modernism and post-modernism project

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New Graphic Deigns Project. Module TFD1064. Design for Communication Design. Graphic design group. Project - “New Graphic Design”. Student; Amy Louise Johnson. Student number; U1257000.

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Page 1: Modernism and Post-Modernism project

New Graphic Deigns Project.Module TFD1064.Design for Communication Design.Graphic design group.Project - “New Graphic Design”.Student; Amy Louise Johnson.Student number; U1257000.

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TheBrief.

Part 2You are to submit designs for a broad sheet, which should be based on your personal and original visual re-search. You should produce: Masthead, Cover Design, Inner Pages, A3 Portrait Cover + Inner.

You are to submit design proposa ls for a new graphic design publication entit led, New Graphic Design. The f irst issue wi l l focus on Form fol lows function - anexploration of Modernism and Post Modernism.

Part 1Research into Modernism and Post Modernism generating a body of work that explores the origins and philosophy of the movements. Your visual work should be an expression of the move-ment and not a pastiche. You should aim to convey the essential nature of movement. You will need to understand the social, industrial and political concerns which influence both movements.

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My Thoughts.

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This brief automatically sounded interesting and enjoyable just from the brief, I think that it is fantastic that we have a project in which we can really sit down and get designing. I also like how we are learning how to use a new program as we are going through the brief, it’s like killing two birds with one stone. Considering I have never use InDesign before it will be an interesting journey of learning to use it as well as learning how to create something on another program that isn’t Photoshop.

on this project.

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odernism?

nismModer archReseThe Websites I Used For Research:

http://shanny12.wordpress.com/modernism-vs-post-modernism/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanticism

What Is M

Modernism is a term used to show/represent the aftermath of World War 1 and the Russian Revolution in a period where the artistic movements wanted a new world free from conflict, greed and social equality. Modernism was a term used in graphic design since around 1925 - 1930. As economy conditions improved designers reassessed their work, adopting it to massmarkets. Before Modernism became big it was only experimental but then moved on and became more real.

Modernism has survived all this time because it is a powerful movement and remains a powerful movement. It was believed that after the destruction of World War 1 it lead to a widespread belief that the conditions left could be healed by a new approach to art and design, more spiritual, sensual and more rational. It later showed that the Russian Revolution offered a model for an entirely new society. Modernism:Term used to embrace a di-verse range of art movements and 4.

http://www.jameslourie.com/modern-art-timeline/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-Impressionismhttp://www.artyfactory.com/art_appreciation/art_move-ments/post_impressionism.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_van_Goghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Seurathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expressionismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naum_Slutzkyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bauhaushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piet_Mondrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunta_St%C3%B6lzlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naum_Gabohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Lindighttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marianne_Brandthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatrice_Woodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Mattahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgio_de_Chirico

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kay_Sagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piet_Mondrianhttp://venetianred.net/2009/10/31/gunta-stolzl-master-weaver-of-the-bauhaus/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raoul_Hausmannhttp://weimarart.blogspot.co.uk/2010/08/hannah-hoch-brushflurlets-and-beer.htmlhttp://venetianred.net/2010/01/16/hannah-hoch-the-good-girl-with-big-scissors-part-i/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Gleizeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Delaunayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wassily_Kandinskyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Ludwig_Kirchner

ideas that emerged during the first half of the 20th century and profoundly influenced the subsequent development of art, architecture and design. There was also a widespread utopiabelief that mechanization and technology if properly used couldproduce a better less divided society.How Modernism promoted itself:1. Campainged.2. Exhibitions.3. Books.4. Journals.5. Posters.6. Advertisements.

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Time.mentsMoveOver

Modernism 1880 - 1945 Post Impressionism 1880’s S y m b o l i s m – 1 8 8 0 ’s Synthetism - late 1880’s

E x p r e s s i o n i s m 1 9 0 0 ’s F a u v i s m 1 9 0 0 – 1 9 2 0 C u b i s m 1 9 0 7 – 1 9 1 4 P r e c i s i o n i s m 1 9 1 0

D a d a 1 9 1 6 - 1 9 2 2 B a u h a u s 1 9 2 0 - 1 9 4 0 Harlem Renaissance 1920-1940 Surrea l ism 1920 -1940

Inclined to emphasize geometric forms, to distort form/color for expressive effect. (Paul Cezanne, Georges Seurat, Vincent Van Gogh, Paul Gauguin, Henri Rousseau, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec).

Continuation of some mystical tendencies in the Romantic tradition. These movements invited a reaction in favor of spirituality, the imagina-tion, and dreams. (Caspar David Friedrich, John Henry Fuseli, Gustave Moreau, Gustav Klimt, Odilon Redon, Pierre Puvis de Chavannes).

Emphasized two-dimensional flat surface patterns. (Paul Guaguin, Emile Bernard, Maurice Denis).

Express the meaning of “being alive” and emotional experience rather than physical reality. The tendency of an artist to distort reality for an emotional effect. (Edvard Munch, Chaim Soutine, Emile Nolde, Erich Heckel, Otto Dix, Ernst Lu,dwig Kirchner, Max Beck-mann, James Ensor, Egon Schiele and Oskar Koko-schka).

Emphasized painterly qualities and strong color over the representational or realistic values retained by Impression-ism. (Henri Matisse, Andre Derain, Al-bert Marquet, Charles Camoin).

Objects are broken up into small multifaceted areas, show different viewpoints, no coherent sense of depth, the background and object interpenetrate one another to create shallow ambiguous space. simpli-fication of natural forms into cylinders, spheres, and cones. (Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Juan Gris).

Influenced by Cubism and Futurism, its main themes included industrialization and the modern-ization of the American landscape, depicted in pre-cise, sharply defined, geometrical forms.. (Charles Demuth, Charles Sheeler, Georgia O’Keeffe, Joseph Stella, Stuart Davis, Francis Picabia, Fernand Leger)

Believed that the ‘reason’ and ‘logic’ of bourgeois capitalist society had led people into war. According to its proponents, Dada was not art, it was “anti-art.” For everything that art stood for, Dada was to represent the opposite. (Marcel Duchamp, Francis Picabia, Man Ray, Otto Dix, Francis Picabia, Jean Arp, Max Ernst, Hannah Höch)

School of art and architecture in Germany. The Bauhaus revolutionized art training by combin-ing pure arts with the study of crafts. Design did not merely reflect society, it could actually help to improve it. (Paul Klee, Lyonel Feininger, Wassily Kandinsky, László Moholy-Nagy).

Challenging white paternalism and racism, Afri-can-American artists and intellectuals rejected imi-tating the styles of Europeans and white Americans and instead celebrated black dignity and creativity. (Jacob Lawrence, Charles Alston, Romare Bearden, Norman Lewis, Henry Bannarn, Augusta Savage).

a movement emerging out of Cubism, Dada, Freud and Communist philosophy, which aimed to fuse the conscious with the unconscious to create a ‘super-re-ality’. Emphasis was on spontaneous, automatic or subconscious creation. “Automatism” (Andre Breton, Man Ray, Max Ernst, Rene Magritte, Salvador Dali, Yves Tanguy, Giorgio de Chirico, Andre Masson).

in its broadest definition, is modern thought, character, or practice. More spe-cifically, the term describes the modernist movement in the arts, its set of cultural ten-dencies and associated cultural movements.

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Paul Rand.Paul Rand was an American Graphic Designer. He was well known for his logo designs, he designed for many companies such as; IBM, UPS, Enron, Westinghouse, ABC and more. Rand was also one of the originators of the Swiss Style of Graphic Design.

What I like about Rand’s work is how none of his pieces look the same, you can see within his work that Rand tries to make each piece as different as the other so that there is no reseblence and that each piece has it’s own identity.

found insperational.Artists I

- Colourful. - 2D shapes making 3D shape.- All capital letters except “e”.- Simple.- Eye-catching.

- Block colour.- Shape.- Letters made of cirlces.- curvey.- bold.- Eye-catching.

- One colour.- Simple.- All the same height.- Serif.- Patterned.- Sections missing.

- Unusual.- Serif font.- Variation in angels.- Various levels.- Bold colours.- Various sizes.

- Colourful.- Connected.- Unusual.- Various Directions.- Sections have beencut off the “the”.

- Bold.- Dark and light colours.- Curvy Font.- Eye-catching.- Tone to show light.

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Post Impressionism.-What is Post-Impressionism?Post-Impressionism is a name coined by British artists and by a an art critic named Roger Fry in 1910. Post-Impressionism was a name to descibe Frnech art since the artist Manet. Post-Impressionists extended Impressionism while rejecting its limitations: they continued using vivid colours, thick application of paint, distinctive brush strokes, and real-life subject matter, but they were more inclined to emphasize geometric forms, to distort form for expressive effect, and to use unnatural or arbitrary colour. Post Impressionism was not a formal movement or style. The Post-Impressionists were a few independent artists at the end of the 19th century who rebelled against the limitations of Impressionism. They developed a range of personal styles that focused on the

emotional, structural, symbolic and spiritual elements that they felt were missing from Impressionism. Their combined contributions form the artistic roots of modern art for the next eighty years. Impressionism was the first movement in the canon of modern art.

VINCENT VAN GOGH (1853-1890) ‘Wheatfield with Crows’,

VINCENT VAN GOGH.

Paul Gauguin.

PAUL GAUGUIN (1848-1903) ‘Tahitian Landscape’,

Paul Cézanne.

PAUL CÉZANNE (1839-1906) ‘The Château at Médan’,

Georges Seurat.

GEORGES SEURAT(1859-1891)‘A Sunday Afternoon on the Île de la Grande Jatte’,

-The Post Impressionists were a few independent artists at the end of the 19th century who rebelled against the limitations of Impressionism to develop a range of personal styles that influenced the development of art in the 20th century.-The art of Paul Gauguin was a major influence in the development of Fauvism.-The art of Vincent Van Gogh was an influence on Expressionism in the 20th century.-The art of Paul Cézanne was an influence on the Cubists at the start of the 20th century.-The analytical method of Seurat’s Pointillism influenced those artists who adopted more calculated approach to painting, particularly in the development of abstract art.

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Chosen from the Post-Impressionism movement. Vincent Van Gogh.

What I like about Vincent Van Gogh’s Post-Impressionism work is how vibrant the colours are within the work, the mixture of cold colours with warm colours really shows contrast. I like the way that the paintings aren’t perfect but you can still see what is in the paintings. I also like the swirly pattern that is in his paintings and the scratchy looking mark making that he uses within his paintings.

7.

- Various paint stroke directions.- A mixture of warm colours and cold colours.- Shadow figure as the main focus of the painting.- Distorted figures.- A warped view of reality.- Scratchy looking paint strokes.

Vincent Willem van Gogh: 30 March 1853 – 29 July 1890) was a Dutch post-Impressionist painter whose work is notable for its rough beauty, emotional honesty and bold color.

- Simple.- Scratchy brush strokes / mark making.- Mixture of warm colours and cold colours.- Single item in the centre of the painting.- various colour tone.- shadows created by darker tones to ad detail.

- Plenty of warm colours.- The toning in the sky around the sun looks like sun beams.- A variety of colour in the field section of the painting which shows not only tone but some form of detail as to what can be in the field.

- A mixture of warm colours and cold colours.- The birds aren’t painted in detail they are just shadows.- Toning is used to show shadow withing the painting.- Scratchy brush strokes.- The different tones of blue in the sky aren’t blended but brush into each other.

-- Plenty of warm colours.- The toning in the sky around the sun looks like sun beams.- A variety of colour in the field section of the painting which shows not only tone but some form of detail as to what can be in the field.

- Warm colours.- Realistic.-Little detail but you can still see what the painting is.- Brush marks.- Tone used to show some detail.

found insperational.Artists I

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Chosen from the Post-Impressionism movement. Georges Seurat.Georges Pierre Seurat : 2nd December 1859 – 29th March 1891) was a French Post-Impressionist painter and draftsman. He is noted for his innovative use of drawing media and for devising the technique of painting known as pointillism.What I like about Georges Seurat’s work is the different techniques of painting he has used. In some of his paintings he has done small sharp brush strokes where as in other paintings you can see where he has start-ed using dots instead of the small brush strokes. I like his paintings in which he has used pointillism because i think that the dots give nice effect when looking at the painting, a kind of realistic view, especially on the grass sections of his paintings, it looks like the grass could be touched and it would feel as expected.

8.

found insperational.Artists I

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sionism.ExpresWhat is Expressionism?Expressionism was a modernist movement, initially in poetry and painting, originating in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century. Its typical trait is to present the world solely from a subjective perspective, distorting it radically for emotional effect in order to evoke moods or ideas. Expressionist artists sought to express meaning or emotional experience rather than physical reality. Expressionism was developed as an avant-garde style before the First World War. It remained popular during the Weimar Republic, particularly in Berlin. The style extended to a wide range of the arts, including painting, literature, theatre, dance, film, architecture and music.

Edvard Munch. The Scream.

9.

Wassily Kandinsky. On White II.

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. Street, Berlin.

Egon Schiele. Self-portrait with his head down.

Paul Klee. Heroische Rosen.

Oskar Kokoschka. The Bride of the Wind or The Tempest.

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Chosen from the Expressionism movement.Wassily Kandinsky.Wassily Wassilyevich Kandinsky was an influential Russian painter and art theorist. He is credited with painting the first purely abstract works. Born in Moscow, Kandinsky spent his childhood in Odessa. He enrolled at the University of Moscow, studying law and economics. Successful in his profession—he was offered a professorship (chair of Roman Law) at the University of Dorpat—he began painting studies (life-drawing, sketching and anatomy) at the age of 30.

What I like about Kandinsky’s work is expressive and wild. The variation in shapes and colours really brings his work to life. The lines running through some of the shapes and overlapping some of the shapes make the paintings more erratic because it is adding more chaos to his images.

found insperational.Artists I

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Chosen from the Expressionism movement.Ernst Ludwig Kirchner.Ernst Ludwig Kirchner 6th May 1880 – 15th June 1938 was a German expressionist painter and print-maker and one of the founders of the artists group Die Brücke or “The Bridge”, a key group leading to the foundation of Expressionism in 20th-century art. He volunteered for army service in the First World War, but soon suffered a breakdown and was discharged. In 1933, his work was branded as “degenerate” by the Nazis and in 1937 over 600 of his works were sold or destroyed. In 1938 he committed suicide by gunshot.

found insperational.Artists I

Page 14: Modernism and Post-Modernism project

ism.CubWhat is Cubism?Cubism is an early 20th century avant-garde art movement pioneered by Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso. Cubism has been considered the most influential art movement of the 20th century. The term is broadly used in association with a wide variety of art produced in Paris during the 1910s and extending through the 1920s. Variants such as Futurism and Constructivism developed in other countries. A primary influence that led to Cubism. In Cubist artwork, objects are analyzed, broken up and reassembled in an abstracted form instead of depicting objects from one viewpoint, the artist depicts the subject from a multitude of viewpoints to represent the subject in a greater context.

Jean Metzinger. Woman with a Fan.

Georges Braque. Man with a Guitar.

Albert Gleizes. Woman with animals.

Robert Delaunay.Simultaneous Windows on the City.

Fernand Léger. Man and Woman.

Kazimir Malevich. The Knifegrinder. 12.

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Chosen from the Cubism movement. Albert Gleizes.Albert Gleizes, was a French artist, theoretician, philosopher, a founder of Cubism and an influence on the School of Paris. Albert Gleizes and Jean Metzinger wrote the first major treatise on Cubism, Du “Cubisme”, 1912. Gleizes was a founding mem-ber of the Section d’Or group of artists. He was also a member of Der Sturm, and his many theoretical writings were originally most appreciated in Germany, where especially at the Bauhaus his ideas were given thoughtful consideration. Gleizes spent four crucial years in New York, and played an important role in making America aware of modern art.

What I like about Albert’s work is how it is layed out, each piece of his work looks like he has created and image and broken it into pieces and stuck them back together in a different place. He uses a different range of colours in different pieces of work, some focusing on cold colours, some focusing on warm and some focusing on a mixture of both.

found insperational.Artists I

Page 16: Modernism and Post-Modernism project

Chosen from the Cubism movement.Robert Delaunay.Robert Delaunay 12th April 1885 – 25th October 1941 was a French artist who, with his wife Sonia Delaunay and others, cofounded the Orphism art movement, noted for its use of strong colours and geometric shapes. His later works were more abstract, reminiscent of Paul Klee. His key influence related to bold use of colour, and a clear love of experimentation of both depth and tone.What I like about Robert’s work is how vibrant and colourful it is. Robert uses a lot of shapes and a lot of layering. Each layer within his shape images are a different colour to make each shape stand out. I also like how irratic Robert’s work is, it is bold and eye-catching which to me is a majour thing that paintings need.

found insperational.Artists I

Page 17: Modernism and Post-Modernism project

da.DaWhat is Dada? Dadaism was an art movement of the European avant-garde in the early 20th century. Dada was born out of negative reaction to the horrors of World War I. This international movement was begun by a group of artist and poets associated with the Cabaret Voltaire in Zurich. Dada rejected reason and logic, prizing nonsense, irrationality and intuition. The movement primarily involved visual arts, literature, poetry, art manifestoes, art theory, theatre, and graphic design, and concentrated its anti-war politics through a rejection of the prevailing standards in art through anti-art cultural works. In addition to being anti-war, Dada was also anti-bourgeois and had political affinities with the radical left.

Beatrice Wood. Two Women.

Marcel Duchamp. Fountain.

Hannah Höch.Cut with the Dada Kitchen Knife through the Last Weimar Beer-Belly Cultural Epoch in Germany

Jean Arp. Cloud Shepherd

Raoul Hausmann. The Merz

Entartete Kunst. Le Canot. 15.

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Chosen from the Dada movement.Hannah Höch.Hannah Höch, November 1st, 1889 – May 31st, 1978) was a German Dada artist. She is best known for her work of the Weimar period, when she was one of the originators of photomontage.What I like about Hannah’s work is how erratic and unusual it is. I like the layering of the collages and how Hannah has created faces out of different sections of other peoples faces. The colours used aren’t very vibrant but I think that the pieces of work wouldn’t be as affective if the colours were different.

found insperational.Artists I

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Chosen from the Dada movement.Raoul Hausmann.Raoul Hausmann July 12th, 1886 – February 1st, 1971 was an Austrian artist and writer. One of the key figures in Berlin Dada, his experimental photographic collages, sound poetry and institutional critiques would have a profound influence on the European Avant-Garde in the aftermath of World War I.What I like about Raoul’s work how unusual it is, for example his head sculpture, it is unusal because of the build and the attachments on it. I like the collages because there are several layers and multiple imagery as well as typography. The colours used are quite dull but if the colours were vibrant i don’t think that the work would look as good as it does like this.

found insperational.Artists I

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aus.BauhWhat is Bauhaus?Commonly known simply as Bauhaus, was a school in Germany that combined crafts and the fine arts, and was famous for the approach to design that it publicized and taught. It operated from 1919 to 1933. At that time the German term Bauhaus literally “house of construction”, stood for “School of Building”. The Bauhaus school was founded by Walter Gropius in Weimar. In spite of its name, and the fact that its founder was an architect, the Bauhaus did not have an architecture department during the first years of its existence. Nonetheless it was founded with the idea of creating a “total” work of art in which all arts, including architecture, would eventually be brought together. The Bauhaus style became one of the most influential currents in Modernist architecture and modern design. The Bauhaus had a profound influence upon subsequent developments in art, architecture, graphic design, interior design, industrial design, and typography.

Marianne Brandt. Ashtray

Otto Lindig. Coffee jugs.

Naum Gabo. Revolving Torsion.

Piet Mondrian.Composition II in Red, Blue, and Yellow.

Gunta Stölzl. African Chair.

Naum Slutzky. Steel coffee pot. 18.

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Chosen from the Bauhaus movement.Piet Mondrian.Piet Mondrian March 7th, 1872 – February 1st, 1944 was a Dutch painter. He was an important contributor to the De Stijl art movement and group, which was founded by Theo van Doesburg. He evolved a non-representational form which he termed Neo-Plasticism. This consisted of white ground, upon which was painted a grid of vertical and horizontal black lines and the three primary colors.

Piet’s work to me looks like a grid, it is extreamly neat and well measured. The use of three colours and the tones black and white makes Peit’s work bold and eye-catching because the black lines bring out the colour. I like how Peit has used squared shapes and fitted them together in ways that looks good and not overly crouded.

found insperational.Artists I

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Chosen from the Bauhaus movement.Gunta Stölzl.Gunta Stölzl 5th March 1897 – 22ndApril 1983 was a German textile artist who played a fundamental role in the development of the Bauhaus school’s weaving workshop. As the Bauhaus’s only female master she created enormous change within the weaving depart-ment as it transitioned from individual pictorial works to modern industrial designs. She joined the Bauhaus as a student in 1920, became a junior master in 1927 and a full master the next year. She was dismissed for political reasons in 1931, two years before the Bauhaus closed under pressure from the Nazis.

What I like about Gunta’s work is the use of a lot of colour, I like how vibrant and bold the colours are and the patterns withing Gunta’s work are irratic and because of the variation of patterns mixed together it makes the piece created jump out and grap your attention.

found insperational.Artists I

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alism.SurreWhat is Surrealism?

Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early 1920s, and is best known for its visual artworks and writings. The aim was to “resolve the previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality.” Artists painted unnerving, illogical scenes with photographic precision, created strange creatures from everyday objects and developed painting techniques that allowed the unconscious to express itself. Surrealist works feature the element of surprise, unexpected juxtapositions and non sequitur; however, many Surrealist artists and writers regard their work as an expression of the philosophical movement first and foremost, with the works being an artefact. Leader André Breton was explicit in his assertion that Surrealism was above all a revolutionary move-ment.

Salvador Dalí. The Persistence of Memory.

Max Ernst.L’Ange du Foyer ou le Triomphe du Surréalisme.

Yves Tanguy. Indefinite Divisibility.

Dorothea Tanning. Some Roses and their Phantoms.

Giorgio de Chirico. Love Song.

Kay Sage. Danger, Construction Ahead.

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Chosen from the surrealism movement.Salvador Dalí.Salvador Dalí (May 11, 1904 – January 23, 1989, was a prominent Spanish surrealist painter born in Figueres, Spain. Dalí was a skilled draftsman, best known for the striking and bizarre images in his surrealist work. His painterly skills are often attributed to the influence of Renaissance masters. His best-known work, The Persistence of Memory, was completed in 1931. Dalí’s expansive artistic repertoire included film, sculpture, and photography, in collaboration with a range of artists in a variety of media.

What I like about Salvador’s work is how it manages to keep your attention on it because of how interesting it is, the way his work is layed out in this fantasy way is amazing. The work he creates is like another dimention in which you wouldn’t dream about exisitng. Salvador brought the idea of another world into the minds of viewers purely through his imaginative creations.

found insperational.Artists I

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Chosen from the surrealism movement.found insperational.Artists I

Kay Sage.Katherine Linn Sage (June 25, 1898 – January 8, 1963 usually known as Kay Sage, was an American Surrealist artist and poet. Despite rejection by André Breton and most of the Surrealist group, Kay Sage consistently identified herself as a Surrealist, and authors who have written about her usually do so as well. What I like about Kay’s work is how realistic it looks, I also like all the twist and sharp points used within her work, it is expressive and in my opinion shows some form of expression towards her inner emotions, the way some of the object within her painting twist and turn and then end in a point almost looks like something that is forming and is alive. Kay’s work gives personification to the inanimate object within her work because of they way she has painted them.

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Modernism

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Research.Post-Modernism Websites I used for research:

What is Post-Modernism?Post-Modernism followed after Modernism. Culture, literature, art, philosophy, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism, is some of the criteria that Post-Modernism focused on, it was a rebellious movement in which it showed it’s opinion broadly through it’s creations. It is a bold, colourful and expressive movement, it is believed that Post-Modernism expressed reality through the eyes of individuals instead of through the eyes of what reality is believed to be. One of the most well-known postmodernist concerns is “deconstruction,” a concern for philosophy, literary criticism, and textual analysis developed by Jacques Derrida. The notion of a “deconstructive” approach implies an analysis that questions the already evident deconstruction of a text in terms of presuppositions, ideological underpinnings, hierarchical values, and frames of reference. A deconstructive approach further depends on the techniques of close reading without reference to cultural, ideological, moral opinions or information derived from an authority over the text such as the author.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postmodernismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_expressionismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackson_Pollockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Hofmannhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Klinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clyfford_Stillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Rothkohttp://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/pollock/http://arthistory.about.com/od/from_exhibitions/ig/ac-tion_abstraction/jm-aa_08_01.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pop_arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Warholhttp://coca-cola-art.com/2008/07/04/andy-warhol-su-permarket-of-styles/http://www.students.sbc.edu/kitchin04/artandexpres-sion/contemporary%20art.htmlhttp://blogs.artinfo.com/artintheair/2012/10/18/see-roy-lichtensteins-cover-for-newsweeks-1966-pop-art-issue/http://www.npr.org/2012/10/15/162807890/one-dot-at-a-time-lichtenstein-made-art-pophttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-painterly_abstractionhttp://eyelevel.si.edu/2008/03/sam-francis.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Davis_(painter)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris_Louishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Stellahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Bushhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Nolandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyrical_abstractionhttp://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/67.232http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_(graphic_design)

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Time.over

Movements

Post-Modernism. Abstract Expressionism. Pop Art. Photorealism.

Earth/Land Art. Post-painterly Abstraction.

1945 - 1960 American movement (originating in NY: The New York School ) influenced by surrealism, with its emphasis on spontaneous, automatic or subconscious creation.(Arshile Gorky, Franz Kline, Clyfford Still, Hans Hof-mann, Willem de Kooning, Jackson Pollock, Robert Motherwell, William Baziotes, Helen Frankenthaler).

1960s A reaction to Ab Ex, themes and techniques drawn from popular mass culture, such as advertising, comic books and mundane cultural objects. Images of popular as opposed to elitist culture in art, emphasizing the banal or kitschy elements of any given culture, most often through the use of irony, make it difficult to readily comprehend. (Roy Lichtenstein, Andy Warhol, Tom Wesselmann).

mid-1960s Photorealism (Hyper Realism) evolved from Pop Art and as a counter to Abstract Expressionism as well as Minimalism. Change and movement must be frozen in time. Transfer from a photograph to the canvas is done using projection or the grid. (Richard Estes, Chuck Close, Charles Bell, Audrey Flack, Don Eddy).

late 1960s Landscape is the creation, exist in the open, located well away from civilization, left to change and erode under natural conditions. (Nancy Holt, Walter De Maria, Dennis Oppenheim, Michael Heizer, James Turrell, Andy Goldsworthy, Richard Long).

As painting continued to move in different directions, powered by the spirit of innovation of the time, the term “post-painterly abstraction”, was gradually supplanted by minimalism, hard-edge painting, lyrical abstraction and color field painting.

Minimalism.1960s – reaction against Abstract Expressionism and a bridge to Postmodern art. The work is stripped down to its most fundamental features. “Less is More” . Sharp contrast to the energy-filled and highly subjective, emotionally charged paintings of Willem de Kooning or Franz Kline. (Donald Judd, Agnes Martin, Robert Morris, Frank Stella).

Lyrical Abstraction.1940s (Europe) 1960s (America) Characterized by intuitive loose paint handling, spontaneous expression, process, occasional imagery, and other painterly techniques. It led the way away from minimalism and toward a new freer expressionism. (Hans Hartung, Pierre Soulages Alfred Manessier, Wols, Jean Dubuffet, Sam Francis).

Post-Modernism followed after Modernism. Culture, literature, art, philosophy, economics, architecture, fiction, and literary criticism, is some of the criteria that Post-Modernism focused on, it was a rebellious movement in which it showed it’s opinion broadly through it’s creations.

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Abstract Expressionism.

What is Abstract Expressionism?

Abstract expressionism was an American post–World War II art movement. It was the first specifically American movement to achieve international influence and put New York City at the center of the western art world, a role formerly filled by Paris. Although the term “abstract expressionism” was first applied to American art in 1946 by the art critic Robert Coates, it had been first used in Germany in 1919 in the magazine Der Sturm, regarding German Expressionism. In the United States, Alfred Barr was the first to use this term in 1929 in relation to works by Wassily Kandinsky.

Jackson Pollock. No. 5.

Hans Hofmann. The Gate.

Franz Kline. Painting Number 2.

Clyfford Still. No. 1.

Mark Rothko. Four Darks in Red.

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Artists I found insperational.Chosen from the Abstract Expressionism movement.

Jackson Pollock.Paul Jackson Pollock (January 28, 1912 – August 11, 1956), known as Jackson Pollock, was an influential American painter and a major figure in the abstract expressionist movement. He was well known for his unique style of drip painting.

What I like about Pollock’s work is how erratic it is, the var-iation in directions that the paint splats in on some of his painings shows, in my opinion, chaos . I like the variation in colour, how there is a mixture of vibrant, bright col-ours and then dull, dark colours. Pollock’s paintings aren’t obvious as to what has been painted, the images within the paintings are quickly drawn and have a mixture of mark making and brush strokes to create the image. There is a variation in line quality to express sertain section of the painting more than others.

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Artists I found insperational.Chosen from the Abstract Expressionism movement.

Hans Hofmann.Hans Hofmann (March 21, 1880 – February 17, 1966) was a German-born American abstract expressionist painter. Hofmann’s art work is distinguished by a rigorous concern with pictorial structure, spatial illusion, and color relationships. His completely abstract works date from the 1940s. Hofmann believed that abstract art was a way to get at the important reality. He famously stated that “the ability to simplify means to eliminate the unnecessary so that the necessary may speak”.

What I like about Hofmann’s work is how vibrant the colours are nd how his work doesn’t blend the colours into one another instead the colours are just brushed ontop of one another creating layers. Hofmann’s work is erratic and expressive. Hofmann’s work doesn’t have any visable, in depth detail within his painting but is more loose and free with his paintings.

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Pop Art.What is Pop Art?Pop art is an art movement that emerged in the mid-1950s in Britain and in the late 1950s in the United States. Pop art presented a challenge to traditions of fine art by including imagery from popular culture such as advertising, news, etc. In Pop art, material is sometimes visually removed from its known context, isolated, and/or combined with unrelated material. The concept of pop art refers not as much to the art itself as to the attitudes that led to it. Pop art employs aspects of mass culture, such as advertising, comic books and mundane cultural objects. It is widely interpreted as a reaction to the then-dominant ideas of abstract expressionism, as well as an expansion upon them. And due to its utilization of found objects and images it is similar to Dada. Pop art is aimed to employ images of popular as opposed to elitist culture in art, emphasizing the banal or kitschy elements of any given culture, most often through the use of irony. It is also associated with

the artists’ use of mechanical means of reproduction or rendering techniques.

Richard Hamilton. Just what is it that makes today’s homes so different, so appealing?

Eduardo Paolozzi. I was a Rich Man’s Plaything.

Roy Lichtenstein. Drowning Girl.

Andy Warhol. Campbell’s Soup Cans.

Wayne Thiebaud. Three Machines.

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Artists I found insperational.Chosen from the Pop Art movement.

Andy Warhol.Andy Warhol August 6th, 1928 – February 22nd, 1987 was an American artist who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as pop art. His works explore the relationship between artistic expression, celebrity culture and advertisement that flourished by the 1960s. After a successful career as a commercial illustrator, Warhol became a renowned and sometimes controversial artist. The Andy Warhol Museum in his native city,

What I like about Warhol’s work is how he takes one image and simpley changes the colours or turns the colours negative and pieces them together to create a whole newimage.

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Artists I found insperational.Chosen from the Pop Art movement.

Roy Lichtenstein.Roy Lichtenstein October 27, 1923 – September 29, 1997 was an American pop artist. During the 1960s, his paintings were exhibited at the Leo Castelli Gallery in New York City and, along with Andy Warhol, Jasper Johns, James Rosenquist, and others. He became a leading figure in the new art movement. His work defined the basic premise of pop art better than any other through parody. Favoring the old-fashioned comic strip as subject matter, Lichtenstein produced hard-edged, precise compositions that documented while it parodied often in a tongue-in-cheek humorous manner.

What I like about Lichtenstein’s work is how they are his own versions of comic strips, which i adore because each picture tells a little story and leads to a bigger story. I also like thefacial features on Lichtenstein’s paintings because they re detailed but nothing too extreme.

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Post-painterly Abstraction.

What is Post-painterly Abstraction?

Post-painter ly abstract ion is a term created by ar t cr it ic Clement Greenberg as the t it le for an exhibit he curated for the Los Angeles C ounty Museum of Art in 1964, which subsequent ly t ravel led to the Walker Art C enter and the Art Gal ler y of Toronto. Greenberg had perceived that there was a new movement in paint ing that der ived f rom the abstract express ionism of the 1940s and 1950s but “favored openness or c lar ity” as opposed to the dense painter ly sur faces of that paint ing sty le .

Kenneth Noland. Bridge.

Morris Louis. Where.

Jack Bush. Big A.

Gene Davis. Black Grey Beat.

Frank Stella. Harran II.

Sam Francis. Blue Balls.

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Artists I found insperational.Chosen from the Post-painterly Abstraction movement.

Morris Louis.Morris Louis born Morris Louis Bernstein, 28th November 1912 – 7th September 1962 was an American painter. During the 1950s he became one of the earliest exponents of Color Field painting. Living in Washington, DC. Louis, along with Kenneth Noland and other Washington painters formed an art movement that is known today as the Washington Color School.

What I like about Louis’s work is the bright coloures used and how it isn’t an actual image of something but more just brush strokes and using a variation of line quality and line direction to create this eye-catching image.

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Artists I found insperational.Chosen from the Post-painterly Abstraction movement.

Kenneth Noland.Kenneth Noland April 10th, 1924 – January 5th, 2010 was an American abstract painter. He was one of the best-known American Color field painters, although in the 1950s he was thought of as an abstract expressionist and in the early 1960s he was thought of as a minimalist painter. Noland helped estab-lish the Washington Color School movement. In 1977 he was honored by a major retrospective at the Solomon R. Guggen-heim Museum, in New York that then traveled to the Hirsh-horn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington, DC. and the Toledo Museum of Art, in Ohio in 1978. In 2006 Noland’s Stripe Paintings were exhibited at the Tate in London.

What I like about Noland’s work is how simple it is. Noland uses simple shapes and bold colours to create his work. I like how Noland manages to create such interesting pieces of art just by using the simplest of things. The colours in Noland’s work is what Brings the attention, and the qhite space around the image he has drawn.

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My chosen Movement for my designs.

After researching into both movements I have decided that I am going to go for Post-Modernism because it i s the more express ive and bold movement of the two. I enjoy both movements but I wanted to go for something that I understand better and what I personal ly think that people would want to know more about and would purchase a magazine about . I think that Post-Modernism is a interest ing movement

because of the var iat ion of movements that came f rom it , because of the wide var iety of work and the ammount of di f ferent ar t ists in the movement it would make for a fantast ic magazine subject because it i s not only bold pieces of ar t but it i s a bold subject that just jumps out and is capeable of dragging people into it because of the amount of amazing subjects and the histor y of the movement itse l f .

Post-Modernism.Why did i choose Post-Modernism?

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Research into magazine covers.

I-D Magazine.

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Research into magazine covers.

Design Weekly Magazine.

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grid system.A typographic grid is a two-dimensional structure made up of a series of intersecting vertical and horizontal axes used to structure content. The grid serves as an armature on which a designer can organize text and images in a rational, easy to absorb manner.

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Front and back cover thumbnail designs for the magazine.

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First page and introduction page thumbnail designs for magazine.

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Lichtenstein image and Lichtenstein information pages thumbnail designs for magazine.

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Name of the magazine thumbnails for the magazine.

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My final chosen pieces for the magazine.