modals and semi modals
DESCRIPTION
Modals and Semi Modals. What are They ?. may/ might. could. should. can. must. have to. be able to . modals و semi modals هي أفعال مساعدة تغير معنى الفعل الرئيسي. What is special about them? . How?. 1. Modal verbs are always followed by a verb in its base form . EXAMPLES : - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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can
couldmay/ might
must
should
have to be able to
modals وsemi modals الرئيسي الفعل معنى تغير مساعدة أفعال هي
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1. Modal verbs are always followed by a verb in its base formbase form.
EXAMPLES:
I can speakspeak Italian. He can speak Italian.
Compare: I speak Italian. He speaksspeaks Italian.
(NOT- He can to speak…) , األساسية بصيغته الفعل يأتي األفعال هذه بعد
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2. Modal verbs do not take "-s" in the third person in the present simple.
EXAMPLES:
He speaksspeaks Italian. He can speakspeak Italian. (NOT- He cans
speak…)
HowHow??
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3. We use "not" to make modal verbs negative, even in Simple Present and Simple Past. (We don’t use the helping verb “do”)
EXAMPLES:They might not comecome to the party.
Compare: They don’t come to the party.
Not: They don’t might comecome to the party.أل أفعال نفي المساعد notنستعمل modalsعند الفعل وليس
do
HowHow??
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Many modal verbs cannot be used in all of the English tenses. That's why we need to know their meaning and the substitute for these modal verbs.
ال أفعال استعXمال نستطيع في modalsالبحاجة . نحن لذا االنجليزية باللغة األزمنة جميع
... معناها لمعرفة
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We use these modals to express: General ability/ disability - قدرة
I cancan walk.
= I have the general ability to do the action of walking.
I can’tcan’t hear you, it is too noisy.
=I don’t have the ability to hear what you are saying because of the noise.
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Possibility/ impossibility – إمكانية عرض
I have some free time. I cancan help her now. =I have the opportunity to help her.
I can'tcan't help her now because I don't have any time. =I don’t have the opportunity to help her.
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Request اإلذن - طلب
Can I use your pen?
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In the past, can changes to could.
He couldcould speak only Arabic when he was a kid. He couldncouldn’’tt speak to his neighbor who speaks only English.
(General ability)
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Polite request - مؤدب طلب
Could you open the window?
Practice time-can/couldAlnajah Junior High School
Possibility– Possibility– احتمال احتمال ذكر ذكر We may may come on time, but if you miss the
bus, we mightmight be late. =I plan to come on time and this is why I I want to catch
the 7:15 bus.
If I catch the 7:30 bus, I can come on time or not, I’m not sure.
If you advertise on the Internet you mightmight get a lot of spam to your e-mail box.=Although you don’t want to get spam, there’s a risk that
you will get it.Alnajah Junior High School
Get Permission – Get Permission – اإلذن اإلذن طلب طلب
MayMay I come to visit you at 5 o’clock? =I want to come to you but I’m not sure that you want me
to come/that you will be at home/that you will let me enter .
You maymay take only one candy. =Although there are more candies, I permit you to take
only one of them!
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* advice – النصيحة طلبIf you want to be a champion you shouldshould practice every day.
=You don’t have to practice but then, you will not get better.
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Must – very strong advice/ obligation ذكراللزوم أو الواجب
She is sick. She has high fever. She mustmust take a pill.= very strong advice/ obligation
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Mustn't – things you're not allowed to do.ممنوع
You mustnmustn’’tt ride your bike without a helmet!= you're not allowed to do.(ممنوع)
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= it is necessary=shows obligation and giving advice.
اللزوم أو الواجب ذكر
have to/has to –in the present/near future
had to –in the past
will have to –in the future
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I have tohave to clean my room. (My mother forces me to do it.)
She has tohas to finish the test before the bell rings.
(After the bell rings, you can’t go on answering the questions.)
He had tohad to take radiation therapy for his disease.
(…to get well.) At the end of the 9th grade we will have to will have to
leave our school.(…and go to high school.)
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Don't have to / Doesn't have to = it isn't necessary
You don’t have to do this work.
Practice time-have/has to
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Present: am/ is/ are
Past: was/ were
Future: will be able to
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‘be able to’ shows an ability.
, الماضي الحاضر بصيغة القدرة أو اإلمكانية ذكرالمستقبل أو
-I don’t know when I will be ready. I will be will be able toable to give you an answer later.
-Is he able toable to do it? Yes, he knows how to do it and has time to do it.
(=CanCan he do it?)
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http://www.english-zone.com/spelling/cont-02.html
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Exercise on modal verbs and their substitutes
Exercise - modal verb or substitute
Exercise on 'must not' and 'need not' (for soccer fans)
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-1/
exercise-english-476.php
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-1/
exercise-english-443.php
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/auxiliary-verbs/
exercises
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