minor connectors dr kaushal kishor agrawal assistant professor department of prosthodontics kgmu,...
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Minor ConnectorsMinor Connectors
Dr Kaushal Kishor Agrawal
Assistant Professor
Department of Prosthodontics
KGMU , Lucknow
Dr Kaushal Kishor Agrawal
Assistant Professor
Department of Prosthodontics
KGMU , Lucknow
Minor ConnectorsMinor ConnectorsMinor ConnectorsMinor Connectors
• Connects components to the major connector– Direct retainer
– Indirect retainer
– Denture base
• Connects components to the major connector– Direct retainer
– Indirect retainer
– Denture base
Functions of Minor ConnectorsFunctions of Minor ConnectorsFunctions of Minor ConnectorsFunctions of Minor Connectors
• Unification and rigidity
• Stress distribution
• Bracing through contact with guiding planes
• Maintain a path of insertion
• Unification and rigidity
• Stress distribution
• Bracing through contact with guiding planes
• Maintain a path of insertion
Types of Minor ConnectorsTypes of Minor ConnectorsTypes of Minor ConnectorsTypes of Minor Connectors
• Embrasure Minor Connectors– Between two adjacent teeth
• Embrasure Minor Connectors– Between two adjacent teeth
Types of Minor ConnectorsTypes of Minor ConnectorsTypes of Minor ConnectorsTypes of Minor Connectors
• Embrasure Minor Connectors– Triangular shaped in cross section
– Joins major connector at right angles
– Relief placed so connector not directly on soft tissue
• Embrasure Minor Connectors– Triangular shaped in cross section
– Joins major connector at right angles
– Relief placed so connector not directly on soft tissue
Types of Minor ConnectorsTypes of Minor ConnectorsTypes of Minor ConnectorsTypes of Minor Connectors
• Embrasure Minor Connectors– Contact teeth above height of
contour
– Prevents wedging & tooth mobility
– Alternatively, difficult to seat
• Embrasure Minor Connectors– Contact teeth above height of
contour
– Prevents wedging & tooth mobility
– Alternatively, difficult to seat
Gridwork Minor ConnectorsGridwork Minor ConnectorsGridwork Minor ConnectorsGridwork Minor Connectors
• Connect the denture base and teeth to the major connector
• Connect the denture base and teeth to the major connector
Gridwork Gridwork Minor ConnectorsMinor ConnectorsGridwork Gridwork Minor ConnectorsMinor Connectors
• Adjacent edentulous spaces
• Usually connect major connector to direct retainers
• Open lattice work or mesh types
• Adjacent edentulous spaces
• Usually connect major connector to direct retainers
• Open lattice work or mesh types
Gridwork Minor ConnectorsGridwork Minor ConnectorsGridwork Minor ConnectorsGridwork Minor Connectors
• Mesh type – Flatter– Potentially more rigid– Less retention for acrylic
if openings are small
• Mesh type – Flatter– Potentially more rigid– Less retention for acrylic
if openings are small
Gridwork Minor ConnectorsGridwork Minor ConnectorsGridwork Minor ConnectorsGridwork Minor Connectors
• Lattice Type• Potentially superior retention• Interferes with setting of teeth, if
struts are too thick – Both types are acceptable if correctly
designed
• Lattice Type• Potentially superior retention• Interferes with setting of teeth, if
struts are too thick – Both types are acceptable if correctly
designed
Gridwork ReliefGridwork ReliefGridwork ReliefGridwork Relief
• Mechanical retention of denture base resin
• Allows the acrylic resin to flow under the gridwork
• Mechanical retention of denture base resin
• Allows the acrylic resin to flow under the gridwork
Gridwork ReliefGridwork ReliefGridwork ReliefGridwork Relief
• Relief wax is placed in the edentulous areas
• 1 mm of relief
• Relief wax is placed in the edentulous areas
• 1 mm of relief
Relief Under the GridworkRelief Under the GridworkRelief Under the GridworkRelief Under the Gridwork
• Should begin 1.5 - 2 mm from the abutment tooth
• Should begin 1.5 - 2 mm from the abutment tooth
Relief Under the GridworkRelief Under the GridworkRelief Under the GridworkRelief Under the Gridwork
• Creates a metal to tissue contact adjacent tooth– Preferable since it wears less
– Less porous, (hygiene)
• Creates a metal to tissue contact adjacent tooth– Preferable since it wears less
– Less porous, (hygiene)
Junction With Major ConnectorJunction With Major ConnectorJunction With Major ConnectorJunction With Major Connector
• Butt joint with slight undercut in metal
• Maximum bulk of the acrylic resin
• Prevents thin, weak edges fracturing
• Butt joint with slight undercut in metal
• Maximum bulk of the acrylic resin
• Prevents thin, weak edges fracturing
a
major connector
edentulous ridge
butt joint slight undercut
a
incorrect (>90° joint)
MandibularMandibular Gridwork Design Gridwork DesignMandibularMandibular Gridwork Design Gridwork Design
• Extend 2/3 of the way from abutment tooth to retromolar pad
• Never on the ascending portion of the ridge
• Extend 2/3 of the way from abutment tooth to retromolar pad
• Never on the ascending portion of the ridge
Stewart's, Fig. 2-55
Maxillary Maxillary Gridwork DesignGridwork DesignMaxillary Maxillary Gridwork DesignGridwork Design
• Gridwork– 2/3 of the length of
from abutment to the hamular notch
• Major connector – extends fully to the
hamular notch
• Gridwork– 2/3 of the length of
from abutment to the hamular notch
• Major connector – extends fully to the
hamular notch
Gridwork DesignGridwork DesignGridwork DesignGridwork Design
Facially just over the crest of the residual ridge
Facially just over the crest of the residual ridge
Position of Major Connector JunctionPosition of Major Connector JunctionPosition of Major Connector JunctionPosition of Major Connector Junction
• Should be ≈ 2 mm medial to lingual surface of denture teeth
• Ensures bulk of resin around teeth
• Should be ≈ 2 mm medial to lingual surface of denture teeth
• Ensures bulk of resin around teeth
Mandibular Tissue StopsMandibular Tissue StopsMandibular Tissue StopsMandibular Tissue Stops
• Contact of metal with cast at posterior of distal extension gridwork
• Prevents distortion at free end during hydraulic pressure of processing
• Contact of metal with cast at posterior of distal extension gridwork
• Prevents distortion at free end during hydraulic pressure of processing
No Tissue Stops In MaxillaNo Tissue Stops In MaxillaNo Tissue Stops In MaxillaNo Tissue Stops In Maxilla
• Maxillary major connector acts as a tissue stop (no relief)
• Maxillary major connector acts as a tissue stop (no relief)
Proximal PlatesProximal PlatesProximal PlatesProximal Plates
• Minor connectors originating from the gridwork in an edentulous area
• Broad contact with guiding planes
• May or may not terminate in an occlusal rest
• Minor connectors originating from the gridwork in an edentulous area
• Broad contact with guiding planes
• May or may not terminate in an occlusal rest
Proximal PlatesProximal PlatesProximal PlatesProximal Plates
Proximal PlatesProximal PlatesProximal PlatesProximal Plates
• Shifted slightly lingually – Increases rigidity– Enhances reciprocation– Improves esthetics
• Often a triangular space below the guiding plane (an undercut)
• Shifted slightly lingually – Increases rigidity– Enhances reciprocation– Improves esthetics
• Often a triangular space below the guiding plane (an undercut)
Proximal PlatesProximal PlatesProximal PlatesProximal Plates
• Rigid, cannot be placed in undercut
• Block-out placed in undercuts prior to waxing and casting the framework
• Rigid, cannot be placed in undercut
• Block-out placed in undercuts prior to waxing and casting the framework
Zero Degree Block-OutZero Degree Block-OutZero Degree Block-OutZero Degree Block-Out
• Does not deviate from path of insertion
• Instructions to the laboratory should state “Use zero degree blockout”
• Does not deviate from path of insertion
• Instructions to the laboratory should state “Use zero degree blockout”
Q1: Which is not function of Minnor
Connector
1. Unification and rigidity
2. Stress distribution
3. Bracing through contact with guiding
planes
4. Retention of RPD
Q1: Which is not function of Minnor
Connector
1. Unification and rigidity
2. Stress distribution
3. Bracing through contact with guiding
planes
4. Retention of RPD
Q2: Minnor Connector should join major connector at an angle of
1. 90 degree
2. > 90 degree
3. < 90 degree
4. At any angle
Q2: Minnor Connector should join major connector at an angle of
1. 90 degree
2. > 90 degree
3. < 90 degree
4. At any angle
Q3: Embrasure minor connector should be
1. Triangular
2. Rectangular
3. Square
4. Linear
Q3: Embrasure minor connector should be
1. Triangular
2. Rectangular
3. Square
4. Linear
Q4: Which Gridwork minor connector connector commonly interfer with setting of teeth
1. Mesh work
2. Lattice Work
3. Bead type
4. Both Mesh and lattice work
Q4: Which Gridwork minor connector connector commonly interfer with setting of teeth
1. Mesh work
2. Lattice Work
3. Bead type
4. Both Mesh and lattice work
Q5: Which part of Maxillary cast
R PD framework act as tissue stop
1. Major connector
2. Minor connector
3. Direct retainet
4. Occlusal rest
Q5: Which part of Maxillary cast
R PD framework act as tissue stop
1. Major connector
2. Minor connector
3. Direct retainet
4. Occlusal rest
Q6: Which is not true for Mandibular Grid work framework
1. Extend 2/3 of the way from abutment
tooth to retromolar pad
2. Never on the ascending portion of the
ridge
3. Always cover retromolar pad
4. Need for tissue stops
Q6: Which is not true for Mandibular Grid work framework
1. Extend 2/3 of the way from abutment
tooth to retromolar pad
2. Never on the ascending portion of the
ridge
3. Always cover retromolar pad
4. Need for tissue stops
Q8: Proximal plate is shifted Shifted slightly lingually to 1. Increases rigidity
2. Enhances reciprocation
3. Improves esthetics
4. All of above
Q8: Proximal plate is shifted Shifted slightly lingually to 1. Increases rigidity
2. Enhances reciprocation
3. Improves esthetics
4. All of above
Q9: Gridwork minnor connector
1.Connect the denture base and teeth to the major connector
2. Connect the denture base and teeth to the Occlusal rest
3. Connect the major connnector to the direct retainer
4.All of above
Q9: Gridwork minnor connector
1.Connect the denture base and teeth to the major connector
2. Connect the denture base and teeth to the Occlusal rest
3. Connect the major connnector to the direct retainer
4.All of above
Q10. Function of tissue stop
1. Prevents distortion at free end during hydraulic pressure of processing
2. It compromises the shrinkage in resin
3.It provide rigidity to denture framework
4. All of above
Q10. Function of tissue stop
1. Prevents distortion at free end during hydraulic pressure of processing
2. It compromises the shrinkage in resin
3.It provide rigidity to denture framework
4. All of above