Mitosis Meiosis and DNA.

Jordan Needham

Mitosis

Mitosis is the process of when the nucleus Mitosis is the process of when the nucleus divides to form two identical nuclei. divides to form two identical nuclei.

Steps of MitosisSteps of Mitosis• ProphaseProphase• MetaphaseMetaphase• AnaphaseAnaphase• TelophaseTelophase

Prophase

Mitosis: The pairs of chromatids are clearly visible. The nucleus and nuclear membrane disintegrate. The centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell and spindle fibers begin to form.

Meiosis: Similar to mitosis.Meiosis II: The duplicated chromosomes and

spindle fibers reappear.

Metaphase

Mitosis: The pairs of chromatids line up across the center of the cell. The centromere of each pair usually becomes attached to two spindle fibers one from each side of the cell.

Meiosis: The pairs of duplicated chromosomes line up in the center of the cell.

Meiosis II: The duplicated chromosomes move to the center of the cell.

Anaphase

Mitosis: Each centromere divides and spindle fibers shorten. Each pair of chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell. They are now called chromosomes.

Meiosis: The centromere of each chromatid pair become attached to one spindle fiber.

Meiosis II: The centromere divides and the chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell.

Telophase

Mitosis: Spindle fibers start to disappear, the chromosomes start to uncoil, and a new nucleus forms.

Meiosis: The cytoplasm divides and two new cells form each new cell has one duplicated chromosome from each similar pair.

Meiosis II: The spindle fibers disappear, a nuclear membrane forms around the chromosomes.

Process of Mitosis

Results of Mitosis

You should remember two things about mitosis first, that it’s the division of a nucleus. Second, it produces two new nuclei that are similar to each other and the original. Every cell in your body besides sex cells have a nucleus with 46 chromosomes with 23 pairs and have the copy of the same hereditary material.

Asexual Reproduction

Asexual reproduction- A new organism is produced from one organism

There are 3 types of Asexual reproduction1.Fission2.Budding3.Regeneration

Fission

Fission is when an organism whose cells do not contain a nucleus copies its genetic material and then divides into two identical nuclei.

Budding

Budding is when a new organism grows from the body of a parent organism.

Regeneration

Regeneration is the process that uses cell division to re-grow body parts.

Sexual Reproduction

In sexual reproduction two sex cells (egg and sperm) come together. Sperm are found in the male reproduction organ and eggs are found in the female reproduction organ. When an egg and sperm its called fertilization. The cell that forms is called a zygote.

Diploid Cells

When cells have pairs of similar chromosomes.

Haploid Cells

Sex cells don’t have pairs of chromosomes so there said to be haploid.

Meiosis

Meiosis produces haploid sex cells. There is two stages of meiosis. At the end there are four daughter cells.

Meiosis I

Meiosis one consists of Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I and Telophase I.

Meiosis I

Meiosis II

Meiosis II contains of Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, and Telophase II.

Meiosis II

`DNA