modelling forest ground vegetation on landscape scale larisa khanina 1, maxim bobrovsky 2, alexander...
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Modelling forest ground vegetation on landscape
scaleLarisa Khanina1, Maxim
Bobrovsky2, Alexander Komarov2, Alex
Mikhajlov2
1Institute of Mathematical Biology, Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Russia
2Institute of Soil Physics, Chemistry, and Biology,Russian Academy of Science, Pushchino, Russia
DynamicDATA EU25+ Regional Workshop I
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T R E E S
Climate
PAR
Initialisation
Available PAR for trees, ground vegetation and natural regeneration
Redistribution of soil available nitrogen
1 2 3 . n Ground vegetation
Natural regeneration
Model of soil organic matter ROMUL
Forest manager
Data viewer Graph interface 3D visualisation Ecosystem production
Soil features Trees renewal
Ground Vegetation
EFIMOD
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At the first step· an approach· an algorithm
· a special software
to calculate dynamics of ground vegetation diversity at a level of forest stand on a base of
· Forest Inventory Data· forest simulated results
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Our approachplant species functional groups in ground vegetation modelling
ecological-coenotic species groups
Ellenberg’s ecological indicator
species values
Species ordination scores (by ordinationof phytosociological
relevés)Multivariate analysis
introduced in Nitsenko (1969)
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Results of multivariate analysisca. 1000 forest vascular species
were split into the functional groupsBoreal Vaccinium myrtillus, Maianthemum bifolium,
Pyrola rotundifolia, Linnaea borealis
Nemoral Asarum europaeum, Aegopodium podagraria,
Galeobdolon luteum, Milium effusum
Piny Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Pteridium aquilinum,
Antennaria dioica, Calluna vulgaris
Nitrophilous
Aconitum septentrionale, Stellaria nemorum,
Urtica dioica
Meadow Fragaria vesca, Alchemilla sp., Dactylis glomerata
Water/Olg Caltha palustris, Typha angustifolia, Carex globularis
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To use the groups for modelling dynamics of ground vegetation· to define the dominant group
at the initial step of simulation
· to define rules of the group switching according to dynamics of the simulated parameters
tree species composition, light supply, deadwood volume, litter,
soil fertility and moisture
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Definition of dominant species groups at the initial step
Dominant group(s) in ground vegetation
Forest Inventory Data
Dominant species in ground vegetation
Database on ecological-
coenotic groups of plant species
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Definition of dominant species groups at the initial step
Forest Inventory Data
Forest Site Index - soil fertility and
moisture
Dominant tree species
Regional probability tables of correspondenceTree Dominant –
Forest Site Index - Dominant group in ground vegetation
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Forest type biodiversity assessment
Forest Type =Tree dominant + Dominant group in ground vegetation
Vegetation Sample Plots Data
Forest type biodiversity indices•Average number of plant species per square unit•Functional structure of ground vegetation
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Modeling of forest groundvegetation
Vege -tation (forest)
type
Dominant tree species in overstory
Dominant ecologo - coenotic group in ground
vegetation
Stand characteristics from Forest Inventory Data
Vege -tation (forest) type
Dominant tree species in overstory
Dominant ecologo - coenotic group in ground
vegetation
EFIMOD simulations
Tree species composition
Soil organic matter and nitrogenDeadwood
time 1 time n
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BioCalc - a software for dynamic analysis of forest ground vegetation diversity
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BioCalc input data
· tables of probabilistic distribution of the groups in ground vegetation according to the tree dominant and the forest site index· a correspondence table between a forest type and species diversity rank · a time series table of forest stand ecosystem parameters (EFIMOD runs)
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Rules of functional groups switching
User of the BioCalc software selects from the time series tables – in an interactive mode – thresholds for a number of ecosystem parameters.
Reaching these thresholds causes a change of the dominant ecological-coenotic group.
The user can observe all values of any ecosystem parameter displayed graphically
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Rules of functional groups switching
If the values are digital, a graphic is built where the values go in ascending order, which allows for easy detection of the thresholds
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BioCalck outputsDynamics of
· ground vegetation functional groups,
· forest types, and · species diversity ranks
A link with Common-GIS (Andrienko, Andrienko, 1999) for visual exploration of ground vegetation dynamics at the landscape level
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A case study experimental forestry“Russkii Les”
273-hectare forest lot with 104 stands Four strategies of silvicultural regimes
for 200 years time span:·natural development·legal clear cutting
·selective cutting·illegal clear cutting
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(i) meadow group switched to boreal group when spruce began to dominate in overstorey
(ii) any group switched to nemoral when oak began to dominate in overstorey
(iii) piny group switched to boreal group when deadwood overpassed the 1st threshold value
(iv) any group switched to nitrophilous group when deadwood overpassed the second threshold value, and
(v) nitrophilous group switched to nemoral group when deadwood fell below the 2nd threshold value
Case study rules of functional group switching
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In the scenarios with clear cuttings: after the clear cutting, a dominant
group was taken from a specially designed probabilistic table of the group distribution in ground vegetation designed for the after-clear-cutting conditions
Case study rules of functional group switching
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Tree dominant dynamicsSelective cuttingsNatural development
Illegal clear cuttingsLegal clear cuttings
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Tree dominant dynamics
The beginning
Legal clear cutting
Natural development
Legal selective cutting
Illegal clear cutting
200-year dynamics
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Deadwood dynamics
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Functional group dynamicsNatural development
Legal clear cutting Illegal clear cutting
Legal selective cuttings
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Functional group dynamics
The beginning
Legal clear cutting
Natural development
Legal selective cutting
Illegal clear cutting
200-year dynamics
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Species diversity dynamics
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Species diversity dynamics
The beginning
Legal clear cutting
Natural development
Legal selective cutting
Illegal clear cutting
200-year dynamics
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Tree dominant dynamics – regional level
1 Pine, 2 Spruce, 3 Birch, 4 Aspen
I initial state, II legal clear-cutting, III natural development
50-year dynamics
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Functional group dynamics– regional level
I initial state, II legal clear-cutting, III natural development
50-year dynamics
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Species diversity dynamics – regional level
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 – ranks of species diversity
I initial state, II legal clear-cutting, III natural development
50-year dynamics
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used tree compositiondeadwood
in progress humus amountnitrogen amount
in plan light soil moisture
EFIMOD parameters for ground vegetation dynamics
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Thank you for your attention!