mla referencing and citations powerpoint guide

MLA REFERENCING AND CITATIONS POWERPOINT

GUIDE

MLA Referencing and Citations

• You need to use referencing and citations when:

• 1 – You use a quotation• 2 – You use an idea that is not your own• 3 – When you use a statistic


• You do not need to reference and cite:• 1 – General knowledge (ie. The Declaration of

Independence was written in 1776)• 2 – Common ideas that can be found in more

than three well known books (ie. Plato is a rationalist)


• There are different manners in which to reference and cite.

• Three of the most common are:- MLA Style- Chicago Style- APA Style

MLA and Chicago are usually used for the humanities (history, philosophy)

APA is usually used for the sciencesThis guide covers MLA


• When you use a quotation, idea or statistic that is not your own you need to:

• Place the author’s name and the page number, from where you found the information, in brackets directly following the quotation, idea or statistic.

• List the book in the bibliography/works cited list.

MLA In-Text Citations

• In-Text citations should appear in brackets directly after the sentence that contains the information that needs to be referenced.

• Quotations should appear in-text if under 25 words and should be indented, single spaced and separated by a blank line if over 25 words.


There is clear indication that Plato does not believe

his society could actually exist:

Do you suppose that what we say is any less good on account of our not being able to prove that it is possible to found a city the same as the one in speech. (Plato 472)

This demonstrates that the society introduced in The

Republic is a philosophic exercise as opposed to an actual

plan.


It was the Sophist’s notion of moral relativity that inspired Socrates.

Protagoras’ declaration that, “Man is the measure of all things”

displayed a lack of understanding, or caring, for any higher truths.

(Gaarder 62) Thus, Socrates, had to teach the Athenians that there

were matters more important than the individual, and that a

universal ethics existed.


Although Jefferson displayed progressive ideas,

he would not release his slaves. The reason was

a practical one, money. (Johnson 336) Jefferson

was constantly in debt, mostly to London banking

houses.


In the years 1997 – 1999 Nike spent 85% of their operating budget on advertisement as opposed to 10% of their budget on wages and salaries. (Klein 76) This statistic illuminates how care for brands has become more important than care for people.

MLA Bibliography or Works Cited List

• Information in in-text citations must correspond to information in the bibliography or works cited list.

• A teacher must be able to link an in-text citation to the work in the bibliography or works cited list.

• A bibliography or works cited list should appear at the end of an essay, with an underlined title.

• Works in the bibliography or works cited list must be compiled alphabetically, by author, and if no author, then by title.

• All in-text citations must have a corresponding reference in the bibliography or works cited list.


• Book with one author:

Diamond, Jared. Guns, Germs and Steel. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1997.


• Book with two authors:Johnson, Paul and Anthony, James. A History of

the Jewish People. New York: Harper and Collins, 1991.


• Book with three authors or more:Jackson, Steven, et al. The New America.

Boston: Harvard University Press, 1983.


• Book with an author (translated):Plato. The Republic of Plato. Trans. Allan

Bloom. The United States: Basic Books, 1968.


• An edition of a book:Crowley, Sharon. Ancient History for Modern

Students. 3rd ed. New York: Pearson and Longman, 2006.


• A work prepared by an editor:Bronte, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. Ed. Margaret

Smith. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.


• An essay or chapter from a book:Klein, Naomi. “The Anti-Globalization

Movement.” Globalization in Focus. Ed. Michael Lewis. Toronto: McGraw Hill, 2002.


• Article from a magazine:Buchanan, Phillip. “Censorship: A Modern

Necessity.” Time. December 2005: p. 24 – 27


• Article from a newspaper:Bielski, Zosia. “The Homeless in Toronto.” The

National Post. 24 May 2004. E4.


• Article from a newspaper taken off the web:Stolley, Karl. “Grits Not Tough Enough.” The

Toronto Star. 10 May 2006. <http://thetorontostar.ca/gritsnot/may/politics/nes>


• Article from a website:Mayer, Mason. “Hannah Arendt.” The Internet

Encyclopaedia of Philosophy. 4 May 2002. The University of Tennessee. 30 November 2008. <http://iep.utm.edu/arendt>


• Webpage with no author:“Statistics Canada: Ontario.” Statistics Canada.

10 June 2005. Government of Canada. 12 September 2008. <http://gov.stat.ca/ontario/pop/eth>


• Film or movie:Tarantino, Quinton. Pulp Fiction. 1994.

Twentieth Century Fox.


• Television Show or Radio Broadcast:“They Saved Lisa’s Brain.” The Simpsons.

Twentieth Century Fox. 1999.

mla referencing and citations powerpoint guide

Documents

mla bibliography

cited list

mla referencing

text citationsthere

citations powerpoint

common ideas

corresponding reference

philosophy apa