Modern Loom

EDITED BY

MD. ARMAN SARKER

KHONDOKER PAVEL

SABRINA AKTAR

DEPARTMENT OF TEXTILE ENGINEERING

What is Loom?

o Device or Machine.

o Used to Produce Woven Fabric.

o Central Point of Fabric Production.

Modern Loom

o Shuttle Less loom.

o Development during 20th century.

o Driven by Electric power.

o Complex design.

o High speed.,

Classification of Modern Loom

Projectile

Rapier

Air jet

Water jet

Multi phase.

Projectile Loom….

This picking action is accomplished by a series of small bullet projectiles which grip the filing yarn and carry it through the shed and return empty.

Features……

• Accommodator used reduce tension

• Power consumption is less (3 kw-hr)

• No. of projectile 11 to 17

• Width minimum 190 cm

• Width maximum 540 cm

• Multiple fabric produce

Application: Double beam single fabric can be produced in projectile.

Projectile Loom

Advantages• Fashionable fabric may produce

• Drawing-in pinning of drop wires and knotting are accepted practice

• The weft and warp stop motions actuate first and reliable

• Simple to operate and maintain

• Less noisy then shuttle looms.

Disadvantages• Require skilled personnel

• High initial investment

• High noisy than jet loom

• It lasted long

Rapier Loom

Rapier Loom

These loom are competitors to the missille looms.There are two types of rapier looms.

Long/single rapier

Double Rapier

long/single rapier that carries the weft across the width from one side of the loom to another.Double rapier that is one on each side of the loom.

Rapier Loom

Features:• Production costly.

• Power consumption moderate

• Simple mechanism

• Suitable for weft patterning

• Standard rapier width 190 cm.

Application: Fancy fabric produced.

Rapier Loom

Advantages• Suitable for weft patterning

• Power consumption moderate

• Simple mechanism • Production speed (200-260 ppm)

Disadvantages• Noise level is high then jet loom

• Production speed is less then jet loom.

Air jet Loom

Air jet Loom

Air jet weaving loom is that, at which jet of air is used to propel the weft yarn through the shed at a speed of up to 600 ppm.

They are suitable use with medium weight yarns then very light and very heavy yarn.

Air jet Loom

Features:

• Power consumption less

• Much production std. Fabric and light to medium fabric produced

• Air jet std.width 190 cm.

• Highest weft insertion performance(600 ppm)

• Multi color weft insertion up to 8

Application :Light and medium fabric has produced.

Air jet Loom

Advantages• Air jet standard. width 190 cm.

• Power consumption less

• Highest weft insertion performance(600 ppm)

• Noise levels is lower than missile and rapier loom.

Disadvantages• Due to air resistance there form pile up and buckle tip of yarn

• Some times there is formed loom of weft yarn along weft direction due to variation of air pressure.

• Double pick may occurred

• Excess air pressure of main nozzle cause miss pick or broken pick.

Water jet

Water jet loom

A pre measured length of filling yarn is carried across the loom by a jet of water. It can produce superior quality of fabrics.

Features:

• Less power consumption

• Highest weft insertion (600 ppm)

• weft yarn package weight 3.6-4.1 kg

• Treated water are used by pump nozzle.

Application: Non absorbent fibre like synthetic fabric

Water jet Loom

Advantages• Less power consumption

• Production rate is high

• Noise level is lower then missile and rapier loom

Disadvantages• Not suitable for absorbent fibre like (cotton)

• By hard water may form rust on the yarn.

Multi phase Loom

Multi phase Loom

Several sheds are opened simultaneously and weft is inserted in them by several carriers.

Several phases of the weaving cycle take place at any instant so that several picks are being inserted simultaneously.

Multi phase Loom

Wave shed machines (Weft way multiphase)

Weft carriers move in straight path

Circular weaving machines (weft carriers travel in circular path)

Parallel shed machines (Warp way multiphase)

Rapier

Air jet.

Multi-phase Loom

AdvantagesAs the weft carrier enters one portion of the warp the shed is formed ,as the carrier leaves that area, the shed changes.

The action may occur simultaneously across the width of the warp several times.

Disadvantages Missing picks cannot be easily repaired.

Warp and weft threads are not perfectly perpendicular to each other.

References

Textile Learner Blog Spot.com

NEPTEL

Google

Slide Share.com

Prof.Dr.E Onder’s Article.

Thank you