modul 04. interkoneksi dlm perspektif teknis

7/30/2019 Modul 04. Interkoneksi Dlm Perspektif Teknis

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InterkoneksiModul-04

Interkoneksi dalam Perspektif

Teknis


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Call Termination

Maret 2011 InterkoneksiSemester Genap 2010-2011

2

Interconnectionpoint

New local operator

Call termination

Incumbent

Other networks

Fixed

Mobile

Networks in other countries

Incumbentscustomers


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Termination Flows


3

IncumbentNew entrant

Requesting

Requesting

Providing

Providing

PoI

Call set-up direction


Payment direction

Payment direction

Balance depends on traffic sinks, eg call centres and ISPs


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Call Origination


4

Interconnection points Call termination

Incumbent

Networks in other countries

Incumbentscustomer

Incumbentscustomer

Incumbentscustomer

New transit network

Call origination


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Call Origination - Payments


5

NTP-A NTP-B

Providingoperator

Requestingoperator

PoI-1 PoI-2

Caller Called

Payments

Providingoperator

X ZY

Call origination

Selectedoperator

Call termination

NTP = Network Termination Point


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Origination - Flows


6

Incumbent


New entrant

RequestingProviding

PoI

Payment direction

Normally totally unbalanced as only provided by incumbentand dominant operators


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Technically Feasible Interconnection Point

The trunk interconnection points of local and national tandem exchanges

(most common PoI)

The national or international circuit interconnection points of

international gate way exchanges

The trunk side of local exchanges

The line side of local exchange (e.g. at the MDF or DDF)

Cross connect point of any exchange

Meet points at which operators agree to interconnect

Signaling transfer points (STP) and other points outside of the

telecommunications channel or band, where interconnection is required

for CCS7 or signaling to exchange traffic efficiency and to access callrelated databases (e.g. a Local Number Portability (LNP) database

Access point for unbundled network components

Cable landing stations


7


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Levels of interconnection


8

Level(in geographical terms)

Level(in network terms)

Number of points(typical)

Call charge

Nationwide Double transit 1-2 Highest

Region Single transit 5-50 Medium

Town Local >50 Lowest

Localexchange

Transitexchange

Transitexchange

Local SingleTransit

(regional)

DoubleTransit

(nationwide)

Callorigination

Calltermination

Callorigination

Calltermination

Callorigination

Calltermination


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Links and Circuits


10

Mux LTE LTE MuxSwitchT1/E1

port

Switch

Transmissionnetwork

Transmissionnetwork

T1/E1 Interconnection circuit

Point of Interconnection X

is located in this areadepending on form of

interconnection

Interconnection link

Providers segmentX Y

Circuit types

Call origination from a specific switchCall termination to a specific switch in one directionCall termination to a specific switch in the other directionLeased lines

T1/E1

port


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Network Interconnect Scenario


11

Other Licenced

Operator's "A"

(OLO's) Network

Service

Providers

ServiceManagement

System

Service

Providers

Service

Management

System

Private

Networks &

Customer

Equipment

Customer

Service

Managemen

System

Telco

Network

Network Competitiors

Cable TV Companies

Mobile Radio Companies

Reseller etc

OLO

CustomersTelco or OLO

Customers

OLO "B"

Network

POI POI

(Point of

Interconnect


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Transit call

Interconnect only

Terminating

Incoming call

Interconnect onlyInternal callRetail Billing only

OriginatingOutgoing callRetail Billing and

Interconnect

Call Types Influencing Retail Billing and

Interconnect

Maret 2011 12InterkoneksiSemester Genap 2010-2011


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Point of Charging (PoC)

PoC-2

PoC-5

PoC-3

PoC-4

PoI

A B

D

C

F

G

H

I

J

PoC-A

PoC-1

PoC-B

(A to F) :Local Retail. Local Interconnect

(A to G) (A to I) (H to D) (I to C) :Long-distance Retail,Long-distance Interconnect

Batas areageografisPoC-3

Batas areageografis

PoC-2

Batas areageografisPoC-4

Batas areageografis

PoC-A

Batas areageografis

PoC-A

VirtualConnection

Maret 2011 13InterkoneksiSemester Genap 2010-2011


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Maret 2011 14

Examples of Charge Settlement Methods

Among Multiple Carriers

Billinginterconnectioncharges

Pattern 4

Pattern 5

Pattern 3

Pattern 1

OLEC IEC IEC TLECIEC

Billing usercharges

Pattern 2OLEC IEC IEC TLECIEC




InterkoneksiSemester Genap 2010-2011


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Inaugurated in July 1996 by 26 major telecommunicationscarriers and organizations in Japan (including some non-

Japanese carriers)

Provide an open venue to discuss technical issues that are

common to all carriers

It aimed at establishing domestic standards by

telecommunications carriers

The standardization of signals to be sent and received

between switches was carried out at the Telecommunication

Technology Committee (TTC)


15


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Maret 2011 16

Outline of the Interconnection Charge

Billing Forum

The signal contents sent and received between switchesare standardized

The design and development of a billing system is left up to

each carrier

Carrier A

Switch

Billing system

Switch

Billing system

Carrier B



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The carrier that bills user charges can be determined per each

pattern of interconnection. The carrier that bills user charges

is not necessarily the same as the carrier that sets the user

charges.

The carrier that pays access charge can be determined per

each pattern of interconnection.

User charges can be established on the basis of each transit

network unit, or on an end-to-end basis.

The carrier that pays access charges can verify the billed

amount by using its own equipment and calculation system


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Preconditions for Settlement Among

Carriers

In determining the system, the following preconditions

were confirmed:

No restrictions are imposed on charge setting by each

carrierMaking it possible to deal with various settlement

methods

Enabling phased development

Minimizing the impact on existing systems


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Problem


19

Carriers that are not directly interconnected, the carrier that setsuser charges and the carrier that bills user charges are unknown


Recognizable as directlyinterconnected

Transit carriers are unrecognizableas not directly interconnected


Setting usercharges

Billing usercharges

Which carrier sets user charges?

Which carrier bills user charges?


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Solution


20

By transmitting carrier identification information needed to identify

the pattern of interconnection, each carrier can identify the carrier

responsible for paying access charges for each call.

Setting usercharges

IEC IEC TLECIECOLEC

Originating local exchange carrier information

Interexchange carrier information

Chosen Interexchange carrier information


Terminating local exchange carrier information


Chosen interexchange carrier information


Essential As required


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Problem


21

Unable to identify the location of a user on the basis ofthe calling/called line telephone numbers.

Area a Area b Area c Area d

Carrier A Carrier B

Difficult to identify

user location


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Maret 2011 22

Transmitting originating/terminating area information inaddition to originating/terminating IDs.

IEC IEC TLECIECOLEC

Originating area information


Terminating area information



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Maret 2011 23

User charges to be billed are unknown.


Setting usercharges

Billing usercharges

What user charges are to be billed?



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Maret 2011 24

Transmitting charging rate information on aper-call basis.

IEC IEC TLECIEC

Setting usercharges

OLEC

Billing usercharges


Charging rate information



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Maret 2011 25

Information is not available to verify charges among carriers

Setting andbilling usercharges

IEC IEC TLECIECOLEC

Difficult to verify as the usagesection of each carrier networkis unknown.

Difficult to verify as the usagesection of each carrier networkis unknown

Billing access charges Billing access charges



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Maret 2011 26

Sending/receiving POI(Point of Interface) areainformation, originating/terminating areainformation and carrier identification information.

IEC IEC TLECIEC

Setting usercharges

OLEC

POI area information





Originating area information

Terminating area information

Originating local exchange carrier information

Terminating local exchange carrier informationInterkoneksi

Semester Genap 2010-2011


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Maret 2011 27

Charges cannot be billed because charges (user/access charges) differdepending on the terminal used or the contracted terminal.

Analog

800M digital

Carrier A Carrier BUser charges differ depending onthe type of contracted terminal



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Maret 2011 28

Defining and sending/receiving information thatenables the identification of the type of terminaland the type of contract between networks.

IEC IEC TLECIECOLEC

Originating additional party category information

Terminating additional party category information




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Maret 2011 29

In the event access charges differ depending on a POI within a networkor a routing method, charge billing per POI or per routing is not possible.

IECOLEC TLEC

Same charge area

POI (Local Switch Interconnection : Stage 1)

POI (Tandem Switch Interconnection : Stage 2)



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Maret 2011 30

Defining and sending/receiving information onthe type of POI and information to identify theinterconnection pattern between networks.

IEC IEC TLECIECOLEC

POI stage information











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Maret 2011 31

Carrier Identification Information

Area Information

(Originating/Terminating,POI)

Charging Rate Information

Additional Party Category Information

POI Stage Information



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Maret 2011 32

Problem(1)

Problem(2)

Problem(4)

Problem(3)

Problem(5)

Problem(6)

CarrierIdentificationInformation

Originating/TerminatingAreaInformation

ChargingRateInformation

POIAreaInformation

AdditionalPartyCategoryInformation

POIStageInformation



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Interkoneksi ke Jaringan Tetap dan

Teleponi Dasar

Jaringan tetap:

Jaringan tetap lokal berbasis kabel (Fixed Wire Line / FWL) dan non-

kabel (Fixed Wireless Access / FWA)

Jaringan tetap jarak jauh

Jaringan tetap internasional

Jaringan sistem pensinyalan (signaling)

Value added service / Intelligent Network (IN)

Sirkit langganan (Leased Circuit)


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Konfigurasi Jaringan Telepon Tetap


34

SGI

TX

SGJJ

TDSGL

LX

SGLLX

TX

FWASw

LX

FWL FWL

FWL

FWAFWA

BTS BTSDari/kejaringan

operatorlain

Jaringan telepon tetap (PSTN) Operator A


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Sentral Gerbang Internasional:

Digunakan untuk interkoneksi dengan jaringan tetap domestik,

jaringan bergerak seluler dan jaringan bergerak satelit, dalam

penyelenggaraan akses jasa teleponi dasar internasional.

Sentral Gerbang Jarak Jauh:

Digunakan untuk interkoneksi dengan jaringan bergerak seluler,

jaringan bergerak satelit, jaringan tetap internasional, jaringan tetapdomestik dan jaringan tetap lokal.

Sentral Gerbang Lokal:

Digunakan untuk interkoneksi dengan jaringan tetap lokal, sepanjang

memberikan cost efficiencysebagaimana diamanatkan dalam regulasi

interkoneksi berbasis biaya.


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Konfigurasi Jaringan Signaling

(Pensinyalan)


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SGSN SGSN

SGSR SGSR

SGJJSGJJ

SGL SGL

JARINGAN SIGNALING

JARINGAN TETAP

MATED SGSN

MATED SGSR

Dari/ke jaringan

signaling operator lain

SGSN = Sentral Gerbang

Signaling Nasional

SGSR = Sentral Gerbang

Signaling Regional


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Sirkit Langganan (Leased Circuit)

Disediakan untuk digunakan oleh operator pencari akses

untuk keperluan link interkoneksi (penghubung antar sentral

gerbang), maupun untuk keperluan internal (misalnya

penghubung antar MSC, antara MSC dan BTS, dll).

Sirkit langganan dapat menggunakan sistem satelit atauterrestrial (sistem gelombang mikro atau kabel)


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Contoh Titik Interkoneksi (PoI) PT Telkom


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SGI

SGJJ

SGL

SGSN

SGSR

PoI-1(Jartap domestik, jartap

internasional, jarber)

Jaringan Tetap

(Jasa Teleponi Dasar)

VAS

PoI-2(Jarber, Jartap lokal, jartap

domestik)

PoI-3(jartap lokal)

PoI-4(Interkoneksi signaling dengan

jarber, jartap domestik, jartap

internasional)

PoI-5Interkoneksi signaling dengan

jartap lokal


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Fasilitas Interkoneksi Fasilitas interkoneksi adalah adalah infrastruktur sipil yang berada di area

premises dimana Sentral Gerbang milik operator penyedia akses (e.g.operator-A) berada, yang diperlukan untuk penempatan link interkoneksi

dan perangkat interkoneksi antara penyedia akses dan pencari akses

(operator lain).

Fasilitas interkoneksi terdiri dari:

Ruangan yang digunakan untuk penempatan perangkat interkoneksi pencariakses (apabila tidak ditempatkan di luar area premises penyedia akses)

Terminal Distribution Frame (DF), di mana PoI berada.

Jalur kabel (cable duct, cable tray) yang berada di area premises penyedia

akses sampai ke terminal DF.

Rak/kabinet untuk penempatan perangkat milik pencari akses

Menara/tower atau top roof (atap gedung) yang digunakan untuk

penempatan perangkat transmisi milik pencari akses.

Sarana lain, misalnya catu daya, air conditioning, penerangan, dll.


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Fasilitas Interkoneksi


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SG

Distr. Frame Op-A

Distr. Frame Op. lain

Cable duct

Cable duct

POI

Ruang kolokasi

Bangunan milik Op-A

Area premises Op-A(Fasilitas Interkoneksi)

Area diluar premises Op-A(Non Fasilitas Interkoneksi)


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Referensi

Telecommunications Regulation Handbook, 2000, World Bank

Implementing Cost-based Interconnect - David Rogerson, Mark Donelly, Barry

Ladbrook, and Nick Owen Ovum, Arthur Andersen 1999

Telecommunication Reform, Interconnection Regulation, 3rd Edition, ITU, 200

Telecommunications Competition, The Last Ten Miles, Ingo Vogelsang & Bridger M.

Mitchell, AEI Studies in The Telecommunications deregulation, 1997

Dokumen Penawaran Interkoneksi, PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia,Tbk, 2008

modul 04. interkoneksi dlm perspektif teknis

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