Gives consistency Identifies sources and adds credibility Protection from plagiarism

Due to the varied formats of today’s sources, the likelihood of having multiple means of citation is increased. Oftentimes, sources will fit into more than one category. Remember that your goal is to guide your reader to sources; you choose which citation is best for such a task.

Designation of the medium of the source

No more URLs No name and location of library for

database sources No more underlining Indication of no publisher, publication

date, or pagination

Must state the medium of each source Web does not necessarily mean website Most commonly: Print and Web Film, CD ROM, DVD, Radio, Television,

CD, Performance, Photograph, Interview, Address, Lecture, Keynote, Reading, email, PDF file, MS Word file, JPEG file, MP3 file, XML file

American Council of Learned Societies. Commission on Cyberinfrastructure for the Humanities and Social Sciences. Our Cultural Commonwealth. New York: ACLS, 2006. PDF file.

Antin, David. Interview by Charles Bernstein. Dalkey Archive Press. Dalkey Archive P, n.d. Web. 21 Aug. 2007.

Hudson, Jennifer, perf. “And I Am Telling You I’m Not Going.” Dreamgirls: Music from the Motion Picture. Sony BMG, 2006. MP3 file.

Jeromack, Paul. “This Once, a David of the Art World Does Goliath a Favor.” New York Times 13 July 2002, late ed.: B7+. Print.

“In the past this handbook has recommended including URLs of Web sources in works-cited-list entries. Inclusion of the URLs has proven to have limited value, however, for they often change, can be specific to a subscriber session of use, can b so long and complex that typing then into a browser is cumbersome and prone to transcription errors. Readers are now more likely to find resources on the Web by searching for titles and authors’ names than by typing URLs” (p. 182)

MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. 7th ed. New York: Modern Language Association, 2009. Print.

Old:

Author Last Name, First Name. Name of Site. Date of Posting/Revision. Name of Institution/Organization. Date Accessed. <URL>.

New:

Author, Editor or Compiler Name. “Title of Page.” Name of Site. Name of Institution/Organization (use n.p. if not available), Date of Creation (use n.d. if no date). Medium of Publication. Date Accessed.

Continue to site the database name (in italics)

Subscription information no longer necessary

Database articles should be cited just as if it were in print, with the addition of the database title, medium of publication, and access date.

Old:

Author Last Name, First Name. “Article Title.” Periodical Name Volume (Month Day Year): page numbers. Database Name. Name of Library, City, State. Access Date. <URL>.

New:

Author Last Name, First Name. “Article Title.” Periodical Name Day Month Year: pages. Database Name. Medium of Publication. Access Date.

Titles that were formerly underlined have been changed to italics

Electronic sources are now required to have the following abbreviations within the citation when no publisher, date or pagination are available: n.p. (lack of publisher or sponsor) n.d. (lack of publication date) n.pag. (lack of pagination)

Chan, Evans. “Postmodernism and Hong Kong Cinema.” Postmodern Culture 10.3 (2000): n. pag. Project Muse. Web. 5 June 2008.

Lessig, Lawrence. “Free Debates: More Republicans Call on RNC.” Lessig 2.0. n.p., 4 May 2007. Web. 15 May 2008.

Liu, Alan, ed. Home page. Voice of the Shuttle. Dept. of English, U of California, Santa Barbara, n.d. Web. 15 May 2008.

MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. Seventh Edition. New York: Modern Language Association of America. 2009. Print.