module 21: hypnosis chapter 9: states of consciousness crash course
TRANSCRIPT
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Module 21:Hypnosis
Chapter 9:
States of Consciousness
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9PW1fwKjo-Y Crash Course
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What is Hypnosis?
• Definition:
• A social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) makes suggestions about perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors, and another person (the subject) follows those suggestions
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What is Hypnosis?:
Social Influence Theory &
Divided Consciousness Theory
Module 21: Hypnosis
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Social Influence Divided Conscious Theory Theory• Powerful social
influences produce a state of hypnosis.
• This theory notes that a person’s physiological state does not change under hypnosis.– Social factors influence
people to believe hypnosis will work.
• During hypnosis our consciousness splits so that one aspect of consciousness is not aware of the role that other parts are playing.
• Promoted by Ernest Hilgard (1904-2001)
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Hypnotic Techniques
Module 21: Hypnosis
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Hypnotic Induction Hypnotizability
• The process by which a hypnotist creates a state of hypnosis in a subject
• Usually done by voicing a series of suggestions
• Voice is usually calm and of a rhythmic tone
• Differences in the ability of people to become hypnotized
• Varies from person to person
• Varies from situation to situation
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Hypnotizability
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Hypnotic Techniques:Hypnotic
Suggestions, Posthypnotic
Module 21: Hypnosis
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Limits to Hypnotic Suggestions
• Suggestions usually involve sensations, thoughts, emotions, and a wide variety of behaviors.
• Hypnosis does not cause behaviors.– Hypnosis can lead people to certain
behaviors but so can ordinary suggestions.
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Posthypnotic Suggestions
• A suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, that the subject will carry out when no longer hypnotized
• Technique can be used to encourage helpful behavior changes, such as stopping smoking or losing weight.
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Hypnotic Amnesia
• Inability to remember what happened during hypnosis because the hypnotist suggests that the subject will have no memory of that period of time
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Applications of Hypnosis:
Hypnosis and Memory, Hypnosis and Pain Control, & other Hypnotic Claims
Module 21: Hypnosis
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Hypnosis & Memory Pain & Hypnosis
• There are isolated cases of hypnosis helping recall.
• Can’t be sure…– Cannot be sure if the
memory came back due to hypnosis
– Cannot be sure if the memory is accurate or one that is created to please the hypnotist
• Hypnosis does work as a means to control pain.
• Has a number of practical applications
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Placebo Effect Feats of Strength
• Improvement due only to the power of positive expectations
• People think they will get better so they do
• Many feats of strength done under hypnosis can be accomplished without hypnosis.
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Feats of Strength
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Age Regression
• Under hypnosis, the supposed ability to remember earlier periods of time in one’s life– Psychologists consider age regression
demonstrations unreliable.