model 3 dehrm (colombo)

8/19/2019 Model 3 DEHRM (Colombo)

1/20

THE IMPACT OF HRM PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A GENERAL MODEL AND A

TEST FOR URUGUAY

INTRODUCTION

Independently of the t!"te#y follo$ed to def%ne the !ele&"nt HRM %nd%'"to!( the e)p%!%'"l l%te!"t*!e to d"te h" #ene!"lly

p!o&%ded $%th *ppo!t%&e e&%den'e on the e+%ten'e of po%t%&e !el"t%onh%p ,et$een "t le"t one pe'%f%' d%)en%on of

f%!)- e'ono)%' pe!fo!)"n'e "nd 'e!t"%n H*)"n Reo*!'e M"n"#e)ent .HRM/ p!"'t%'e .0!e$te! "nd M"y!hofe!( 1231

p!o&%de " 'o)p!ehen%&e *pd"ted !e&%e$/4 Ho$e&e!( only fe$ )*lt%&"!%"te "n"lye h"&e ,een pe!fo!)ed 'on%de!%n# "t the

")e t%)e the 'onf%#*!"t%on of thee p!"'t%'e( the 'ont%n#en'y &"!%",le of the o!#"n%5"t%on( to#ethe! $%th the %nt%t*t%on"l

'onte+t %n $h%'h thee p!"'t%'e "!e %)ple)ented "nd the%! %)p"'t on o!#"n%5"t%on"l pe!fo!)"n'e4 Th% p"pe! %nt!od*'e "

tet",le #ene!"l theo!et%'"l )odel "nd *))"!%5e the !e*lt of " e!%e of e)p%!%'"l "n"lye( *%n# d"t" fo! U!*#*"y4

Re'ent %nt%t*t%on"l 'h"n#e th"t h"&e t"6en pl"'e %n U!*#*"y t"!t%n# %n 1227 p!o&%de " *n%8*e oppo!t*n%ty to "n"ly5e

HRM *nde! d%ffe!ent 'onte+t of %nd*t!%"l !el"t%on( 'olle't%&e ,"!#"%n%n# "nd %n'!e"%n# *n%on%5"t%on4 The #ene!"l )odel

%nt!od*'ed l%n6 the p!o,",%l%ty of "tt"%n%n# " 'e!t"%n le&el of f%!) pe!fo!)"n'e to H*)"n Reo*!'e M"n"#e)ent .HRM/

p!"'t%'e( $h%le 'ont!oll%n# fo! d%&e!e 'h"!"'te!%t%' !el"ted to *n%on%5"t%on " $ell " fo! othe! 'ont%n#en'y &"!%",le4

P"!t%'*l"! e)ph"% % "lo et on the e+%ten'e of 'o)ple)ent"!%t%e ")on# p!"'t%'e4 9%th%n e)p%!%'"l t*d%e( th% %*e

%n&ol&e %n'l*d%n# HRM p!"'t%'e %nte!"'t%n# %nd%&%d*"lly o! ,y *,et( **"lly %n ,*ndle'onf%#*!"t%on p!e&%o*ly

%dent%f%ed ,y d%ffe!ent t"t%t%'"l )ethod4

The U!*#*"y"n e&%den'e % )odeled "lon# thee l%ne( ,"ed on " ")ple of 1;< 'o)p"n%e $%th )o!e th"n 72 e)ployee(

)ot of the) SME "''o!d%n# to %nte!n"t%on"l t"nd"!d ,*t nonethele the l"!#et f%!) %n the 'o*nt!y4

The ne+t e't%on % de&oted to !e&%e$ the l%te!"t*!e on thee t$o top%' th"t %n t*!n =*t%f%e the pe'%f%'"t%on of the e)p%!%'"l

)odel "nd %t "ppl%'"t%on to U!*#*"y4 A de'!%pt%on of the %nfo!)"t%on et "nd the def%n%t%on of the &"!%",le th"t "!e

%n'l*ded %n Se't%on >4 In Se't%on < the o*t'o)e of the et%)"ted )odel % d%'*ed $h%le the )ot !ele&"nt 'on'l*%on "!e

*))"!%5ed %n the f%n"l e't%on4

14 LITERATURE RE?IE9

1434 HRM "nd O!#"n%5"t%on"l Pe!fo!)"n'e

The !epo!ted e&%den'e fo! the US .ee Ge!h"!t( 1227/ *##et th"t l",o! p!od*'t%&%ty "ndo! o!#"n%5"t%on"l pe!fo!)"n'e "!e

po%t%&ely !el"ted to d%&e!e fe"t*!e of HR )"n"#e)ent yte) *'h " !e'!*%t)ent "nd ele't%on .@o'h y M'G!"th(

1


2/20

3B/ t!"%n%n# p!o#!") .0"!tel( 3


3/20

3; Go$le! "nd Le##e( 3KB L","d%e( 1227 Mon6( 31 Rod!#*e5 et al.( 122>/4 Dele!y "nd Doty .3B/ 'o)p"!e

p!"'t%'e $%th%n t$o 'onf%#*!"t%on"l yte)( n")ely the %nte!n"l "nd the )"!6et yte)4 H*el%d( "'6on( "nd S'h*le!

.3;/ '%te "'t%&%t%e *'h " 'o)pen"t%on yte)( te"),"ed =o, de%#n( fle+%,le $o!6fo!'e( 8*"l%ty %)p!o&e)ent

p!"'t%'e( e)ployee e)po$e!)ent( "nd pl"nned de&elop)ent of the t"lent !e8*%!ed to %)ple)ent 'o)pet%t%&e t!"te#y "nd

"'h%e&e ope!"t%on"l #o"l4

I'hn%o$6% et al. .3;/ e+pl"%n th"t $hen HRM p!"'t%'e "!e 'o),%ned %n d%ffe!ent fo!)( the effe't on o!#"n%5"t%on"l

pe!fo!)"n'e "!e )*'h #!e"te! th"n $hen p!"'t%'e "!e e+plo!ed %nd%&%d*"lly4 In f"'t( M"'D*ff%e .37/ "!#*e th"t the

"pp!op!%"te *n%t of "n"ly% fo! t*dy%n# the t!"te#%' l%n6 ,et$een d%ffe!ent HRM p!"'t%'e to pe!fo!)"n'e doe not %n&ol&e

%nd%&%d*"l "'t%&%t%e " )*'h " %nte!!el"ted "nd %nte!n"lly 'on%tent p!"'t%'e( '"lled ,*ndle4 He e+pl"%n th"t "

,*ndle '!e"te the )*lt%ple( !e%nfo!'%n# 'ond%t%on th"t *ppo!t e)ployee )ot%&"t%on4 Alon# the ")e l%ne of

"!#*)ent"t%on( Pe!!yS)%th "nd 0l*) .1222/ *##et th"t HR ,*ndle '"pt*!e ,!o"de! "nd h%#he!le&el effe't th"n thoe

'"pt*!ed ,y fo'*%n# on %nd%&%d*"l pol%'%e "nd "!e p"!t%'*l"!ly "pp!op!%"te fo! %n&et%#"t%n# f%!)le&el effe't4

A t!"nd of th% l%te!"t*!e h" "!#*ed th"t the !ele&"nt 'onf%#*!"t%on of p!"'t%'e &"!y "'!o o!#"n%5"t%on depend%n# on

e&e!"l d%)en%on( the fo'* ,e%n# )otly et on d%&e!#en'e %n )"n"#e)ent "nd d%t%n't 'o)pet%t%&e "d&"nt"#e( th"t "!e

%n t*!n )%!!o!ed %n d%ffe!ent o!#"n%5"t%on"l t!"te#%e ." ,!%ef !e'ent d%'*%on on the top%' '"n ,e fo*nd %n 0!e$te!( 122;/4

S'h*le! "nd "'6on .3K;/ d%t%n#*%h ")on# o!#"n%5"t%on"l t!"te#%e fo*nded on e%the! 'ot !ed*'t%on( 8*"l%ty

%)p!o&e)ent o! %nno&"t%on "'t%&%t%e4 The "*tho! "!#*e th"t e)ployee "!e !e8*%!ed to pl"y d%ffe!ent !ole depend%n# on

the type of t!"te#y "nd th* the ,et HR p!"'t%'e $o*ld ,e thoe th"t "!e )ot *%t",le to e!&e the p*!poe43

HR )"n"#e!%"l t!"te#%e d%pl"yed ,y f%!) ee6%n# to %)p!o&e o!#"n%5"t%on"l pe!fo!)"n'e h"&e ,een 'l"%f%ed %n t$o

,!o"d type depend%n# on the%! %nt!%n%' 'h"!"'te! ,e%n# o!%ented to$"!d the %n'!e"e of h*)"n !eo*!'e- 6%llle&el o!

ele of the de#!ee of %n&ol&e)ent of $o!6e! %n the o!#"n%5"t%on"l t!"te#y "nd the pe!fo!)"n'e of the f%!)4 Thee t$o

'"te#o!%e "!e d%'*ed %n the l%te!"t*!e *nde! d%ffe!ent deno)%n"t%on( *'h " 'ont!ol- "nd 'o))%t)ento!%ented-

p!"'t%'e .9"lton( 3K7/ eff%'%en'y- "nd t!"te#y- !el"ted HRM "'t%&%t%e .Fo),!*n et al 4( 3K


4/20

eff%'%en'y "nd t!"te#%'"lly o!%ented HRM "'t%&%t%e "!e ,oth 6ey 'o)ponent of the !e*lt%n# 'ont!*'t4 Goode!h") et al.

.122K/ p!opoe to denote thee 'onf%#*!"t%on " %nte!)ed%"!y- ,*ndle4

0*ndle th"t "!e **"lly fo*nd to ,e !ele&"nt "!e: ele't%&e !e'!*%t)ent( t!"%n%n# "nd %n'ent%&e p"y( ,oth of " '"l'*l"t%&e "nd

'oll",o!"t%&e n"t*!e .e4#4( 0l"'6 et al.( 122> G"l%"( 122B Goode!h") et al 4( 122K H*el%d( 37 I'h%no$6% et al 4(3;

@"to*( 122K St"&!o* "nd 0!e$te!( 1227/4 E&"l*"t%on yte)( ,oth "%)ed "t !e$"!d%n# pe!fo!)"n'e "nd o! t!"%n%n#

)on%to!%n#( "!e "lo f!e8*ently fo*nd to ,e !ele&"nt .e4#4( G"l%"( 122B Goode!h") et al 4( 122K H*el%d( 37 M"'D*ff%e(

37 St"&!o* "nd 0!e$te!( 1227/ te")$o!6%n# .e4#4( G"l%"( 122B M"'D*ff%e( 37/ " $ell " )"n"#e)ent$o!6fo!'e

'oope!"t%on( h"!ed &"l*e( 'o))*n%'"t%on "nd othe! fe"t*!e th"t ho*ld %)p!o&e 'o))%t)ent of $o!6e! to the

o!#"n%5"t%on .e4#4( H*el%d( 37 @"to*( 122K M"'D*ff%e( 37/4

Inte!n"t%on"l e&%den'e *ppo!t the e+%ten'e of po%t%&e l%n6"#e ,et$een )ot of thee HRM ,*ndle "nd o!#"n%5"t%on"l

pe!fo!)"n'e .0!e$te! "nd M"y!hofe!( 1231/4 Ree"!'h "lo *##et th"t %)p!o&e)ent %n pe!fo!)"n'e "!e "o'%"ted to

the *e of e&e!"l of the %n#le p!"'t%'e $%th%n thee ,*ndle( *'h " thoe !el"ted to 6%ll "nd 'o#n%t%&e !e'!*%t)ent(

t!"%n%n# o! %n'ent%&e p"y .e4#4( 0ee! et al., 3K7 0l"'6 "nd Lyn'h( 1223 Del"ney "nd H*el%d( 3B Fo),!*n et al., 3K G*th!%e( 1223 "'6on "nd S'h*le!( 1222 9"lton( 3K7/41 H%#h'o))%t)ent HR p!"'t%'e %dent%f%ed "

d!%&e! of pe!fo!)"n'e %n'l*de ele't%on "nd t!"%n%n# "'t%&%t%e th"t e)ph"%5e &"l*e "nd h*)"n !el"t%on ,eh"&%o*!,"ed

p!o)ot%on "nd !e$"!d%n# 'ont%n#ent p"y yte) $"#e et ",o&e the%! )"!6etle&el ")on# othe! .Len#n%'6H"ll et al 4(

122/4

Ho$e&e!( )*'h of the e+%t%n# e)p%!%'"l e&%den'e on the "'t*"l "dopt%on le&el of HRM( " God"!d .122


5/20

)*t*"l #"%n hypothee( $%th o)e 'onen* $%th%n the l%te!"t*!e th"t H%#h Pe!fo!)"n'e HRM p!"'t%'e $o*ld ope!"te

" " *,t%t*te to *n%on .@o'h"n( 3K2/4 Unde! th"t f!")e( po$e!f*l o! )%l%t"nt *n%on $%th " poo! !el"t%onh%p $%th

)"n"#e)ent "!e l%6ely to h"&e " ne#"t%&e %)p"'t on the "dopt%on of H%#h Pe!fo!)"n'e HR P!"'t%'e- .HPP/( "t the e+tent

th"t o!#"n%5"t%on 'h"!"'te!%5ed ,y l"!#e *n%on )%l%t"n'y )%#ht e+h%,%t " %#n%f%'"ntly lo$e! l%6el%hood of *nde!t"6%n# "ny

HPP .9ell( 3>/4 Ho$e&e!( the "*)pt%on h" l%ttle e)p%!%'"l *ppo!t e+'ept %n the '"e of "'t%&%t%e !el"ted to p"y "nd

'o))*n%'"t%on )ethod th"t #%&e d%!e't &o%'e to $o!6e! .God"!d( 122 M"'h%n "nd 9ood( 1227/( o! the *e of $o!d of

)o*th- " " !e'!*%t)ent o*!'e th"t h" ,e'o)e " p!o)%nent p!"'t%'e %n *n%on%5ed f!")e$o!6( " % the '"e of Ind%"

.0*dh$"! @h"t!%( 1221/4 So)e "*tho! h"&e "!#*ed th"t the %)ple)ent"t%on of o)e HR p!"'t%'e )"y %n 'ont!"t

#ene!"te " )*t*"l #"%n $%th *n%on pl"y%n# " )o!e p"!tne!h%po!%ented !ole %nte"d of the%! t!"d%t%on"l "d&e!"!%"l

po%t%on%n# .ee the !e&%e$ %n G%ll( 122/4

The 'ont%n#ent 'h"!"'te! of )"n"#e)ent h" ,een "lo "o'%"ted to othe! o!#"n%5"t%on"l 'h"!"'te!%t%'( *'h " the f%!)-

e'ono)%' "'t%&%ty .e4#4( %n 0loo) "nd ?"n Reenen( 122;/ "le )"!6et .e4#4( %n Ote!)"n( 3


6/20

3/ 9h"t % the %)p"'t of *n%on on o!#"n%5"t%on"l pe!fo!)"n'e $hen 'ont!oll%n# fo! HRM p!"'t%'e

1/ A!e the!e 'o)ple)ent"!%t%e ")on# HRM p!"'t%'e

>/ A!e the!e 'o)ple)ent"!%t%e ")on# d%ffe!ent ,*ndle of HRM p!"'t%'e


7/20

)e'h"n%) " pe!%od of de'l%n%n# *n%on den%ty $%th f%!)le&el ne#ot%"t%on "nd " pe!%od of %n'!e"%n# *n%on po$e! $%th

)"nd"to!y e'to! le&el 'olle't%&e ,"!#"%n%n#4

P!el%)%n"!y "n$e! to the ",o&e !ee"!'h 8*et%on h"&e ,een p!o&%ded ,y *%n# )*lt%&"!%"te )odel h"&e ,een "l!e"dy

p!eented ele$he!e( %nd%'"t%n# the !ele&"n'e of 'o)ple)ent"!%t%e( the %)po!t"n'e of d%t%n#*%h%n# ,et$een '"l'*l"t%&e

"nd 'oope!"t%&e ,*ndle to )odel the !el"t%onh%p to *n%on ,eh"&%o! "nd o!#"n%5"t%on"l t!"te#y( ,*t the et%)"t%on of the

f*ll )odel poe o)e )ethodolo#%'"l l%)%t"t%on %)poed ,y the U!*#*"y"n ")ple %5e( ,!%efly !efe!!ed %n the ne+t

e't%on4

141 The U!*#*"y"n C"e

141434 HRM p!"'t%'e

Altho*#h the e)p%!%'"l !ee"!'h on HRM %n U!*#*"y % t%ll &e!y '"nt( %t h" nonethele ,!o*#ht fo!th the e+%ten'e of

e&e!"l !e#*l"!%t%e4 A f%!t $o!thy f%nd%n# !efe! to the "pp"!ent p!o#!e%&e p!ofe%on"l%5"t%on of HRM p!"'t%'e ")on#

)ed%*) "nd l"!#e f%!) th"t too6 pl"'e "lon# the l"t t$o de'"de( the d!%&e! of *'h t!end not ,e%n# yet 'le"!ly %dent%f%ed

.Font( 1232 L","d%e( 1227/4 The hete!o#ene%ty of HRM p!"'t%'e !epo!ted %n Font .1232/ fo! 122; % %n h"!p 'ont!"t to

the %)ple )"n"#e)ent p!of%le- th"t p!e&"%led %n the 32( e&en ")on# the l"!#et 'o)p"n%e( 'h"!"'te!%5ed ,y e)ploye!

e)ployee !el"t%on "%)ed "t ho!t!*n #o"l %nf!e8*ently o,e!&ed fo!)"l yte) of pe!fo!)"n'ee&"l*"t%on "nd

"d)%n%t!"t%&e,*!e"*'!"t%' HR dep"!t)ent .L","d%e( 1227 Rod!#*e5G*tJ et al.( 122>/4

A''o!d%n# to thee t*d%e( the )ot $%dep!e"d p!"'t%'e( ,oth '*!!ently "nd %n the p"t( "!e !el"ted to !e'!*%t)ent "nd

t!"%n%n#( " oppoed to the *e of )onet"!y p!e)%" ,"ed on %nd%&%d*"lte") pe!fo!)"n'e o! oph%t%'"ted pe!fo!)"n'e

e&"l*"t%on yte)4 Ho$e&e!( the p"tte!n d%ffe! ")on# f%!) depend%n# on e&e!"l fe"t*!e( *'h " f")%ly( n"t%on"l o!

'o!po!"te o$ne!h%p %5e "le )"!6et "nd e'ono)%' e'to! $h%le %t "lo depend on the f%!) h"&%n# o! not " HR

dep"!t)ent4 A h%#he! de#!ee of fo!)"l%ty "nd p!ofe%on"l%) of HRM % fo*nd ")on# l"!#e 'o!po!"t%on( nonf")%ly

o$ned f%!) th"t h"&e " fo!)"l HR d%&%%on( ope!"t%n# %n the e!&%'e e'to! "ndo! o!%ented to the %nte!n"t%on"l )"!6et

.Rod!%#*e5G*tJ et al. 122> Font( 1232/4

The !el"t%onh%p ,et$een e'ono)%'o!#"n%5"t%on"l pe!fo!)"n'e "nd HRM h" ,een e+plo!ed ,y Font .1232/ "nd ,y the

"*tho! of th% p"pe! (references available) *%n# t$o d%t%n't )ethodolo#%e4 Me"*!ed " the elf!"n6%n# !el"t%&e to %t

'o)pet%to! %n te!) of p!of%t",%l%ty l",o! p!od*'t%&%ty "nd 8*"l%ty of the p!od*'te!&%'e( f%!) pe!fo!)"n'e % e+")%ned

%n !el"t%on to %nd%&%d*"l HRM p!"'t%'e .!e'!*%t)ent t!"%n%n# pe!fo!)"n'e e&"l*"t%on "nd )onet"!y p"y)ent/4 Font

f*!the! 'on%de! e&e!"l "dd%t%on"l fe"t*!e th"t "!e #!o*ped *%n# f"'to! "n"ly% to ,*%ld %nd%'"to! of ,et p!"'t%'e- "nd

7


8/20

dep%te the #ene!"l 'on'l*%on po%nt "t p!ofe%on"l HRM ,e%n# )"t'hed to "n %)p!o&ed f%!) e'ono)%'o!#"n%5"t%on"l

pe!fo!)"n'e( the fo*! 'onf%#*!"t%on o,t"%ned '"nnot ,e *n"),%#*o*ly o!de!ed %n te!) of ,et p!"'t%'e-( e+'ept fo!

f%!) %n the 'l*te! denoted " lo$p!of%le-4

P!e&%o*ly( L","d%e .1227/ h"d hypothe%5ed th"t the l%n6"#e ,et$een HRM p!"'t%'e "nd pe!fo!)"n'e "!e %nfl*en'ed ,y

the o&e!"ll %nt%t*t%on"l f!")e$o!6 of l",o! !el"t%on "nd p"!t%'*l"!ly ,y the !ole pl"yed ,y HR dep"!t)ent %n !el"t%on to

t!"de *n%on4 The "dd%t%on"l %n%#ht p!o&%ded %n Font .1232/ "lo po%nt %n th"t d%!e't%on $h%le they f*!the! *##et th"t the

t!*'t*!e of ,"!#"%n%n# "nd %t 'ont%n*%ty %n t%)e h"&e "lo " )"=o! %n'%den'e4

141414 HRM "nd Ind*t!%"l !el"t%on %n U!*#*"y

M"=o! %nt%t*t%on"l 'h"n#e h"&e 'h"!"'te!%5ed the %nd*t!%"l !el"t%on yte) %n U!*#*"y4 St"!t%n# %n 3K7 U!*#*"y

*n%8*e yte) of 9"#e Co*n'%l $" !e%nt%t*ted "fte! "l)ot 37 ye"! "lon# $h%'h 'olle't%&e ,"!#"%n%n# $" ",ent #%&en

th"t the 3;> )%l%t"!y 'o*p h"d ,"nned *n%on4 The t!"d%t%on"l yte) ope!"ted )"%nly th!o*#h " yte) of t!%l"te!"l

ne#ot%"t%on *n%on( e)ploye! !ep!eent"t%&e "nd #o&e!n)ent $%th%n $"#e 'o*n'%l ,y %nd*t!y4 M%n%)*) $"#e ,y

=o, '"te#o!y $e!e et th!o*#h 'olle't%&e "#!ee)ent "nd endo!ed ,y the #o&e!n)ent to "ll f%!) $%th%n the e'to!4 The

yte) %)pl%ed th"t fo! )ot SME the le&el "nd t%)%n# of $"#e ett%n# $e!e lo'"ted o*t%de the ,o*nd"!%e of f%!)

de'%%on)"6%n#( ,y the ne#ot%"to! of the l"!#e! 'o)p"n%e th"t $e!e !ep!eented %n the e)ploye! "o'%"t%on .ee

f*!the! det"%l %n C"on% et al 4( 122


9/20

)e),e!h%p %n'!e"ed ",o*t En'*et" de Rel"'%one L",o!"le y P!J't%'" de Re'*!o H*)"no " n%&el de E)p!e"( Un%&e!%d"d ORT U!*#*"y E8*%po

Mo!%( 122;4

9


10/20

D"t" $e!e 'olle'ted *%n# the CRANET 8*et%onn"%!e th!o*#h pe!on"l %nte!&%e$4 po%,le &"l*e %nte"d of 74

The !e*lt%n# %nd%'"to! !efle't the de#!ee of *"#e of 3>2 %nd%&%d*"l HRM p!"'t%'e4 In )"ny '"e( ho$e&e!( the ")e

HRM "'t%&%ty #%&e !%e to fo*! d%ffe!ent %nd%&%d*"l p!"'t%'e( one fo! e"'h type of e)ployee )"n"#e! te'hn%'%"n "nd

p!ofe%on"l "d)%n%t!"t%&e t"ff "nd ,l*e'oll"! $o!6e!4 P!"'t%'e "!e 'l"%f%ed %n ; *,et th"t )"t'h p"!t%'*l"!

d%)en%on of )"n"#e)ent h%!%n# .!e'!*%t)ent o*!'e( ele't%on p!of%le o*#ht( ele't%on )ethod/ t!"%n%n# .$%th

d%ffe!ent #o"l/ pe!fo!)"n'e e&"l*"t%on ."%)ed "t d%t%n't o,=e't%&e/ p"y .$"#e ett%n# )e'h"n%)( !e#*l"! ,enef%t

l%n6ed to d%&e!e "pe't "nd 'ont%n#ent e+t!"o!d%n"!y p!e)%"/ 'o))*n%'"t%on flo$ "nd 'h"nnel .'olle't%&e "ndo!

%nd%&%d*"l( %n&ol&%n# e)ployee %n d%ffe!ent o''*p"t%on "nd !efe!!ed to d%t%n't top%'/ fo!)"l%5"t%ono!#"n%5"t%on"l

'*lt*!e .the e+%ten'e of *n$!%tten$!%tten t"te)ent on e%#ht o!#"n%5"t%on"l "pe't/ "nd o!#"n%5"t%on"l 'h"!"'te!%t%' of

HRM .the e+%ten'e "nd type of HR dep"!t)ent the 8*"l%f%'"t%on "nd !ole of HR )"n"#e! "nd the de#!ee of o*to*!'%n#

of p!"'t%'e/4 P!"'t%'e "!e f*!the! !edef%ned ,y =o%ntly 'on%de!%n# thoe $%th " h"!ed 'h"!"'te! .e4#4( !e'!*%t)ent th!o*#h

"d&e!t%e)ent %n ne$p"pe! o! $e, p"#e( p*,l%' pool o! ")on# *nol%'%ted $o!6e! #%&e !%e to " *n%8*e HRM "'t%&%ty/

"nd "lo ,y %#no!%n# d%ffe!en'e ,y type of $o!6e!4 The def%n%te et %n&ol&e ;3 HRM p!"'t%'e .T",le 3/4

F"'to! An"ly% % pe!fo!)ed o&e! d%ffe!ent et of p!"'t%'e 'ont!oll%n# fo! ")ple de%#n effe't to "&o%d the %nt!od*'t%on

of ,%"e .F"5%o et al.( 122K/4 S%#n%f%'"nt f"'to! .th"t "!e the!efo!e 6ept/ "!e thoe $%th "n "o'%"ted e%#en&"l*e th"t % not

,elo$ 34 Thee f"'to! "!e "fte!$"!d t!"nfo!)ed %nto o!tho#on"l 'ont!*'t *%n# the ?"!%)"+ )ethod47 The *e of the !e

def%ned et of HRM "'t%&%t%e to#ethe! $%th thoe %n#le p!"'t%'e fo! $h%'h the p!e&%o*ly et%)"ted lo"d%n# d%ffe!

<

The CRANET 8*et%onn"%!e h" ,een de&eloped ,y "n %nte!n"t%on"l te") of 'hol"! do%n# !ee"!'h on h*)"n !eo*!'e )"n"#e)ento&e! the p"t 37 ye"! .ee 0!e$te!( M"y!hofe! "nd Mo!ley( 122< fo! det"%l on the 8*et%onn"%!e "nd %t )ethodolo#y/4 The8*et%onn"%!e % t!*'t*!ed $%th e%#hty 'o)po%te 'loedended 8*et%on( e"'h of $h%'h p!eent " n*),e! of opt%on%te)( "tte)pt%n#

to 'o&e! "ll f"'et of HR )"n"#e)ent4 The *n%t of "n"ly% of the 8*et%onn"%!e % the o!#"n%5"t%on "nd the !epondent % the h%#het!"n6%n# 'o!po!"te off%'e! %n 'h"!#e of h*)"n !eo*!'e )"n"#e)ent4 0e%de the !e#*l"! CRANET 8*et%onn"%!e &"l%d"ted %n Sp"n%h( "n"dd%t%on"l )od*le "dded 8*et%on on HRM "nd *n%on p!"'t%'e %n 3122345 Thee "n"lye "!e !epo!ted %n $o!6%n# p"pe! $hoe '%t"t%on % $%thd!"$n to e'*!e the ,l%nd !e&%e$ p!o'e4 They "!e "&"%l",le *pon

!e8*et "nd "&"%l",le on the $e,4 The "n"ly% % f%!t pe!fo!)ed o&e! "ll o!%#%n"l p!"'t%'e .3>2/ "nd 1 %#n%f%'"nt f"'to! "!e %dent%f%edth"t "''o*nt fo! K


11/20

*,t"nt%"lly( le"d to the %dent%f%'"t%on of 37 %#n%f%'"nt 'ont!*'t th"t "''o*nt fo! K


12/20

"pe't !el"te to %t de#!ee of fo!)"l%5"t%on "nd to the e+%ten'e of t"te)ent on 'o!po!"te )%%on( t!"te#y "nd &"l*e4

P!"'t%'e !el"ted to 'o))*n%'"t%on flo$ on o!#"n%5"t%on"l t!"te#y( $o!6 o!#"n%5"t%on "nd f%n"n'%"l !e*lt 'o)ple)ent

e"'h othe! to " d%ffe!ent e+tent depend%n# on $hethe! they %n&ol&e )"n"#e! o! $o!6e! %n othe! o''*p"t%on4 Re#*l"!

,enef%t " "n %)po!t"nt h"!e of $"#e !e#"!dle of the) ,e%n# l%n6ed to en%o!%ty o! to pe!fo!)"n'e .,oth '*!!ent "nd %n

the lon#te!)/ "!e ,*ndled to#ethe! $h%le 'ont%n#ent "nn*"l p!e)%" )"te!%"l%5ed %n ,oth )onet"!y ,on*e "nd f%!) h"!e

.d%ffe!ent%"t%n# )"n"#e! f!o) $o!6e! %n othe! o''*p"t%on/ #%&e !%e to "nothe! 'ont!*'t4

T$o "dd%t%on"l ,*ndle "!e %dent%f%ed "nd !efe! to p"y p!"'t%'e( ,*t the%! theo!et%'"l '"te#o!%5"t%on " t!"te#%' o!

eff%'%en'yo!%ented % *n'le"! .they )"y e&en ,e tho*#ht of " %nte!)ed%"!y/4 One 'onf%#*!"t%on *##et th"t 'olle't%&e

,"!#"%n%n# effe't "!e !e%nfo!'ed $hen *nde!t"6en "t the e'to! le&el "nd $hen ne#ot%"t%on %n&ol&e ,l*e'oll"! "nd

"d)%n%t!"t%&e e)ployee $h%le the othe! 'ont!*'t !efle't the #"%n th"t te) f!o) 'olle't%&e ne#ot%"t%on "t the le&el of

the f%!) ,e%de 'ent!"l%5ed ,"!#"%n%n#4 Unde! the "*)pt%on th"t $"#e et "t the f%!) "!e *ed " " )e"n to p!o)ote

%n'!e"e %n p!od*'t%&%ty ." 'l"%)ed ,y the Eff%'%en'y 9"#e theo!y/( e&en %f done th!o*#h 'olle't%&e ne#ot%"t%on( the

,*ndle )"y ,e 'l"%f%ed " eff%'%en'y o!%ented ."nd $o*ld ,e e+pe'ted to h"&e " ne#"t%&e %)p"'t on p!od*'t%&%ty/4

Ne&e!thele( the 'onf%#*!"t%on )"y "lo ,e "%#ned " t!"te#%' 'h"!"'te! $hene&e! $"#e et "t the f%!) ."nd hen'e ",o&e

the ne#ot%"ted le&el/ "!e *ed " " )e"n to p!o)ote $o!6e!- 'o))%t)ent to the 'o)p"ny4

The !e)"%n%n# f%&e %#n%f%'"nt 'ont!*'t "!e %nte!)ed%"!y %n n"t*!e4 The !e%nfo!'e)ent of e&"l*"t%on "nd t!"%n%n# "%)ed "t

%)p!o&%n# eff%'%en'y "nd 'o))%t)ent le&el "nd the p!efe!en'e fo! "ppl%'"nt $%th " d%&e!%f%ed p!of%le *##et th"t ,oth

HR pol%'%e "nd p!"'t%'e 'o)ple)ent e"'h othe! "ll4 A l"!#e! $e%#ht "%#ned to " h%#h de#!ee of "l%#n)ent of ne$

$o!6e! $%th the o!#"n%5"t%on"l t!"te#y#o"l "nd the l%6el%hood of et",l%h%n# " lon#l"t%n# !el"t%on po%nt( ho$e&e!( "t

"n enh"n'ed !ele&"n'e of t!"te#%' o&e! eff%'%en'y o!%ented p!of%le %n !e'!*%t)ent4

The l"t t$o f"'to! %n&ol&e p!"'t%'e l%n6ed to )o!e th"n one HRM d%)en%on4 A f%!t ,*ndle #"the! o!#"n%5"t%on"l

'h"!"'te!%t%' of HRM .*'h " the e+%ten'e of " HR dep"!t)ent "nd the p"!t%'%p"t%on of HR )"n"#e! %n pol%'y de%#n/(

to#ethe! $%th '%ent%f%' ele't%on )ethod "nd the *e of $!%tten 'o))*n%'"t%on 'h"nnel( p"!t%'*l"!ly on $o!6 o!#"n%5"t%on

$%th non)"n"#e!4 The ,*ndle % th* *##eted to ,e )otly "%)ed "t %)p!o&%n# eff%'%en'y le&el4 The e'ond ,*ndle

%n'l*de the e+%ten'e of 'o))*n%'"t%on flo$ .$!%tten "ndo! *n$!%tten/( the *e of nonp!ofe%on"l !e'!*%t)ent o*!'e

."d&e!t( p*,l%' pool "nd *nol%'%ted "ppl%'"t%on/ "nd ele't%on )ethod .,"ed on pe!on"l !efe!en'e/4 It 'h"!"'te! %

th* l%n6ed to the *e of le p!ofe%on"l%5ed h%!%n# p!"'t%'e 'o),%ned $%th " t!"te#%'"llyo!%ented 'o))*n%'"t%on pol%'y4

12


13/20

The et%)"ted 'onf%#*!"t%on "!e #ene!"lly 'on%tent $%th thoe !epo!ted %n the %nte!n"t%on"l l%te!"t*!e .ee( e4#4(

Goode!h") at al 4( 122K/4 Ho$e&e!( %n the '"e of U!*#*"y eff%'%en'yo!%ented HRM "'t%&%t%e $o*ld 'o)ple)ent e"'h

othe! to " ne#l%#%,le e+tent 'o)p"!ed to the !e%nfo!'%n# %)p"'t th"t te) f!o) the%! %nte!"'t%on $%th 'o))%t)ent!el"ted

"'t%&%t%e "nd "lo to the #"%n "o'%"ted to the 'o),%ned *e of 'oll",o!"t%&e p!"'t%'e4


14/20

eff%'%en'y "nd e+pl%'%t %nd%&%d*"l( te") "nd o&e!"ll #o"l/4 The 'o)po%t%on of the ")ple "''o!d%n# to th% "pe't ho$

th"t "!o*nd B2Q of f%!) h"&e 'o)pet%t%&e "d&"n"t#e th"t o!%#%n"te %n " h%#h HR eff%'%en'y o! 'o))%t)ent to the

o!#"n%5"t%on( $h%le "t the othe! end only 32Q of 'o)p"n%e !oot the%! *''e on %nno&"t%on "'t%&%t%e4

G%&en the def%n%t%on of the dependent &"!%",le( "n o!de!ed lo#%t !e#!e%on )odel % pe'%f%ed "nd et%)"ted ,y F*ll

Info!)"t%on M"+%)*) L%6el%hood 'ont!oll%n# fo! ")ple de%#n effe't4K No d%ffe!en'e %n p!od*'t%&%ty "!e fo*nd "'!o

f%!) "''o!d%n# to the n"t%on"l o! f")%ly o$ne!h%p "nd 'o!po!"te 'h"!"'te! of the o!#"n%5"t%on4 E&en tho*#h no #"%n o!

loe "!e fo*nd "o'%"ted to one pe'%f%' )"=o! o*!'e of 'o)pet%t%&e "d&"n"t#e( the )ot p!od*'t%&e o!#"n%5"t%on "!e

thoe th"t e+h%,%t "d&"nt"#e( "t le"t to " 'e!t"%n e+tent( on "ll d%)en%on4 The *%t",%l%ty of " d%&e!%f%ed o!#"n%5"t%on"l

t!"te#y % 'on%tent $%th the &ol"t%le )"'!oe'ono)%' 'ond%t%on( )"!6et %)pe!fe't%on "nd h%#h *n'e!t"%nty de#!ee th"t

h" h%to!%'"lly 'h"!"'te!%5ed the U!*#*"y"n e'ono)y .T",le >/4

L"!#e%5ed( lo'"l )"!6et o!%ented 'o)p"n%e "nd thoe th"t ope!"te %n 'o))e!'e "!e "lo fo*nd to o*tpe!fo!) )ed%*)(

e+po!t%n# 'o)p"n%e %n the %nd*t!y "nd e!&%'e e'to!4 The %5e 'o)po%t%on of the e'ono)%' e'to!( the e+%ten'e of

e'ono)%e of '"le "nd the e)ph"% on othe! d%)en%on of pe!fo!)"n'e needed to 'o)pete %n fo!e%#n )"!6et "!e )ot

l%6ely e+pl"n"t%on "t the !oot of thee f%nd%n#4 L"tly( p!od*'t%&%ty le&el $o*ld ,e h%#he! ")on# f%!) th"t "!e not *,=e't

to " h%#h *n%on %nfl*en'e th"n othe!$%e $h%le no d%ffe!en'e "!e fo*nd !el"ted to the te)po!"l e&ol*t%on of *'h %nfl*en'e4

The !e*lt )"y ,e tho*#ht " 'on%tent $%th "n "d&e!"!%"l !ole of *n%on4

T",le >4 P!od*'t%&%ty )odel Et%)"ted 'oeff%'%ent fo! 'ont!ol &"!%",le

?"!%",le Coef4

Se'to!: M"n*f"'t*!%n# Cont!*'t%on %nd*t!%e 34

Se'to!:Se!&%'e 14

Co!po!"te n"t*!e 24<

Lo'"l)"!6et o!%ented 342

H%#h *n%on %nfl*en'e "t f%!) 343

In'!e"ed *n%on %nfl*en'e "t f%!) 24<

Co)pet%t%&e "d&"nt"#e "ll 342

Note: !efe! to p2437 p2432 p2427( !epe't%&ely4 The f*ll o*tp*t % "&"%l",le *pon !e8*et4

The )odel % ",le to %dent%fy e&e!"l l%n6"#e ,et$een p!od*'t%&%ty "nd d%&e!e d%)en%on of HR )"n"#e)ent th"t %n&ol&e

,oth '"l'*l"t%&e "nd 'oll",o!"t%&e p!"'t%'e( e%the! %nd%&%d*"lly o! %n ,*ndle .T",le


15/20

th"t "ppl%'"nt h"&e the ne'e"!y 6%ll/4 The ",en'e of %#n%f%'"nt effe't "o'%"ted to )ot h%!%n# p!"'t%'e % 'on%tent

$%th the p!ofe%on"l%5ed 'h"!"'te!%5"t%on of f%!) %n the ")ple $%th !epe't to th% p"!t%'*l"! HRM d%)en%on4 F*!the!( the

po%t%&e %)p"'t "o'%"ted to the p!efe!en'e of " d%&e!%f%ed p!of%le of "ppl%'"nt( $he!e the l"!#et $e%#ht "!e "%#ned to

the %dent%f%'"t%on $%th the o!#"n%5"t%on- %deolo#y "nd to the l%6ely et",l%h)ent of " lon#l"t%n# $o!6 !el"t%on( !e&e"l

th"t f%!) th"t p*t the e)ph"% on the t!"te#%' p!of%le of ne$ $o!6e! $o*ld o*tpe!fo!) the%! 'o)pet%to!4

T",le


16/20

The e&%den'e p!eented *ppo!t the e+%ten'e of 'o)ple)ent"!%t%e ")on# HRM "'t%&%t%e th"t %n&ol&e not only the *e of

" p"!t%'*l"! p!"'t%'e $%th &"!%o* p*!poe "ndo! fo! $o!6e! %n d%&e!e o''*p"t%on( ,*t "lo d%ffe!ent d%)en%on of

)"n"#e)ent4 0*ndled HRM "'t%&%t%e "!e ",le to )"#n%fy the %)p"'t of %n#le HRM p!"'t%'e on the e'ono)%'

pe!fo!)"n'e of U!*#*"y"n f%!) " )e"*!ed th!o*#h the%! 'o)p"!"t%&e le&el of p!od*'t%&%ty4 Ho$e&e!( the %#n%f%'"nt

effe't th"t te) f!o) %n#le HRM p!"'t%'e $o*ld %n p!%n'%ple ,e %n'on%tent $%th " t!%'t %nte!p!et"t%on of the theo!et%'"l

p!ed%'t%on of the 'onf%#*!"t%on"l "pp!o"'h "nd def%n%t%&ely *##et th"t the *n%&e!"l%t%' "pp!o"'h of ,et p!"'t%'e % not

"ppl%'",le4

E&en tho*#h the p!e&"%l%n# p!of%le of )"n"#e)ent %n U!*#*"y % )o!e eff%'%en'y th"n t!"te#y o!%ented "''o!d%n# to the

e+%tent e)p%!%'"l l%te!"t*!e( o*! !e*lt ho$ th"t the%! %)p"'t on pe!fo!)"n'e % #ene!"lly )"te!%"l%5ed only $hen

'o),%ned $%th p!"'t%'e th"t "!e 'o))%t)ent!el"ted4 St!"te#%' HR "'t%&%t%e( %n 'ont!"t( "!e fo*nd to ,e of !ele&"n'e ,y

the)el&e( ,oth %n ,*ndle o! %nd%&%d*"lly4

F*t*!e $o!6 ho*ld %n'l*de %nte!"'t%on "nd 'o)ple)ent"!%t%e $%th o!#"n%5"t%on"l t!"te#y( the%! !epe't%&e %nte!"'t%on

$%th *n%on ,eh"&%o! "nd the%! %)p"'t on p!od*'t%&%ty( " $ell !epl%'"t%n# the "n"lye fo! othe! o!#"n%5"t%on"l pe!fo!)"n'e

)e"*!e 8*"l%ty "nd #!o p!of%t " %nd%'"ted %n F%#*!e 34 P!el%)%n"!y "n"lye %nd%'"te d%ffe!ent effe't4

B . REFERENCES

A!th*!( 4 04 .3>.


17/20

p!od*'t%&%ty-( eview of !conomics and %tatistics K>: /4 %trategy and Human esource Management ( 0"%n#to6e: P"l#!"&e M"')%ll"n4

0!e$te!( C44 .122;/4 A E*!ope"n pe!pe't%&e on HRM-( !uro#ean Journal of International Management 3.>/: 1>174

0!e$te!( C44 .37/4 To$"!d " E*!ope"n- Model of H*)"n Reo*!'e M"n"#e)ent-( Journal of International 'usiness%tudies 1B .3/: 3134

0!e$te!( C4 4 "nd 94 M"y!hofe! .ed4/ .1231/4 Handboo of esearch on om#arative Human esource Management (

Cheltenh"): Ed$"!d El#"! P*,l%h%n# In'4

0!e$te!( C4 4( 94 M"y!hofe! "nd4 M4 Mo!ley .ed4/ .122.7/: K22K1B4

0*dh$"!( P4S4 "nd P4R4 Sp"!!o$ .1221/4 An %nte#!"t%&e f!")e$o!6 fo! *nde!t"nd%n# '!on"t%on"l h*)"n !eo*!'e

)"n"#e)ent p!"'t%'e-( Human esource Management eview 31: >;;4

C"ppell%( P4 "nd D4 Ne*)"!6 .1223/4 Do H%#hPe!fo!)"n'e- 9o!6 P!"'t%'e I)p!o&e Et",l%h)entLe&el O*t'o)e-(

Industrial and abor elations eview 7/4 F%t( E8*%f%n"l%ty( "nd O!#"n%5"t%on"l Effe't%&ene: A Tet of T$o

Conf%#*!"t%on"l Theo!%e-( Academy of Management Journal >B.B/: 33B31724

D!*6e!( 4 "nd G4 9h%te .37/4 0*%ld%n# "nothe! 9o!6%n# St!*'t*!e-( "eo#le Management 3.K/: 111;4

Ed$"!d( R4 C4 .3;/4 ontested Terrain* the Transformation of the -or#lace in the Twentieth entury ( London:

He%ne)"nn4

El&%!"( M4 M4 "nd A4 D"&%l" .1227/4 E)e!#ent D%!e't%on fo! H*)"n Reo*!'e M"n"#e)ent Ree"!'h %n L"t%n A)e!%'"-( International Journal of Human esource Management 3B.31/: 11B711K14

F"!nd"le( E4 "nd 4 P""*$e .122B/4 0et P!"'t%'e &e!* 0et F%t HRM: 9%th%n "nd A'!o MNC Co)p"!%on-( 9o!6%n#

P"pe! %n H*)"n Reo*!'e M"n"#e)ent 3;4

Fo),!*n( C4 4( N4 M4( T%'hy "nd M4 A4 De&"nn" .3K


18/20

*np*,l%hed the%( Un%&e!%d"d ORT( U!*#*"y4

Fo$le! !4( F44 .122/4 %urvey esearch Methods( Tho*"nd O"6: SAGE P*,l%'"t%on( In'4

G"l%"( F4 .122B/4 In'ent%&e( Co)peten'%e "nd @no$led#e: E&%den'e f!o) F!"n'e "nd Theo!et%'"l Inte#!"t%on-( p"pe!

p!eented "t the $o!6hop Mot%&"t%on "nd In'ent%&e: '!e"t%n# "nd h"!%n# 6no$led#e %n o!#"n%"t%on"l 'onte+t-(

M"!'h >2>3( L%,on( Po!t*#"l4

Ge!h"!t( 04 .122;"/4 Ho!%5ont"l "nd ?e!t%'"l F%t %n H*)"n Reo*!'e Syte)-4 In C4 Ot!off "nd T4 *d#e .ed4/4

"ers#ectives on 3rgani4ational 5it 4 Ne$ Yo!6: L"$!en'e E!l,"*) Ao'%"te P*,l%he!4Ge!h"!t( 04 .122;,/4 Model%n# HRM "nd Pe!fo!)"n'e L%n6"#e-4 In P4 0o+"ll( 4 P*!'ell( "nd P4 9!%#ht .ed4/( The

36ford Handboo of Human esource Management 4 O+fo!d: O+fo!d Un%&4 P!e4

Ge!h"!t( 04 .1227/4 H*)"n Reo*!'e "nd 0*%ne Pe!fo!)"n'e: F%nd%n#( Un"n$e!ed *et%on ( "nd "n Alte!n"t%&e

App!o"'h-( Management evue 3B .1/: 3;.B/: 3B13;314

G%ll( C4 .122/4 Un%on I)p"'t on the Effe't%&e Adopt%on of H%#h Pe!fo!)"n'e 9o!6 P!"'t%'e-( Human esource

Management eview 3.3/: >724

God"!d( 4 .122/4 Int%t*t%on"l En&%!on)ent( 9o!6 "nd H*)"n Reo*!'e P!"'t%'e( "nd Un%on: C"n"d" &e!* En#l"nd-(

Industrial 7 abor elations eview B1.1/: 3;>34

God"!d( 4 .122


19/20

Management 3.21/: 333>


20/20

Append%+: F"'to! An"ly% !e*lt

F"'to! E%#4 Q ?4 Lo"d4 E%#4 Q ?4 Lo"d4

C"l'*l"t%&e 0*ndle ;4>Q

Re'!*%t)ent: Inte!n"l to the f%!) 34< >43Q Re'!*%t)ent: 9o!d of )o*th 34K

F*t*!eo!%ented 2471 Go"l: p!o)ot%on 24KP!o&en e+pe!%en'e 24

model 3 dehrm (colombo)

Documents