mobilné systémy 3. generácie umts -...
TRANSCRIPT
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Prehľad prednášok• UMTS
• HSDPA, EUL
• HSPA evolution
• LTE
• LTE-Advanced
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Nasadené technológie• GSM worldwide (~ 720 networks)
– EDGE almost worldwide (~ 300 networks)
• UMTS (~ 300 networks)– HSDPA (~ 290 networks)– EUL (~ 90 networks)
• CDMA2000 (~ 250 networks)– EV-DO Rel.0 (~ 90 networks)– EV-DO Rev.A (~ 10 networks)
• FLASH-OFDM– USA, Slovakia
• Mobile WiMAX– South Korea (WiBro)– Sprint (2008)
IEEE 802.16
proprietary
3GPP2
3GPP
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Dnešné možnosti• GSM/GPRS/EDGE
– mainly voice oriented service– downlink up to 300 kbps– uplink up to 200 kbps
• UMTS/HSDPA/EUL– higher voice capacity– UMTS DL/UL 384 kbps– HSDPA up to 28 Mbps– EUL up to 5,8 Mbps
• FLASH-OFDM– pure IP architecture– DL up to 5,3 Mbps– UL up to 1,8 Mbps
• CDMA2000 EV-DO– packet services only– DL up to 3,1 Mbps– UL up to 1,8 Mbps
• WiBro / Mobile WiMAX– packet services only– DL up to 3 / 10 Mbps– UL up to 1,2 / 2,5 Mbps
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Prečo UMTS?
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Prečo UMTS?
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Prečo UMTS?
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Evolúcia štandardov
GSM GPRS EDGE UMTS HSDPA EUL LTE
IS-95 CDMA2000 EV-DO rel.0 UMBEV-DO rev.A
FLASH-OFDM
802.16a (WiMAX) 802.16e (Mobile WiMAX)
3GPP
3GPP2
IEEE
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Evolúcia štandardov
GSM GPRS EDGE UMTS HSDPA EUL LTE
EDGE EvoVoice evo
HSPA+
LTE-Advanced
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IMT-2000
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3GPP
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3GPP spec. list
www.3gpp.org
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Architektúra
RNC
MSC
HLR VLR AuC EIR
GMSC PSTN
RNC
SGSN
GGSN
Internet
IuB
Iur
IuCS
IuPS
UTRAN
Node B
UEMS
Node BBTSRNCBSC
UMTSGSM
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Roadmap
Rel.99/4 Rel.5 Rel.6 Rel.7
HSPA+WCDMA HSPA+EULHSDPA
Rel.8
Latency (ms)
14
5.8
~50
42
12
~30
28
12
~30
14.4
0.384
~75
0.384
0.384
~150
UL Mbit/s
DL Mbit/s
HSPA+
Rel.9
168
24
~30
3GPP releases
MIMO, 64QAM,16QAM UL DC Comb
LTE
QPSK 16QAM multicode
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3G – voice or data?Relative Network Load – RNC level
1
5
11
3
7
9
13
15
62843628466284962
Jan07
Mar07
May07
Jul07
Sep07
Nov07
Jan08
Mar08
May08
July08
Sep08
Nov08
Jan09
Packet data
Voice
Data is surpassing voice on 3G since 2 years
128 HSDPA networks50% at 3,6 Mbps
marginal 7,2 Mbps share310 HSDPA devices
221 HSPA networks> 30% at 7,2 Mbps55 EUL networks
800 HSPA devices
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Rádiová prístupová sieť- UTRAN
• Komponenty– Node B– RNC
• Multiplexná technika– CDMA
• Duplexný mód– FDD– TDD
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Funkcie Node B• Air interface Transmission / Reception• Modulation / Demodulation• CDMA Physical Channel coding• Micro Diversity (Soft Handover)• Error Handling• Closed loop power control
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Funkcie RNC• Radio Resource Control• Admission Control• Channel Allocation• Power Control Settings• Handover Control• Macro Diversity (Soft Handover)• Ciphering• Segmentation / Reassembly• Broadcast Signaling• Open Loop Power Control
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Duplexný mód• Frequency division duplex
+ symetric traffic (e.g. voice)+ higher average power
=> less Node Bs- higher complexity (HW)- channel measurements must be reported
• Time division duplex+ asymetric traffic (data)+ channel measurements are precise
- lower average power- strict synchronization needed- higher delays
FDD TDD
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CDMA• Interference limited system• Sequences selection is crucial• Power control needed• Soft handover possible
• 5 MHz channel• 3,84 Mchip/s
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Soft handover
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Importance of Soft Handover
• Graphs show probability of excessive interference in neighbouring cell
• Active set size of 4 was agreed as mandatory for UEs
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Why power control?• NEAR – FAR effect
– High interference between users & cell breathing
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Power control
Choose throughput
Evaluate radio conditions
Required cell power
• Circuit switched services are guaranteed• Packet switched services are best effort
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Power control• Open loop
– initial access to the network
• Closed loop– INNER loop
• Guarantee link quality (keep desired SIR)• 1500 times per second (Hz)
– OUTER loop• Minimize transmit power by setting SIR target for inner loop• Estimate SIR target based on BLER
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Air interface protocol model
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Channel concept
what type of data
how and with which type of characteristics
define the exact physical characteristics
BCCH, PCCH, DCCH, CCCH,DTCH, CTCH, …
BCH, PCH, RACH, FACH,DSCH, HS-DSCH, DCH, …
SCH, CPICH, PDSCH, HS-PDSCH,DPDCH, DPCCH, PRACH, …
new for UMTS, not in GSM/GPRS
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Logical channels• Control channels
– Common (P2M)– Dedicated (P2P)
• Traffic channels– Common– Dedicated
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Transport channels• Common channels
• Dedicated channel– DCH (UL & DL)
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Physical channels• Synchronization• Pilot• Paging• Dedicated Physical Data Channel• Dedicated Physical Control Channel• High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel• …
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Channels
downlink
uplink
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Channel structure - UL
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Channel structure - UL
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Channel structure - DL
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Channel structure - DL
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Fyzická vrstva - DL
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Channel Coding
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Fyzická vrstva - DL
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Spreading - UL
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Modulation - UL
( )( ) ( )
⎟⎟
⎠
⎞
⎜⎜
⎝
⎛⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛++⎟⎟
⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−
=20
41
1cos41sin
CC
CCC
Tt
Tt
Tt
Tt
Tt
tRC
απ
απααπ
root-raised cosine (RRC) with roll-off α =0.22
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RRCF impulse response
6 4 2 0 2 40.4
0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0
1
RRCF t( )
1− 1
t
normalized Tc = 1 (Tc = 26,042 μs)
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Spreading - DL
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Modulation - DL
( )( ) ( )
⎟⎟
⎠
⎞
⎜⎜
⎝
⎛⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛++⎟⎟
⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−
=20
41
1cos41sin
CC
CCC
Tt
Tt
Tt
Tt
Tt
tRC
απ
απααπ
root-raised cosine (RRC) with roll-off α =0.22
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Codes
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OVSF
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Scrambling codes - UL(long code)
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Scrambling - DL
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Spreading & scrambling
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Received signal
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Detection
I = number of fingers of RAKE receiver
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Measurements
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Limiting factors• Downlink is power limited
• Uplink is interference limited
Common channels
Dedicated channels
max Node B power
Intercell interference
Intracell interference
max noise level
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Power dynamics
Pnom
PCCH
100 ms
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Services & RABs
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Services & RABs• New service: Video Call
64/128/384PS Best Effort57CS Streaming64CS video call
12,2CS voiceRate [kbps]RAB type