extended operating temperature range • Integrated or optional external antennas for flexibility in deployment
BR1310
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Overview
• Data rates of 54 Mbps can be enabled for point-to-point links up to 4.5 miles, and for point-to-multipoint links up to 2 miles.
• Also, by using higher gain antennas or lower data rates, ranges in excess of 20 miles point-to-point can be covered.
BR1310
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Models and options
• There are two options for ordering the Cisco Aironet 1310 Series Wireless Bridge:
– Cisco Aironet 1310 Outdoor Access Point/Bridge with 13-dBi integrated antenna, FCC config
– Cisco Aironet 1310 Outdoor Access Point/Bridge with RP-TNC type Connectors, FCC config
BR1310
AIR-BR1310G-A-K9-R AIR-BR1310G-A-K9
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Models and options
AIR-BR1310G-A-K9 AIR-BR1310G-A-K9-R
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Components and accessories
Cisco Aironet Power Injector
Mounting Kit
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IOS features
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Optional 2.4GHz Antennas for Longer Range
• Network configurations–Point to point –Point to multi-point
• Roof, pole, and wall mounting options• 2.4 GHz Unlicensed Band Operation
–Rapid deployment and re-commissioning• Operating temp range: -30 to +55 oC• Humidity: 0 to 100%
• AIR-ANT24120 12 dBi omni -1 mile @54Mbps and 7.29 miles @11mbps
• AIR-ANT3338 21 dBi dish -4.46 miles@54Mbps and 20.1 miles@11Mbps
Bridge Range Calculation Utility
Click Here
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Bridge Distance Calculations (cont.)
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Bridge Distance Calculations (cont.)
Ch. 6 - Bridges
Cisco Fundamentals of Wireless LANs version 1.2