mnemonic for emergency meds

7/29/2019 Mnemonic for Emergency Meds

1/16

MNEMONIC FOR EMERGENCY MEDS

Acute Rheumatic Fever:

There are several for the major criteria, I use "JONES"

J - Joints

O - Obvious (cardiac) - sorry, I know this is kinda weak

N - Nodules (subcutaneous nodules)

E - Erythema marginatum

S - Syndeham's Chorea

Ossification centers of the elbow:

There are two that I know of (most people use "CRITOE"):

C - Capitellum

R - Radial head

I - Internal (medial epicondyle)

T - Trochlea

O - Olecranon

E - External (lateral epicondyle)

These appear at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 years of age in order and go away two years later.

The other mnemonic I know for the ossification centers is "Come Rub My Tree Of Love" where

the "M" is medial epicondyle and the "L" is the lateral epicondyle.

Rat Poisons:

"RATS PANIC" I'm sure that you'll easily remember this one!

R - Red squill

A - Arsenicals

T - Thallium

S - Strychnine

P - PNU/Phosphorus/zn Phosphide

A - Alpha naphtha thiurea (ANTU)

N - Norbormide

I - Indanediones

C - Coumadin/cholcalciferol


2/16

From: Jack Snyder, MD, JD via EM News

Causes of ST Elevation:

"ELEVATION"

E - Electrolytes

L - LBBB

E - Early Repolarization

V - Ventricular hypertrophy

A - Aneurysm

T - Treatment - Pericardiocentesis

I - Injury (AMI, contusion)

O - Osborne waves (hypothermia)

N - Non-occlusive vasospasm

Altered Mental Status:

"AEIOU TIPS"

A - Alcohol/drugs

E - Endocrine

I - Insulin

O - Opiates

U - Uremia

T - Toxins/trauma

I - Infections

P - Psych/porhyria

S - SAH, shock, stroke, seizure, space occupying lesion

Non-Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema:

"PONS"

P - Phosgene, paraquat, phenothiazines

O - Opioids/organophosphates

N - Nitrous dioxide

S - Salicylates


3/16

Anion Gap Acidosis:

"Mudpiles"

M - Methanol

U - UremiaD - DKA/AKA

P - Paraldehyde/phenformin

I - Iron/INH

L - Lactic acidosis

E - Ethylene glycol

S - Salicylates

Normal Gap Acidosis:

"HARDUP"

H - Hyperalimentation/hyperventilation

A - Acetazolamide

R - RTA

D - Diarrhea

U - Ureteral diversion

P - Pancreatic fistula/parenteral saline

Osmolar Gaps:

"ME DIE"

M - Methanol

E - Ethanol

D - Diuretics (mannitol, sorbitol, glycerol)

I - Isopropanol

E - Ethylene glycol

Cholinergic OD:

"SLUDGE"

S - Salivation

L - Lacrimation


4/16

U - Urination

D - Diarrhea

G - Gastric upset

E - Emesis

or, alternatively:

"Dumbbels"

D - Diarrhea

U - Urination

M - Miosis/muscle weakness

B - Bronchorrea

B - Bradycardia

E - Emesis

L - Lacrimation

S - Salivation/ sweating

Anticholinergic OD:

Not really a mnemonic:

Blind as a bat

Dry as a bone

Red as a beet

Mad as a hatterHot as a hare

and: mydriasis, absent BS, urinary retention

Concretions:

"Big Mess"

B - Barbituates

I - Iron

G - Glutethemide

M - Meprobamate

E - Extended release theophylline

SS - Salicylates


5/16

Radiopaque Ingestants:

"Chipes"

C - Cocaine condoms/ chloral hydrate/ calcium

H - Heavy metalsI - Iron/ iodides

P - Psychotropics (TCA, phenothiazines)

E - Enteric coated/BA

S - Solvents (CCl4)

Suicide Risk Factors:

"Sad Persons"

S - Sex (male)

A - Age (young/elderly)

D - Depression

P - Previous attempts

E - ETOH

R - Reality testing

S - Social support

O - Organized plan

N - No spouse

S - Sickness

0 - 2 = home with f/u

3 - 4 = close f/u, +/- hosp

5 - 6 = ++ hosp, +/- f/u

7 - 10 = +++ hosp/commit

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura:

"JARS"

J - Joints

A - Abdominal pain

R - Renal

S - Skin


6/16

Wrist Bones:

"Never Loosen Tillies Pants, Mother Might Come Home"

Proximal row:

N - NavicularL - Lunate

T - Triquetrium

P - Pisiform

Distal row:

M - greater Multiangular (trapezium)

M - lesser Multiangular (trapezoid)

C - Capitate

H - Hamate

Also: "Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can't Handle"

Rotator Cuff Muscles:

"SITS"

S - Supraspinatus

I - Infraspinatus

T - Teres minor

S - Subscapularis

The Salter Classification:

"SALTR"

S - Slip of physis

A - Above physis

L - Lower than physis

T - Through physis

R - Rammed physis

Anterior Mediastinal Mass:

"4 T's"


7/16

T - Thymoma

T - Teratoma

T - Thyroid tumor/goiter

T - Terrible lymphoma

Middle Mediastinal Mass:

"Habit5"

H - Hhernia, hematoma

A - Aneurysm

B - Bronchogenic cyst/duplication cyst

I - Inflammation (sarcoid, histo, coccidio, TB)

T5 - Tumors (lung, lymphoma, leukemia, leiomyoma, lymph node hyperplasia)

Bilateral Hilar Adenopathy:

"Please Helen Lick My Popsicle Stick"

P - Primary TB

H - Histoplasmosis

L - Lymphoma

M - Metastases

P - Pneumoconiosis

S - Sarcoidosis

Small Bowel Obstruction:

"SHAVIT"

S - Stone (gallstone ileus)

H - Hernia

A - Adhesions

V - Volvulus

I - Intussusception

T - Tumor

Hypercalcemia:

"SHAMPOO DIRT"


8/16

S - Sarcoidosis

H - Hyperparathypoidism, Hyperthyroidism

A - Alkali-milk syndrome

M - Metastases, myeloma

P - Paget disease

O - Osteogenesis imperfectaO - Osteoporosis

D - Vitamin intoxication

I - Immobility

R - RTA

T - Thiazides

Tumors that go to bone:

"Kinds Of Tumors Leaping Primarily To Bone"

K - Kidney

O - Ovarian

T - Testicular

L - Lung

P - Prostate

T - Thyroid

B - Breast

Submitted by Frank Birinyi, M.D.

Syncope:

"HEAD, HEART and VESS'LS"

H - hypoglycemia hypoxia

E - epilepsy

A - anxiety [the "swoon"]

D - dysfunction of brain stem [i.e. brain stem TIA]

H - heart attack

E - embolism of pulmonary artery

A - aortic obstruction [ Aortic stenosis, myxoma, IHSS ]

R - rhythm disturbance

T - tachycardia esp VT


9/16

V - vasovagal

E - ectopic i.e. hemorrhage obvious or not

S - situational [micturation, defecation...]

S - subclavial steal

L - low SVR [eg: anaphalaxis]

S - sensitive carotid sinus

Submitted by Bill Young, M.D.

Endocarditis:

"FAME"

F - FEVER

A - ANEMIA

M - MURMUR =

E - ENDOCARDITIS

Submitted by Tag Filley, M.D.

Eosinophilia:

"NAACP"

N - Neoplasm

A - Allergy

A - Addison's

C - Cirrhosis, CVD

P - Parasite (visceral larva migrans), Periarteritis nodosa


Asystole:

"3 Hypo's &;3 Hyper's"

Hypoxia

Hypothermia

Hypokalemia


10/16

Hyperkalemia

Hyper H+ (Acidosis)

Hyper Rx (Drugs/OD)


Causes of PEA

"Hey, Hey, Hey! THAT's EMD!"

H-hypovolemia

H-hypoxia

H-hypothermia

T-tamponade (cardiac)

H-hyperkalemia

A-acidosis

T-tension pneumothorax

s

E-embolism (pulmonary)

M-myocardial infarction

D-drug overdose

Submitted by Stephanee Woods

Depression:

"SIGECAPS"

S Sleep (increases/decreases)

I Interest/Hobbies decrease

G Guilt/Worthlessness

E Energy decreases

C Concentration decreases

A Appetite (increases/decreases)

P Phychomotor movements

S Suicidal ideations



11/16

Hypoglycemia:

"Reexplain"

R - renal failure

EX - exogenousP - pituitary

L - liver failure

A - alcohol

I- insulinoma/infection

N - neoplasm

Kawasaki's:

"scream fever"

S - sausage fingers

C - conjunctival redness

R - rash

E - extremity involvement

A - adenopathy

M - mucosal erythema

FEVER - fever

Compartment Syndrome:

"6 p's"

pulselessness

pain

pallor

parasthesia

poikiolothermia

paralysis

Drugs that can go into an ET tube:

"lane"

L - lidocaine

A - atropine


12/16

N - naloxone

E - epi

Some like NAVEL, which includes Valium. Others have commented that valium should not go in

an ET tube.

History taking in EMS:

"sample"

S - signs/symptoms

A - allergies

M - medications

P - past medical history

L - last oral intake

E - events leading to injury or illness

submitted by [email protected]

Level of consciousness:

"avpu"

A - alert

V - resonds to verbal stimuli

P - responds to painful stimuliU - unconscious


Pain scale:

"OPQRST"

O - onset

P - provocation

Q - quality

R - radiation

S - severity

T - time


Pain Scale (Revisited)


13/16

PQRSTAPPP

P - palliates/provokes

Q - quality

R - region/radiation

S - severity (on a 1-10 scale)T - timing (onset, frequency, duration)

A - associated symptoms

P - prior

P - persists

P - progression (stable, better, worse)

Submitted by Omar A. Blanco

More on Pain Evaluation

LOCI" (Latin for places) and the "Daughters of the American Revolution"

L - Location

O- Onset

C- Character

I- Intensity

D- Duration

A- Aggravation

A- Alleviation

A - Association

R - Radiation

Submitted by John Loraditch M.D.

One More Pain Mnemonic

P - period of pain

A - area of pain

I - intensity of pain

N - nullify ( what makes pain go away, if any)

Submitted by Greg Van Hook

Steps for KED application:

"My Baby Looks Hot Tonight."


14/16

M stands for middle strap

B stands for bottom strap

L stands for Legs

H stands for head

T stands for top strap


Microcytic Anemia:

"TICS"-

Thallasemia

Iron deficiency

Chronic disease

Sideroblastic anemia

Submitted by Jeff Rodgerson M.D.

HCMC Medical Center

Criteria for Lupus

SOAP BRAIN MD

Serositis (pleuritis, pericarditis)Oral Ulcers

Arthritis

Photosensitivity

Blood (all are low - anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)

Renal (protein)

ANA

Immunologic (DS DNA etc.)

Neurologic (psyc, seizures)

Submitted by Mike Ritter, MD FAAEM, San Diego, CA

Non-GI Causes of Vomiting

ABC's of Non- GI causes of vomiting


15/16

Acute renal failure

Brain (Increased ICP)

Cardiac (Inferior MI)

DKA

Ears (labyrinthitis)

Foreign substances (Tylenol, theo, etc)Glaucoma

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Infections (pyelonephritis, meningitis)

Submitted by : Mike Ritter, MD FAAEM, San Diego, CA

Causes of Pancreatitis

BAD SHIT

Black scorpion bite

Alcohol

Drugs (tetracycline, azothioprin, sulfa)

Stones (gallstones)

Hyperlipidemia

Idiopathic

Trauma

Submitted by : Mike Ritter, MD FAAEM, San Diego, CA

Shortness of Breath

HAPISOCS

H: History of any pulmonary disease

A: Activity at onset

P: Pain upon inspiration

I: Infections fever/chills

S: Smoker years/packs

O: Orthopnea

C: Cough (Persistent)

S: Sputum Productive/color

Submitted by [email protected]


16/16

Organisms that Spread from Blood to Urine

CASH CML

C - candidaA - aureus staph

S - salmonella

H - histoplasma

C - cytomegalo virus

M - mycobacteria

L - leptospira

Submitted by Ousama Dabbagh M.D

Vertebral/Basilar Ischemia

4Ds

dizziness (nystagmus)

diplopia (skew deviation)

dysarthria

dysphagia

Submitted by: Ronald H. Miller, OD, The Ohio State University

mnemonic for emergency meds

Documents