modern microscopes

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Modern Microscopes. Putting Things In Perspective. Transmission Electron Microscope TEM - 1931. Magnifies up to 1,000,000 x. A beam of electrons are transmitted through a specimen. Produces a 2-D image that must be photographed to be observed. Detailed parts inside the cell can be observed. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Modern Microscopes
Page 2: Modern Microscopes

Putting Things In Putting Things In PerspectivePerspective

Page 3: Modern Microscopes

Transmission Electron Transmission Electron Microscope TEM - 1931Microscope TEM - 1931

Magnifies up to 1,000,000 Magnifies up to 1,000,000 x.x.

A beam of electrons are A beam of electrons are transmitted through a transmitted through a specimen.specimen.

Produces a 2-D image that Produces a 2-D image that must be photographed to must be photographed to be observed.be observed.

Detailed parts inside the Detailed parts inside the cell can be observed.cell can be observed.

Page 4: Modern Microscopes

TEM –Mitochondria & TEM –Mitochondria & ERER

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Mitochondria

Page 5: Modern Microscopes

Scanning Electron Scanning Electron Microscope SEM - 1935Microscope SEM - 1935

Magnifies up to 200,000 x.Magnifies up to 200,000 x. Works by scanning Works by scanning

electrons over an object.electrons over an object. Produces 3-D images that Produces 3-D images that

can only be viewed on a can only be viewed on a screen or as a photograph.screen or as a photograph.

Page 6: Modern Microscopes

Images Using A SEMImages Using A SEM

4 eyes of a fruit fly4 eyes of a fruit fly Pollen GrainsPollen Grains

Page 7: Modern Microscopes

Fluorescence Fluorescence MicroscopeMicroscope

Magnifies up to 1,500 xMagnifies up to 1,500 x Specimen is treated with Specimen is treated with

fluorescent stain.fluorescent stain.

Page 8: Modern Microscopes

Light Microscopes – Light Microscopes – Late 1500’sLate 1500’s

Light microscopes can magnify objects 1000x – Light microscopes can magnify objects 1000x – 2000x2000x

Modern light microscopes are compound Modern light microscopes are compound microscopes, meaning they have 2 lenses. The microscopes, meaning they have 2 lenses. The total magnification is determined by total magnification is determined by multiplying the magnification of the eyepiece multiplying the magnification of the eyepiece times the magnification of the objective.times the magnification of the objective.

Page 9: Modern Microscopes

Calculating Calculating MagnificationMagnification

Eyepiece = 10xEyepiece = 10x

Objective = 10xObjective = 10x

Total Magnification = 100xTotal Magnification = 100x

10x X 10x = 100x10x X 10x = 100x

Page 10: Modern Microscopes

Parts of the Parts of the MicroscopeMicroscope

Page 11: Modern Microscopes

ObjectivesObjectives

Shortest objective with a Shortest objective with a red band is 4x.red band is 4x.

Longest objective is Longest objective is highest power.highest power.

The older microscopes The older microscopes have 3 objectives, the have 3 objectives, the longest objective is 40x.longest objective is 40x.

The new microscopes have The new microscopes have 4 objectives. The longest 4 objectives. The longest objective is 100x. objective is 100x.

Do not use the 100x Do not use the 100x objective unless objective unless instructed to do so.instructed to do so.

Always use the lowest Always use the lowest power first.power first.

Never use the coarse Never use the coarse adjustment knob when adjustment knob when using the 40x or 100x using the 40x or 100x objectives. objectives.

4x

10x

40x

Page 12: Modern Microscopes

Mechanical StageMechanical Stage

New microscopes have a New microscopes have a mechanical stage.mechanical stage.

To use, gently pull To use, gently pull the clip open and the clip open and insert the slide.insert the slide.

Allow the clip to fit Allow the clip to fit around the slide.around the slide.

Use the knobs to move Use the knobs to move the slide up and down the slide up and down or left and right.or left and right.

Page 13: Modern Microscopes

Moving A Microscope Moving A Microscope #1#1

Preparation is important when Preparation is important when moving a microscope. moving a microscope. Clear path to destination.Clear path to destination.Clean the area where the microscope Clean the area where the microscope will be placed.will be placed.

Prop open doors if moving from room Prop open doors if moving from room to room.to room.

Page 14: Modern Microscopes

Moving A Microscope Moving A Microscope #2#2

Prepare the microscope for transport. Prepare the microscope for transport. Remove slide, if in place.Remove slide, if in place.Clean lens of objective with lens paper.Clean lens of objective with lens paper.Remove plug from outlet and secure cord.Remove plug from outlet and secure cord.

Page 15: Modern Microscopes

Moving A Microscope Moving A Microscope #3#3

Carefully place Carefully place one hand on the one hand on the arm of the arm of the microscope. Slowly microscope. Slowly lift the lift the microscope up, and microscope up, and place your other place your other hand underneath hand underneath the base to the base to provide support.provide support.

Page 16: Modern Microscopes

Moving A Microscope Moving A Microscope #4#4

Walk slowly and keep the Walk slowly and keep the microscope close to your microscope close to your body while while carrying it to the new destination.carrying it to the new destination.

Set the microscope down gently Set the microscope down gently in the new location. If needed, plug in the new location. If needed, plug the cord into the nearest electrical the cord into the nearest electrical outlet and carefully secure any excess outlet and carefully secure any excess cord.cord.

Page 17: Modern Microscopes

Using A MicroscopeUsing A Microscope

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jP9HtcAvGDk&feature=related

Page 18: Modern Microscopes

How Not To Use the How Not To Use the MicroscopeMicroscope

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vRIA04U796E&feature=related

Page 19: Modern Microscopes

Parts of the Parts of the Microscope Microscope

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8 & 9

10

11

Word BankBaseCourse

adjustment knobEyepiece

Stage clipsIlluminator or

lightObjectivesAperture

ArmStageHead

Fine adjustment knob

Page 20: Modern Microscopes

QuizQuiz

Which type of microscope can magnify images Which type of microscope can magnify images 1000x to 2000x? 1000x to 2000x?

Which type of microscope produces 2-D Which type of microscope produces 2-D images that are magnified 1,000,000x and images that are magnified 1,000,000x and can only be observed by taking a photograph can only be observed by taking a photograph or looking on a screen?or looking on a screen?

Which type of microscope produces a 3-D Which type of microscope produces a 3-D image that is magnified 200,000x can only image that is magnified 200,000x can only be seen using a monitor or by taking a be seen using a monitor or by taking a photograph? photograph?

Page 21: Modern Microscopes

QuizQuiz

The use of which type of microscope could The use of which type of microscope could result in a live specimen after viewing?result in a live specimen after viewing?

Which type of microscope allows a Which type of microscope allows a scientist to see molecular compounds such scientist to see molecular compounds such as proteins and lipids?as proteins and lipids?

What can be seen using a light microscope What can be seen using a light microscope that cannot be seen with the unaided eye?that cannot be seen with the unaided eye?

How do you properly carry a microscope?How do you properly carry a microscope?

Page 22: Modern Microscopes

QuizQuiz

T/F If you want to show your lab partner T/F If you want to show your lab partner what you see under your microscope, just what you see under your microscope, just carefully turn the whole microscope toward carefully turn the whole microscope toward your partner.your partner.

When first viewing a specimen under the When first viewing a specimen under the microscope, which objective should be used?microscope, which objective should be used?

What should you never do when observing a What should you never do when observing a specimen using the high power objective?specimen using the high power objective?

If the eyepiece has a magnification of 10x If the eyepiece has a magnification of 10x and the objective has a magnification of and the objective has a magnification of 100x, how many times larger than the specimen 100x, how many times larger than the specimen is the image?is the image?