Module 1: Introduction Urea & Nitric Acid Market •  Urea products and market, Urea producers and trading •  Application of Nitric Acid, Production worldwide •  Largest producers, Major Licensors & Contractors •  Future trends Module 2: Urea Process Technologies •  Overview urea process technologies •  Stamicarbon and Saipem urea processes Module 3: Corrosion phenomena •  Why carbamate is corrosive ? Role of oxygen •  Introduction of the various types of corrosion

Module 4: Materials of Construction Plants (Part 1) •  Historical overview of applied materials

Day 1

Module 4: Materials of Construction Urea Plants (Part 2) •  The typical properties of used materials in urea plants (Austenitic

stainless steels, Duplexes, Titanium, Zirconium, Tantalum) •  Development 25-22-2 and Safurex Module 5: Nitric Acid Process Technologies •  Production process principles •  Various processes Module 6: Failure modes Nitric Acid plants •  Design aspects •  Materials of construction: 304L (3R12), 2R12, 2RE10, Duplex 2304, Titanium, Zirconium, Tantalum, XCrNiMo29-6 (SAF 2906)

Module 7: Cases Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking in stainless steel equipment and piping •  Process side, Utility side and Atmospheric side

Day 2

Tube

Examination and Certificate Evaluation Hand out and reference documents •  All presentations will be prepared in Microsoft Powerpoint and distributed as hand outs in digital form (acrobat format). •  Several topics will be elaborated by means of technical papers, which will also be distributed in digital form (acrobat format). •  Corrosion Engineering Guide, written by Mr. Giel Notten.

Deliverables