mitigation of pollution in nursery runoff
DESCRIPTION
Mitigation of Pollution in Nursery Runoff. J.N. Kabashima, Darren Haver, Jay Gan, and L. Wu. Mitigating Pollutants in Nursery Runoff Water. Proactive Participate in the process Get involved individually and as part of an industry group or association. Have data before you need it. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Mitigation of Pollution in Mitigation of Pollution in
Nursery RunoffNursery Runoff
J.N. Kabashima, Darren Haver, J.N. Kabashima, Darren Haver, Jay Gan, and L. WuJay Gan, and L. Wu
Mitigating Pollutants in Nursery Mitigating Pollutants in Nursery Runoff WaterRunoff Water
ProactiveProactive Participate in the processParticipate in the process
• Get involved individually and as part of an industry group or Get involved individually and as part of an industry group or association.association.
Have data before you need it.Have data before you need it. Help develop solutions and regulations.Help develop solutions and regulations. Identify and seek sources of information and Identify and seek sources of information and
expertise.expertise. ReactiveReactive
Try to figure out how to comply with regulations and Try to figure out how to comply with regulations and or litigation.or litigation.
Mitigating Pollutants in Nursery Mitigating Pollutants in Nursery Runoff WaterRunoff Water
Conduct a Self-AssessmentConduct a Self-AssessmentRunoff and NPS Self-AssessmentRunoff and NPS Self-Assessment
http://cesandiego.ucdavis.edu/Clean%5FWater/http://cesandiego.ucdavis.edu/Clean%5FWater/
Identify Management optionsIdentify Management optionsManagement Options for NPS PollutionManagement Options for NPS Pollution
http://ucce.ucdavis.edu/files/filelibrary/2017/10391.pdfhttp://ucce.ucdavis.edu/files/filelibrary/2017/10391.pdf
Document EffortsDocument EffortsWater Quality Record KeepingWater Quality Record Keeping
http://ucce.ucdavis.edu/files/filelibrary/2017/8453.PDFhttp://ucce.ucdavis.edu/files/filelibrary/2017/8453.PDF
Self-AssessmentSelf-Assessment
Property ManagementProperty Management Road ManagementRoad Management Irrigation PracticesIrrigation Practices Leaching & RunoffLeaching & Runoff Nutrient Assessment & Fertilizer ManagementNutrient Assessment & Fertilizer Management Integrated Pest ManagementIntegrated Pest Management
Management Options for NPS Management Options for NPS Pollution Greenhouse and Pollution Greenhouse and Container Crop IndustriesContainer Crop Industries
Irrigation Management and Water QualityIrrigation Management and Water Quality NutrientsNutrients Integrated Pest Management (IPM)Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Water Quality Record KeepingWater Quality Record Keeping
Sites Mats and Emergency InformationSites Mats and Emergency Information Hazardous MaterialsHazardous Materials Sanitation & Waste ManagementSanitation & Waste Management Pesticide UsePesticide Use Fertilizer UseFertilizer Use Irrigation Practices & Runoff ManagementIrrigation Practices & Runoff Management Equipment MaintenanceEquipment Maintenance Best Management Practices/Mgmt OptionsBest Management Practices/Mgmt Options Employee Training =/EducationEmployee Training =/Education Reports, Data, & Other InformationReports, Data, & Other Information
Irrigation Management and Water Irrigation Management and Water QualityQuality
Monitor Water QualityMonitor Water Quality Maximize Irrigation EfficiencyMaximize Irrigation Efficiency Irrigation SchedulingIrrigation Scheduling Select Appropriate Growing MediumSelect Appropriate Growing Medium Consider the Use of Wetting AgentsConsider the Use of Wetting Agents Reduce LeachingReduce Leaching Publications on New TechnologiesPublications on New Technologies Continuing EducationContinuing Education Collect, Treat and Recycle Open Runoff/Tailwater Collect, Treat and Recycle Open Runoff/Tailwater
RecoveryRecovery Collect Runoff from Outdoor Production AreasCollect Runoff from Outdoor Production Areas
Irrigation Management and Water Irrigation Management and Water QualityQuality
Collect Runoff from Field Drains and Non-Concrete Collect Runoff from Field Drains and Non-Concrete FloorsFloors
Further Aspects of Reusing WaterFurther Aspects of Reusing Water Erosion/Drainage Control & Water ConservationErosion/Drainage Control & Water Conservation Water ConservationWater Conservation Management PracticesManagement Practices Excess Water RemovalExcess Water Removal Pathogen Detection and ControlPathogen Detection and Control Cost-sharingCost-sharing Municipal Treatment PlantsMunicipal Treatment Plants
Irrigation Management and Water Irrigation Management and Water QualityQuality
Maximize Irrigation EfficiencyMaximize Irrigation Efficiency Irrigation SchedulingIrrigation Scheduling Select Appropriate Growing MediumSelect Appropriate Growing Medium Consider the Use of Wetting AgentsConsider the Use of Wetting Agents Collect, Treat and Recycle Open Collect, Treat and Recycle Open
Runoff/Tailwater RecoveryRunoff/Tailwater Recovery Pathogen Detection and ControlPathogen Detection and Control Continuing EducationContinuing Education
Irrigation Management and Water Irrigation Management and Water QualityQuality
Maximize Irrigation Maximize Irrigation EfficiencyEfficiency
Irrigation SchedulingIrrigation Scheduling
Irrigation Management and Water Irrigation Management and Water QualityQuality
Select Appropriate Growing Select Appropriate Growing MediumMedium
Consider the Use of Wetting Consider the Use of Wetting AgentsAgents
Irrigation Management and Water Irrigation Management and Water QualityQuality
Collect, Treat and Recycle Open Collect, Treat and Recycle Open Runoff/Tailwater RecoveryRunoff/Tailwater Recovery
Pathogen Detection and ControlPathogen Detection and Control
Irrigation Management and Water Irrigation Management and Water QualityQuality
Continuing EducationContinuing Education
Outline – El Modeno Gardens Outline – El Modeno Gardens Case StudyCase Study
How does it happen?How does it happen? Self-AssessmentSelf-Assessment
What type of mitigation practices can What type of mitigation practices can be implemented?be implemented?
Management PracticesManagement Practices
How Does It Happen?How Does It Happen?
Irrigation (carrier)Irrigation (carrier) Planting Media (source)Planting Media (source)
Runoff + planting mediaRunoff + planting media
= pesticide runoff?= pesticide runoff?
IrrigationIrrigationIrrigationIrrigation
Planting MediaPlanting MediaPlanting MediaPlanting Media
Nursery RunoffNursery RunoffNursery RunoffNursery Runoff
Runoff!
Step 1: Scrap off surface soilStep 2: Estimate potting mix contentStep 3: Analyze pesticidesStep 4: Correlation
Step 1: Scrap off surface soilStep 2: Estimate potting mix contentStep 3: Analyze pesticidesStep 4: Correlation
Bifenthrin (Talstar) in Spilled Potting MixBifenthrin (Talstar) in Spilled Potting MixBifenthrin (Talstar) in Spilled Potting MixBifenthrin (Talstar) in Spilled Potting Mix
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Sample Location
% o
f P
ott
ing
Mix
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
m g/k
g
%Potting Mix Bifenthrin
Potting Mix SpillsPotting Mix SpillsPotting Mix SpillsPotting Mix Spills
Mitigation PracticesMitigation PracticesMitigation PracticesMitigation Practices
Reduce Irrigation RunoffReduce Irrigation Runoff On-site solid removal:On-site solid removal:
PAMPAM In-line sediment trapIn-line sediment trap Collection pond Collection pond Vegetative filtrationVegetative filtration Adsorptive filtersAdsorptive filters
Capture and Recycle RunoffCapture and Recycle Runoff Treat recaptured waterTreat recaptured water
AdsorptionAdsorptionAdsorptionAdsorption
DOCDOC
DOC
DOC
DOC
DOC
DOC
DOC
DOC-
Adsorbed
DOC-complex
Dissolved
““Muddy” RunoffMuddy” Runoff““Muddy” RunoffMuddy” Runoff
104 m
262 m (reservoir or exit)
0 m
145 m
166 m
187 m
210 m
240 m
Sediment Trap
Production Area
PAM Tablets
Sediment Pond
Vegetative FilterAdsorptive filter
Adsorptive filter
Sediment Pond
Baffle system
Concrete Channel
Surface Runoff
Influent Sampling Point
Charcoal/fiber filters
Sediment Basin
Vegetative Filter
Storm Overflow
Sediment Trap
PAM Delivery
Nursery Runoff Mitigation
PAM (Polyacrylamides)PAM (Polyacrylamides)
Charged (anionic) linear chain polymer with a high molecular weight.
Granular, liquid, or tablet.
Reduces the movement of soil particles as well as associated chemicals (some pesticides and nutrients).
Charged (anionic) linear chain polymer with a high molecular weight.
Granular, liquid, or tablet.
Reduces the movement of soil particles as well as associated chemicals (some pesticides and nutrients).
No PAM TreatmentNo PAM Treatment
PAM TreatmentPAM Treatment
Sediment TrapSediment Trap
Effective in slowing flow and dropping out sediment.
Easy to remove deposited sediment.
Most effective when flow is slow and slope is less than 5%.
Can be utilized when space is limited.
Effective in slowing flow and dropping out sediment.
Easy to remove deposited sediment.
Most effective when flow is slow and slope is less than 5%.
Can be utilized when space is limited.
Sediment PondSediment Pond
Slows the movement of water entering channel.
Allows for the further settling of soil particles.
Temporary holding basin under low flow conditions.
Slows the movement of water entering channel.
Allows for the further settling of soil particles.
Temporary holding basin under low flow conditions.
Vegetative FilterVegetative Filter
Traps sediment and reduces volume of runoff.
•Canna x ‘Tropicanna’ – propagation
Removes pesticides by trapping sediment as well as providing a beneficial environment for decomposition.
Most effective when flow rate is slow allowing for evapotranspiration to reduce overall flow.
Traps sediment and reduces volume of runoff.
•Canna x ‘Tropicanna’ – propagation
Removes pesticides by trapping sediment as well as providing a beneficial environment for decomposition.
Most effective when flow rate is slow allowing for evapotranspiration to reduce overall flow.
Suspended Solids in Runoff (mg/L)Suspended Solids in Runoff (mg/L)(May 2002)(May 2002)
Suspended Solids in Runoff (mg/L)Suspended Solids in Runoff (mg/L)(May 2002)(May 2002)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
-55 0 104 166 187 210 240 340
Su
spen
ded
So
lid
s (m
g/L
)
Pond ExitSediment trap
Canna lilies strip
Bifenthrin in Runoff (ppb)Bifenthrin in Runoff (ppb)(May 2002)(May 2002)
Bifenthrin in Runoff (ppb)Bifenthrin in Runoff (ppb)(May 2002)(May 2002)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
-55 0 104 166 187 210 240 340
Bif
enth
rin
(p
pb
)
Pond ExitSediment trap
Canna lilies strip
92%
Permethrin in Runoff (ppb)Permethrin in Runoff (ppb)(May 2002)(May 2002)
Permethrin in Runoff (ppb)Permethrin in Runoff (ppb)(May 2002)(May 2002)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
-55 0 104 166 187 210 240 340
Per
met
hri
n (
pp
b) cis-P
trans-P
Pond ExitSediment trap
Canna lilies strip
95%
Suspended Solids in runoff (mg/L)Suspended Solids in runoff (mg/L)(June 2002)(June 2002)
Suspended Solids in runoff (mg/L)Suspended Solids in runoff (mg/L)(June 2002)(June 2002)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
-55 0 104 166 187 210 240 340
Su
spen
ded
So
lid
s (m
g/L
)
Pond ExitSediment trap
Canna lilies strip
Bifenthrin in Runoff (ppb)Bifenthrin in Runoff (ppb)(June 2002)(June 2002)
Bifenthrin in Runoff (ppb)Bifenthrin in Runoff (ppb)(June 2002)(June 2002)
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
-55 0 104 166 187 210 240 340
Bif
enth
rin
(p
pb
)
Pond ExitSediment trap
Canna lilies strip
91%
Permethrin in Runoff (ppb)Permethrin in Runoff (ppb)(June 2002)(June 2002)
Permethrin in Runoff (ppb)Permethrin in Runoff (ppb)(June 2002)(June 2002)
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
-55 0 104 166 187 210 240 340
Per
met
hri
n (
pp
b) cis-P
trans-P
Pond ExitSediment trap
Canna lilies strip
100%
Adsorptive FiltersAdsorptive Filters
Physical filtration
Adsorptive removal
Feasibility?
Fiber/Activated Charcoal FiltersFiber/Activated Charcoal FiltersFiber/Activated Charcoal FiltersFiber/Activated Charcoal Filters
Effectiveness of Filters (1 day after)
Effectiveness of Filters (1 day after)
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
BF (ug/L) cis-PM (ug/L) trans-PM (ug/L) SS (g/L)
Pond Filter #2Trap Filter #1
Effectiveness of Filters (1 week after)
Effectiveness of Filters (1 week after)
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
BF (ug/L)
cis-PM (ug/L)
trans-PM (ug/L)
SS (g/L)
Pond Filter #2Trap Filter #1
ReviewReview
DisadvantagesDisadvantages Behavior unknownBehavior unknown Concentrated useConcentrated use Multiple pesticides with Multiple pesticides with
varying properties varying properties
DisadvantagesDisadvantages Behavior unknownBehavior unknown Concentrated useConcentrated use Multiple pesticides with Multiple pesticides with
varying properties varying properties
AdvantagesAdvantages Semi-point sourceSemi-point source ““Mitigatable” (small) runoffMitigatable” (small) runoff Growers’ supportGrowers’ support
AdvantagesAdvantages Semi-point sourceSemi-point source ““Mitigatable” (small) runoffMitigatable” (small) runoff Growers’ supportGrowers’ support
What else?
Storm runoff conditions? How clean is clean?
What else?
Storm runoff conditions? How clean is clean?
California Department of Food & AgricultureCalifornia Department of Pesticide RegulationCalifornia SWRCBSanta Ana RWQCBEl Modeno Gardens NurseryFMC Inc.UC Water Resources Center