MODULE -2

KINDS OF INFORMATION SYSTEM

Information system

Information systems are implemented within an organization for the purpose of improving the effectiveness and efficiency of that organization.

Kinds/ Types of IS

Transaction Processing system Office Automation System Management Information System Decision Support System Group Decision Support System Expert System Executive Support System

Transaction Processing system

A TPS is a information system that records company transaction….

A transaction is defined as a exchange or cross-functional information system between two or more business entities…..

Events that occur as part of doing business like sales, purchases, refunds and payments..

Eg: Ticket reservation

Characteristics of TPS

It records Internal and external transaction for a company.

It performs routine, repetitive task.

Transaction can be recorded in online

Process of TPS

Transaction Process

Enterdata

Validatedata

ValidatedResults

Generate Output

FacilitateQueries

Process of TPS There are six steps in processing a

transaction ……….. Data entry Data capture Data validation Processing and revalidation Storage Output generation Query support

Office Automation System

OAS means the complete integration of… Word processing, Electronic filing, Diary management and Communication, including electronic mail, telex

and fax….

Components of OAS

Function Software package Software type Word processing Electronic Spreadsheets Graphics Project management Electronic Mail

Advantages of OAS Increased productivity Improved quality of work Improved organizational effectiveness Better service Better management control

Disadvantages: Office staff became dependent on computers OAS is expensive than manual system Health problem to employees

Management Information System

According to G.B. Davis,

“MIS is an integrated man/machine system for providing information to support the operations, management and decision making function in an organization”

MIS is a system that aid management in making , carrying out and controlling decision.

Characteristics of MIS

MIS is an integrative system MIS is coordinated system MIS is flexible MIS enhance productivity MIS is a feedback system MIS transform the data into information

Functions of MIS

Collect Data Collect Data

Store and Process Managers Store and Process Managers

Present Information to Mangers Present Information to Mangers

Application of MIS Strategy support

Computers can assist management to understand the effects of their strategies and help enable effective decision making………

Data processing

MIS system allow for the collation of vast amounts of business data, but they also provide a valuable time saving benefit to the workforce……………….

Decision Support System

DSS is an outcome of MIS providing support for management at operational control, management control and strategic planning….

In DSS currently receiving much publicity is computer graphics…..

The term decision support system refers to a system which support process of making decisions…..

Cont……….

Definition….A set of well-integrated, user-friendly, computer-based tools that combine data with various decision making models- quantitative and qualitative to solve semi-structured and unstructured problems

According to Scott Morton,

“DSS as interactive computer based systems, which help decision-makers to utilize data and model to solve unstructured problems”

Components of DSS

Hardware Resource Software Resource Data Resource Model Resource People Resource Decision Support System Package

Application of DSS

Independent problem Interrelated problem Organizational problem

Group Decision Support System Meaning of GDSS……….

GDSS is an interactive, computer based system that facilities solution of unstructured problem by set of decision makers working together as a group…..

Chacterstics of GDSS that Enhance Decision Making

Special design Ease of use Flexibility Decision- Making Support Reduction of Negative group behavior Parallel communication

Expert System

An experts system is software that contains a knowledge base of facts and relationships and has ability to make inferences based on that knowledge base

According to REBOH and REITER…..

“Expert systems are interactive computer programs incorporating judgment, rules of thumb, intuition and other expertise to provide knowledgeable advice about a variety of tasks”

Components of ES

Knowledge acquisition subsystem Knowledge base Inference engine. User interface.

Business Application of Expert System

Manufacturing Marketing Accounting and Finance Personnel General Business

Executive Support System

EIS or ESS are information system that combine many of the features of management information system and decision support system…….

Components of EIS

Hardware Software Interface Telecommunication

Applications of EIS

Manufacturing Marketing Financial