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MLA Citations. Writing Center Endicott College By Nicole LeLacheur. In-Text Citations: The Basics. Parenthetical Citation. MLA uses the Author-Page Style…. The author’s last name and page number where the quote or paraphrase is taken must be shown within your paper. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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MLA Citations

Writing CenterEndicott CollegeBy Nicole LeLacheur

MLA CitationsIn-Text Citations: The BasicsParenthetical CitationMLA uses the Author-Page StyleThe authors last name and page number where the quote or paraphrase is taken must be shown within your paper.

The authors name may appearIn the sentence itselfOR in parentheses at the end of the quote or paraphrase

The page number(s) shouldAlways appear in the in the parenthesesNOT the text of your sentence.

Heres a basic exampleJohnson suggested that the sky is always blue (23).

Notice the period is placed OUTSIDE of the parentheses. Basic example continuedThe sky is always blue (Johnson 23).

Johnson explored the color of the sky and its consistency of that color (23). (23) and (Johnson 23) Tells the reader that the facts stated in your sentence can be found on page 23 of a work by an author with the last name JohnsonExample of In-Text citation for Print Sources with a Known AuthorIt has been suggested by John Smith that the grass is green (6).

Notice the name of the so the page # author is stated in the sentence... is at the endExample of In-Text Citation for Print Sources without a Known AuthorIt has been suggested that most animals have fur (Animal Facts 3).

Instead of the authors last name, put the title of the book in quotations followed by the page number

In-Text Citations for Works with More Than One EditionSometimes works have more than one editionThis means you must give more information in your citations

Heres an exampleBrown stated that clouds are grey when it rains (56; ch. 2).

Authors last namePage # followed by a semicolonstated in sentencethen the abbreviation for edition in this case chapter (ch.)

If authors have the same last nameProvide both authors first initialsIf they have the same first initialProvide the entire first nameHeres a basic exampleIt has been noted that roses are red (A. Black 16), but others have stated that roses can also be white (L. Black 3).

Notice the first initial is followed by a periodIn-Text Citations with Multiple AuthorsFor a source with THREE or less authors, list their last names in the sentence or at the end in parenthesesRemember, page number should always be at the endHeres a couple basic examplesSmith, Johnson, and Brown stated that fresh snow is white (3).

The authors suggest that fresh snow is always white (Smith, Johnson, and Brown 3).

Notice you write out the word and

More than three authorsUse the works bibliographical information as a guideProvide authors last name followed by et al. or list all the last namesHeres a few basic examplesCohen et al. argue Smith, Johnson, and Browns statements by showing that snow can sometimes be off-white (3).

Theorists disagree with Smith, Johnson, and Browns argument by stating that snow can be off-white sometimes (3).

Cohen, Moore, James, and Bell argue Smith, Johnson, and Browns statement that snow is always white (3).Multiple Works by the Same AuthorInclude a shortened title for the work you are citingShort titles of books in italicsShort titles of articles in quotation marks

Heres a basic exampleCiting two articlesFrederick argues that wood is from trees (Wood Facts 45), but he has also stated that some wood is from artificial materials (Wood for Dummies 22).

Citing two booksFrederick stated that wood is a good material to build with (Wood in Words 11). He also believes that there are other materials you can build with, like steel (The World of Wood 4).

If the authors name isnt in the sentence then you write it like thisWood is a very good material to build with (Frederick, Wood Facts 45).

Citing sources from the Internet One online television critic stated that Friends is a great show for young adults to learn the meaning of friendship (Marcus, Television Opinions).

Include the title of the articleif there are more then oneentry from the author in your text.If you have multiple citationsThis means you have multiple sources in the same parenthesesYou separate the citations by a semicolonHeres a basic examplethis is has studied elsewhere (Brown 4; Black 56).

Include all authors last names followed by page #

Citation is not needed whenFamiliar proverbsWell-known quotes/common knowledgeYour own opinion (if told to include opinion)How to construct a Works Cited pageIn MLA format, a Works Cited page is found at the end of the paper, on a separate pageIt tells the reader where the sources are fromAll of your in-text citations should be reflected in the works cited page