mistakes that worked: post-it notes and slinky. intend v. [i] 打算，意圖 intend to v 打算做...

Mistakes That Worked: Post-it Notes and Slinky

intend v. [I] intend to V We intend to take a trip to Canada next month. be intended for All his books are intended for children under the age of seven.

unintentional adj. unintentional accidental intentional adj. deliberate

have no intention of V-ing Mike has no intention of studying abroad. with the intention of He went back to Tokyo with the intention of seeing that beautiful girl again.

Question: What do you intend to do in the winter vacation?

language laboratory research laboratory

adhesive adj. sticky

adhere to This sticker will not adhere to the wall. adhere to = stick to He adhered to his principles all his life.

Question: Please share one of the principles you adhere to and tell us why you stick to it?

UFO n. [C] unidentified flying object

object v. [I] object to N/V-ing The local people objected to the construction of a new power plant in the neighborhood.

discard v. [T] throw away, cast aside Dont discard your old English books. They can be donated to libraries.

discard v. [I, T] It is your turn. You must choose a card in your hand to discard.

choir n. [C] chorus

mark n. [C] make a mark This book is borrowed from the library. You cant make a mark on it. question mark ? quotation mark .. birthmark n. [C]

coating a thin layer of something that covers a surface

nation n. [C] nationality n. [C, U] dual nationality Dual nationality is absolutely not allowed in some countries.

Question If you had a chance to get dual nationality, which countrys nationality would you like to own?

12. navy n. [U] navy blue navigate v. [I, T] naval adj. a naval officer.

13. spring to ones feet spring to ones mind When I saw this picture, a question sprang to my mind. spring into existence The invention did not spring into existence overnight. handspring n. [C]

14. ingenuity [ nd nu t ] n. The thief used his ingenuity to steal from house to house, but was eventually caught one night.

17. coil v. Julie coils up her hair every day before she goes to school. uncoil v. [I, T] 18. spiral staircase

19. meet the requirements of S1 require that S2 (should) VR S Most school rules require that students arrive on time.

21. overestimate v. [T] Im afraid we have all overestimated his ability. underestimate v. [T]

23. bouncing adj. a bouncing baby girl bounce v. This check bounced because there wasnt enough money in that mans bank account.

25. artificial intelligence intelligence quotient (= IQ) Central Intelligence Agency = CIA intelligence n. [U] According to the intelligence, someone is planning to assassinate the president.

1 st Invention: Post-it Notes Point I A man named was trying to develop in. He developed a super-weak One instead.

Point I A man named Spencer Silver was trying to develop a super-strong adhesive in the 3M laboratories. He developed a super-weak one by accident instead.

Point II Another 3M scientist,, used markers to keep his place in the hymnal while singing. He coated the markers with to keep them from.

Point II Another 3M scientist, Arthur Fry, used markers to keep his place in the hymnal while singing. He coated the markers with Silvers adhesive to keep them from falling out of the book.

Point III The markers served their purpose well. Eventually 3M used this adhesive to make Post-it Notes, now one of.

Point III The markers served their purpose well. Eventually 3M used this super-weak adhesive to make Post-it Notes, now one of the worlds most popular office products available.

1. Watch a video clip about 20 inventions. 2. Which one of the 20 inventions do you consider most useful?

Introduction In 1943, an American (who) noticed a (what) flip-flopping on the floor.

Example II - The Slinky Introduction In 1943, an American naval engineer noticed a torsion spring flip-flopping on the floor.

Point I The engineer, (who), together with (who), designed a (what) tightly coiled into a spiral and began producing it as a toy.

Point I The engineer, Richard James, together with his wife Betty, designed a long steel ribbon tightly coiled into a spiral and began producing it as a toy.

Point II The toy, which was called the Slinky, has remained popular for three generations, with only one change to the original design. For almost forty years, Betty James was president of the company that makes it.

Point II The toy, which was called (what), has remained popular for three generations, with only one change to the original design. For almost forty years, (who)was president of the company that makes it.

Conclusion Intelligence is not, but.

Conclusion Intelligence is not to make no mistakes, but to quickly see how to make them good.

If I trusted that man, I would become the silliest person in the world. If there were no sun, there would be no life.

No one got the idea and then stayed up nights to invent it. nights : adv. = at night My father works nights, so he often feels sleepy the next day.

A man named Spencer Silver was working in the 3M research laboratories in 1970 trying to find a strong adhesive.

A man (who was) named Spencer Silver was working in the 3M research laboratories in 1970 trying (=and he tried) to find a strong adhesive.

The queen sat on her splendid throne, waving at the crowd. = The queen sat on her splendid throne, and (she) waved at the crowd.

Silver developed a new adhesive, but it was even weaker than those 3M already manufactured.

Which Did you see the book which I put on the shelf? You can take away anything you like but leave the one which is in the box. Its my favorite one.

Which Did you see the book (which) I put on the shelf? (O ) You can take away anything you like but leave the one which is in the box. Its my favorite one. ( S)

Silver developed a new adhesive, but it was even weaker than those 3M already manufactured. = (which) 3M already manufactured.

. that those 1. Your opinion may differ from those of the others. 2. The gorilla has a bigger brain than that of the chimpanzee.

3. You dont have to compare your salary with those of your coworkers. 4. The diameter of Mars is about half that of the Earth.

5. Their country is facing a crisis similar to that of Greece.

It should have been super- strong, but it turned out to be super-weak instead.

should have p.p. could have p.p. should have p.p. (1) You should have left when you had a chance. (2) I believe the kids should have slept well last night.

(3) She should have arrived at her office by now. Does anyone know what happened to her?

could have p.p. (1) Luckily, the lifeguard arrived in time. Otherwise, I could have died. (2) Dont worry. Jack could have just forgotten to call you.

Translation Practice 1. You should have been more careful. 2. The result could have been worse.

3. I should have written to her but I was too busy then. 4. I could have asked him for help. 5. This party should have ended at nine.

turn out To our surprise, everything turned out well/badly. That guy turned out to be Maria's second cousin. We all believed her words but it turned out that she was lying.

Linda didnt know what she should say. = Linda didnt know ___________. Please tell me how I can get to the lake. = Please tell me ____________.

With the weak adhesive, the markers stayed in place, yet lifted off without damaging the pages. with With this magic device, you can save a lot of time.

With the weak adhesive, the markers stayed in place, yet lifted off without damaging the pages. The markers stayed in place, and yet it was lifted off without damaging the pages.

Without My boss left the office angrily without saying a word.

2 nd Invention In 1943, during World War II, an engineer in the United States Navy was on a new ships trial run. on Ill be on vacation next week.

James and his wife Betty perfected a long steel ribbon tightly coiled into a spiral. which was tightly coiled They are still looking for the airplane (which was) shot down by the missile.

The no-battery-required toy has fascinated three generations of children and adults alike. They decided to take a down- to-earth approach.

But the Slinky is still hopping, skipping, jumping, and bouncing across floors and down stairs all over America. hop, skip, and jump triple jump down along Go down this road and youll see the church.

1. The police will find out whether the fire was accidental or i____l. 2. When they moved to their new house, they d_____ded all their old furniture.

3. She has been singing in the c____r at her church for nearly two years. 4. To make this dish, you need to c____t the fish with the honey mustard sauce.

5. They are one of the biggest m____rs of personal computers. 6.The old man placed a m____r at the place where he buried his money.

7. The museum is full of o____ts from the past. 8. These blankets will be d_____ted to the flood victims as soon as possible.

9. Dr. Lin is doing a new experiment in his research l_____y. 10. She lives in the United States but has Chinese n_____y.

11. Youll need some waterproof a___e to glue these pieces in place. 12. The first snow m_____ks the beginning of the winter season.

Part II 1. A famous n_______l war broke out near this island fifty years ago. 2. My sister likes to wear blue r______ns in her hair.

3. As the snake c______led under the table, the terrified children slowly moved away. 4. If you do not meet the r_______ts of this course, you will fail.

5. This old bed is uncomfortable, as many of its s_____gs are broken. 6. The bird hit a tree and fell in a quick s_____l.

7. George Washington was the first P_____t of the United States. 8. Some scientists believe that dolphins are as i_____t as humans.

9. The catcher misjudged the b_______e of the ball, and it sailed over his head. 10.You cannot a____n your dog just because it is old and sick.

11. The i______s student made a simple computer for his brother. 12. Scientists e_______e that the Antarctic ice cap contains 90 percent of the worlds fresh water.

13. You can find a lot of items made of stainless s_____l in this kitchen. 14. The idea of traveling through time f_____tes many boys.

15. This sofa can _______ _______ ( ) a bed when we have overnight guests.

1. The ball b_______ed twice before hitting the net. 2. There are many glass and plastic o_______ts on the kitchen shelves. 3. The charity organization d_______ed food to the earthquake victims.

4. The pop singers first record was a number one hit n______e. 5. The painting is e______ed to be worth over 200 million dollars. 6. Most of the stray dogs were a_______ned by their owners.

7. You cannot d______d the sofa here. The garbage truck doesnt collect furniture. 8. We were doing a chemical experiment in the school l______y all morning.

9. Judy is an i_______t student and is good at learning. She is especially good at math. 10. The factory m_______es women's clothing.

11. I'm sorry I left your book in the classroom. It wasn't i_______l. 12. The i_______s inventor recognized that he could create new products from recycled plastic bottles.

1. There will be a ____ (president) election at the end of this year. 2. A degree in computer science is a _____ (require) for the job.

3. My aunt has Canadian _______ (nation). 4. We watched in ______ (fascinate) as the fireworks exploded.

1. I always make sure everything is ______ _____ so I will have no trouble finding things when I need to use them. I know _____ __________ that it is easy to lose important things in a cluttered room.